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IME Physiology
Vocabulary
457
Physiology
Undergraduate 1
06/22/2011

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Term
Arteriopath
Definition
Any disease of the arteries.
Term
Varicosis
Definition
Abnormally dilated vein.
Term
Ischemia
Definition
Low blood flow to tissue.
Term
Embolism
Definition
Blockage in the artery from blood clot or air bubble or fat particle.
Term
Arteriosclerosis
Definition
Hardening of the artery
Term
Atherosclerosis
Definition
Plaque buildup on the artery
Term
Hypertension
Definition
High blood pressure
Term
Phlebitis
Definition
Inflammation of a vein
Term
Hemorrhoids
Definition
Dilated vein in the anal area.
Term
Angiospasm
Definition
Abnormal muscle contraction of the blood vessel.
Term
Angiostenosis
Definition
Narrowing of blood vessel.
Term
Cyanosis
Definition
Blue tinge of the skin due to lack of oxygen supply.
Term
Aneurysm
Definition
Abnormal bulging of an arterial wall.
Term
Angiocarditis
Definition
An inflamation of the heart and blood vessels.
Term
Angioma
Definition
Tumor of the blood vessel.
Term
Aortitis
Definition
Inflammation of the aorta
Term
Emia
Definition
Condition of the blood
Term
Oma
Definition
Tumor
Term
Osis
Definition
condition of
Term
Angiostenosis
Definition
Narrowing of blood vessel
Term
Angiography
Definition
Device to record a blood vessel using a dye.
Term
Angiospasm
Definition
Involuntary muscle of contraction of blood vessel.
Term
Cyanosis
Definition
Blue tinge of skin from lack of oxygen
Term
Aneurysm
Definition
Abnormal bulging of an arterial wall
Term
Angioma
Definition
Tumor of the blood
Term
Aortitis
Definition
Inflamation of the aorta
Term
Angioplasy
Definition
Surgical procedure inserting a balloon to unblock a vessel.
Term
Coronary Occlusion (clot)
Definition
Blockage in the heart only
Term
Sclero (sclera)
Definition
Hardening or thickening.
Term
Senosis
Definition
Narrowing
Term
Graphy
Definition
recording process
Term
Ion
Definition
process
Term
Endarterectomy
Definition
Removing the inner layer of an artery to remove plaque.
Term
Sphygmomanometry
Definition
Process of measuring afrterial blood pressure.
Term
ectomy
Definition
surgical removal
Term
Phlebectomy
Definition
Surgical removal of a vein.
Term
Phelbotomy
Definition
To poke a vein and remove blood.
Term
Coronary Artery Disease
Definition
General term for any disease of the artery of the heart.
Term
CPR
Definition
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
compression of the heart manually.
Term
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
Definition
Removing a blood vessel from one part of the body and using in place of a blocked artery in another part of the body.
Term
Angio
Definition
Blood vessel
Term
Cyan
Definition
Blue
Term
Sten
Definition
Narrow
Term
Cardi
Definition
Heart
Term
Aorta
Definition
Aorta
Term
Arter, arteri
Definition
Artery
Term
Scler
Definition
Thick or hardening
Term
Coron
Definition
Crown or circle:heart
Term
Tens
Definition
Pressure
Term
Isch
Definition
Hold Back
Term
Phleb
Definition
Vein
Term
Varic
Definition
Dilated vein
Term
Sphygm
Definition
Heart beat
Term
Vascul
Definition
Little blood vessel
Term
Atri
Definition
Atrium
Term
Blast
Definition
Ger; Bud; Developing cell
Term
Carcin
Definition
Cancer
Term
Cardi
Definition
Heart
Term
Ech
Definition
Sound
Term
Electr
Definition
Electricity
Term
My
Definition
Muscle
Term
Onc
Definition
Tumor
Term
Pect; Pector
Definition
Chest
Term
Pulmon
Definition
Lung
Term
Rhythm; RRhythm
Definition
Rhythm
Term
Sept
Definition
Wall or partition; putrefying
Term
Tampo
Definition
plug
Term
Ven
Definition
Vein
Term
Nentricul
Definition
Little Belly; ventricle
Term
A
Definition
Without; Absence of
Term
Bi
Definition
Two
Term
Brady
Definition
slow
Term
Tachy
Definition
rapid
Term
Endo
Definition
within
Term
Mal
Definition
Bad
Term
Neo
Definition
New
Term
Peri
Definition
around
Term
Ac
Definition
Pertaining to
Term
ADE
Definition
Process
Term
Dynia
Definition
Condition of pain
Term
Genic
Definition
Pertaining to producing; Formation
Term
Oma
Definition
Abnormal swelling; tumor
Term
Opsy
Definition
View of
Term
Plegia
Definition
Paralysis
Term
Megaly
Definition
Abnormally large
Term
Angina Pectoris
Definition
Chest pain due to lack of oxygen to the heart.
Term
Arrhythmia
Definition
Abnormal heart rhythm
Term
Braycardia
Definition
Slow heart rate, under 60 bpm
Term
Tachycardia
Definition
Fast heartbeat, over 100 bpm
Term
Palpitation
Definition
Pounding, racing, or skipping of a heartbeat.
Term
Cardiac arrest
Definition
The heart stops beating.
Term
Cardiac Tamponade
Definition
The heart is compressed when fluid surrounds the pericardium.
Term
Cardiomegaly
Definition
Abnormal enlargement of the heart.
Term
Fibrillation
Definition
Rapid contraction
Term
Myocarditis
Definition
Inflammation of the myocardium or muscle of the heart.
Term
Pericarditis
Definition
Inflammation of the ourter layer of the heart.
Term
Ausculation
Definition
Listening to the heart sound using a stethoscope.
Term
Flagella
Definition
Tail, help move bacteria cell to move.
Term
Pili, plural is fimbrae
Definition
Short projection not used for mobility but used for mating.
Term
Holter Monitor
Definition
Portable EKG monitor that is worn for 24 hours to collect heart data.
Term
Congestive Heart Failure
Definition
Left ventricle fails to pump enough blood to the tissues.
Term
Adhesions
Definition
"to attach" bacteria use to attach to a surface or together.
Term
ECG or EKG
Definition
Electrodes attached to the skin to detect and record electrical conduction of the heart.
Term
MI Myocardial infarction
Definition
Heart attack from sudden loss of blood supply.
Term
Biopsy
Definition
Removal of a small piece of tissue or liquid.
Term
Metastasis
Definition
The spreading process of cancer.
Term
Malignant
Definition
Life threatening tumor
Term
Benign
Definition
Non life threatening tumor.
Term
Angiography
Definition
Device to record artery of particular location
Term
Angioplasty
Definition
Surgical procedure inserting a ballon and stent to unblock a blood vessel.
Term
Endarterectomy ON TEST!
Definition
Removing the inner layer of an artery to remove plague.
Term
Sphygmomanometry
Definition
Process of measuring arterial blood pressure.
Term
Phlebectomy
Definition
Surgical removal of a vein
Term
Phlebotomy
Definition
To poke a vein and remove blood
Term
Coronary Artery Disease
Definition
General term to disolve any disease of artery of heart.
Term
CPR
Definition
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Use of manual chest compression to maintain circulation.
Term
Coronary Artery Bypass graft
Definition
Removal of a blood vessel from one part of the body and inserting it to bypass a blocked artery in another part of the body.
Term
Angina Pectoris
Definition
Chest pain because of low oxygen to heart.
Term
Arrhythmia
Definition
Abnormal rhythm of heart.
Term
Bradycardia
Definition
Slow heart rate under 60bpm
Term
Tachycardia
Definition
Fast heart beat over 100 bpm
Term
Palpitation
Definition
A pounding, racing or skipping heart beat.
Term
Cardiac arrest
Definition
The heart stops beating.
Term
Cardiac Tamponade
Definition
The heart is compressed when fluid surrounds the pericardiu.
Term
Cardiomegaly
Definition
Abnormal enlargement of the heart.
Term
Fibrillation
Definition
Rapid contraction.
Term
Myocarditis
Definition
Inflamation of the muscle layer (myocardium) of the heart.
Term
Angiocarditis
Definition
Inflamation of the heart and blood
Term
Fibrillation
Definition
rapid contraction of the heart.
Term
Hemorrhoid
Definition
Dilated vein in the anal area.
Term
Phlebitis
Definition
Inflammation of a vein
Term
Hypertension
Definition
High blood pressure
Term
Atherosclerosis
Definition
Plaue buildup on the artery
Term
Arteriosclerosis
Definition
Hardening of the artery
Term
Embolism
Definition
Blockage in artery from blood clot or air bubble or fat particle.
Term
Ischemia
Definition
Low blood flow to tissue
Term
Varicosis
Definition
Dilated vein
Term
Arteriopath
Definition
Any disease of the arteries
Term
Angiostenosi
Definition
Narrowing of blood vessel.
Term
Angiospasm
Definition
Involuntary muscle contraction of blood vessel.
Term
Cyanosis
Definition
Blue tinge of skin from lack of oxygen.
Term
Aneurysm
Definition
Abnormal bulging of an arterial wall.
Term
Angioma
Definition
Tumor of the blood.
Term
Aortitis
Definition
Inflamation of the aorta
Term
Coronary Occlusion
Definition
Blockage in the heart only.
Term
suffix Ion
Definition
process
Term
suffix graphy
Definition
recording process
Term
suffix senosis
Definition
Narrowing
Term
Angio
Definition
Blood vessel.
Term
Sclero or sclera
Definition
hardening or thickening.
Term
suffix Emia
Definition
Condition of the blood.
Term
Oma, Onc
Definition
Tumor
Term
suffix Osis
Definition
Condition of
Term
Angina Pectoris
Definition
Chest pain because of low oxygen to the heart.
Term
Arrhythmia
Definition
Abnormal rhytm of the heart.
Term
Bradycardia
Definition
slow heart rate, under 60 bpm
Term
Tachycardia
Definition
fast heart beat, over 100bpm
Term
Palpitation
Definition
A pounding, racing or skippin heart beat.
Term
Cardiac arrest
Definition
The heart stops beating.
Term
Cardiomegaly
Definition
Abnormal enlargement of the heart.
Term
Fibrillation
Definition
Rapid contraction.
Term
Myocarditis
Definition
Inflamation of the muscle layer (myocardium) of the heart.
Term
Pericarditis
Definition
Inflammation of the pericardium or outer layer of the heart.
Term
Ausculation
Definition
Listening to sound using a stethoscope.
Term
Holter Monitor
Definition
Portable EKG worn for 24 hours to collect data on the heart.
Term
Congestive Heart Failure.
Definition
Lt ventricle fails to pump enough blood to tissues and lungs.
Term
ECG or EKG
Definition
Electro cardiogram.
Electrodes used to detect and record electrical conduction of the heart.
Term
MI
Definition
Myocardial infraction.
Heart attack from sudden loss of blood supply.
Term
Biopsy
Definition
Removal of a small piece of tissue.
Term
Metastasis
Definition
The spreading process of cancer.
Term
Malignant
Definition
Life threatening tumor
Term
Benign
Definition
Non-life threatening tumor.
Term
Identify muscle location and action of Supinator muscle.
Definition
Location: Origin: Posterior surface of the lateral condyle of the hunerous and inserts into the posterior surface f the upper ulna and olecranin process. Function works with biceps and tricepts to supinate the hand.
Term
Explain function, location and action of the Extensor digitorum muscle.
Definition
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerous. Insertion is three middle fingers. Action to extend the three middle fingers.
Term
give location, function and action of the Anconeus muscle
Definition
location posterior surface of the lateral condyl of the humerous and inserts into the posterior surface of the uper unlan and olecranin process. function is to assist the tricept to extend the elbow.
Term
give the location, function and action of the extensor carpi radialis longus
Definition
location lateral supracondyler ridge of the humerus and inserts into the thumb.
function is abduct (out) the carpus/wrist.
Term
give the location, action and function of the extensor carpi unlaris muscle
Definition
location originates in the lateral epicondyle of the hunerus and posterior border of the unla and crossed the forearm to insert at base of the fifth metacarpal (pointer).
action is to adduct (in) the carpus/wrist.
Term
Supinator
Definition
Assists biceps supinate
Term
Anconeus
Definition
Extend the elbow, works with tricep, bicep
Term
Extensor digitorum
Definition
extend the filange (finger)
Term
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Definition
Function: Abduct (out) hand at the wrist.
Term
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Definition
Tendon to small finger.
Function: extend and adduct (in) the carpus/wrist.
Term
Emphysema
Definition
Elasticity of the lungs
Term
Pleuritis
Definition
Inflammation of the pleural membrane (visceral pleura).
Term
Pneumonia
Definition
Inflammatin of the soft lung tissue causing formation of fluid accumulation in the vili, therefore limited gas exchange of the lung.
Term
Pneumothorax
Definition
Abnormal presence of air or gas within pleural cavity causing the lung to be compressed. Known as "collaped lung".
Term
Aspiration
Definition
Taking out fluid or air with a needle.
Term
Nebulizer
Definition
A machine used to convert liquid medicine into vapors so it can be inhaled.
Term
Oximeter
Definition
A small device put on a finger to measure the oxygen level of the person.
Term
Rhinoplasty
Definition
Plastic surgery for the nose.
Term
Croup
Definition
Viral infectious disease obstructing the larynx
Term
Coryza
Definition
Common cold with runny nose.
Term
Bronchitis
Definition
Infammation of the bronchi
Term
Thoracentesis
Definition
Removing fluid from the thoracic cavity with a needle.
Term
Thoracotomy
Definition
Surgical incision into the chest wall
Term
Tracheotomy
Definition
Surgical incision of the trachea.
Term
Asphyxia
Definition
Absence of respiratory ventilation
Term
Sputum
Definition
Coughed up from lungs of blood, pus
Term
Blastoma
Definition
Tummor of immature cells
Term
Tumor
Definition
uncontrolled growth
Term
Ventilator
Definition
A device to help patient breath
Term
Carcinoma
Definition
Malignant tumor of the epithelial tissue
Term
Sarcoma
Definition
Tumor of the connective tissue
Term
Remission
Definition
Sumptoms of disease are at rest
Term
FNA Fine Needle Aspiration
Definition
removal of liquid or cell from a lump by a needle.
Term
ABG Arterial Blood Gases
Definition
Blood taken from the radial artery to measure oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
Term
Apnea
Definition
Inability to breath
Term
Dyspnea
Definition
Difficult breathing
Term
COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Definition
General term that describes any disease of the lungs that prevents air exchange.
Term
Epistaxis
Definition
Nose bleeding
Term
Hemoptysis
Definition
Coughing up and spitting out blood.
Term
Hemothorax
Definition
When blood pools within the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs
Term
Hyperaphea
Definition
Abnormal deep breathing.
Term
Hypoxi
Definition
Abnormally low levels of oxygen in the blood
Term
Glycogen to Sugar process
Definition
1. Epinephrine binds to protein I (B-Adrenergic receptor prtien).
2. B-adrenergic activates G-protein.
3. G-protein separates into 2 parts, Alpha w/GDP & Beta and Gamma
4. Alpha w/GDP is being replaced by GTP
5. Alpha GTP is activated and binds to Adenylyl cyclase.
6. Adenylyl cyclase breaks down ATP and converts it to CAMP (cyclase amp).
7. CAMP (cyclase amp) binds and activates protein kinase A.
8. Protein Kinase A activates phosphorylase.
9. Phosphorylase will put a P(pnospate) on glycogen and become glucose 6- P(phosphate).
10. Glucose leaves the liver and enters the blood.
Term
Cystic Fibrosis
Definition
Genetic disease that produces excess mucous production in the lung or pancreatic duct that is usually fatal by 30 years of age.
Term
RDS Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Definition
Collapse of the alveoli of the lung. Most common in children.
Term
PE Pumonary Embolism
Definition
A blood clot that blocks pulmonary circulation.
Term
SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Definition
A severe acute viral infection that causes alvelor damage and lung collapse.
Term
TB Tuberculosis
Definition
A bacteria infection of the lung in the soft tissue then a hard wall barrier that prevents any WBC from entering and destroying the bacteria.
Term
Where does the Sternohyoid attach and what is it's action?
Definition
Sternum bone to thyroid cartilage.
Depress larynx and hyoid bone.
Term
Name location of the Throhyoid muscle and its action.
Definition
Throid cartilage to hyoid bone.
Depresses the hyoid bone.
Term
Name the location and action of the Sternohyoid muscle
Definition
Sternum to hyoid. Sits under the sternocleidomastoid.
Depresses the larynx and hyoid.
Term
Name the location and action of the Sternothyroid muscle.
Definition
Sternum to thyroid.
pulls throid cartilege inferiorly.
Term
Name the location and action of the Scalene muscle
Definition
Connect from first two ribs to C3 -C4 or C5.
Action: Elevates first 2 ribs to increase thoracic cavity for breathing.
Term
What is Cranial nerve VII?
Definition
Cranial facial nerve.
Function: Taste for anterior 2.3 of tongue.
Term
What is Cranial Nerve IX
Definition
Glossopharyngl.
Taste for posterior 1/3 of tongue.
Term
What is Cranial nerve XII?
Definition
Hypoglossus.
Function is movement of the tongue.
Term
What is Cranial nerve V?
Definition
Trigeminal
V1 Opthalmic nerve
V2 Maxillary nerve
V3 Mandibular nerve
Term
Where is the Genioglossus muscle and what is its action?
Definition
Front of tongue - mandibular symphysis.
Action: Stick the tongue out.
Term
Where is the Geniohyoid muscle and what is its action?
Definition
Inner surface of mandible - hyoid bone.
Action: pulls hyoid bone superior and anteriorly.
Term
Burs
Definition
Purse or sace Bursa
Term
Kyph
Definition
Hump
Term
Lord
Definition
Bent forward
Term
Lith
Definition
Stone
Term
MY, myos
Definition
muscle
Term
Orth
Definition
Straight
Term
Ost, oste
Definition
Bone
Term
Ped, pod
Definition
foot
Term
Por
Definition
hole
Term
Scole
Definition
curved
Term
Ten
Definition
tendon
Term
trophy
Definition
development
Term
vertebr
Definition
vertebra
Term
A
Definition
without or absence of
Term
epi
Definition
upon, over above, on top
Term
Algia
Definition
condition of pain
Term
iatry
Definition
treatment or specialty
Term
itis
Definition
inflammation
Term
osis
Definition
condition of
Term
plasia
Definition
formation or growth
Term
plasty
Definition
surgical repair
Term
y
Definition
process of
Term
Orthopedic
Definition
Disease of skeletal and muscle
Term
Arthralgia
Definition
joint pain
Term
Genu Valgum
Definition
Angled knees. Bandilegged (bowlegged), knock-knees
Term
Craniel Nerve I Olfactory
Location and function
Definition
Location: Cribiform plate
Function: Smell
Term
Craniel nerve II Optic
Location and function
Definition
Location: Optic chasm
Function: Sensory vision
Term
Craniel nerve III Occulomotor
Location and function
Definition
Location: Superior orbital fissure
Function: eye movement.
Term
Craniel nerve IV Trochlear
Location and function
Definition
Location: Superior orbital fissure
function: Superior oblique and lateral rectus muscles of eye.
Term
Achondroplasia
Definition
Dwarfism
Term
Bunion
Definition
Abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe due to inflammation of the bursa.
Term
Fracture
Definition
broken bone
Term
Scoliosis
Definition
Lateral curvature of the spine
Term
Lordosis
Definition
Anterior curve of the lumbar region.
Term
Kyphosis
Definition
Upper thoracic curve of the spine bend posterior "humpback".
Term
Osteoporosis
Definition
Abnormal loss of bone density.
Term
Rickets
Definition
Lack of vitamin D resulting in softening of the bone.
Term
Osteomyelitis
Definition
Inflammation of the red bone marrow.
Term
Ostectomy
Definition
Surgial removal of bone.
Term
Craniel nerve V Trigeminal and three sub-branches
Location and function
Definition
V1. Opthalmic, superior orbital fissure.
V2. Maxillary - Foreamen rotundum.
V3 Mandibular - Foreamen ovale
Term
Craniel nerve VI Abducen
Location and function.
Definition
superior orbital fissure.
Move the lateral rectuc of the eye.
Term
Craniel nerve VII Facial
Definition
Internal auditory meatus.
Anterior 2/3 of tongue and facial expression.
Term
Craniel nerve VIII Vestibulochoclear
Definition
Internal gyroscope.
Internal auditory meatus
Term
Craniel nerve IX Glossopharyngeal
Definition
Taste for post 1/3 of tongue.
Jugular foreamen.
Term
Craniel nerve X Vagus
Definition
Everything.
Jugular foreamen.
Term
Craniel nerve XI Accessory
Definition
Sternocliedomastoid and trapezius
Jugular foreamen.
Term
Craniel nerve XII Hypoglossal
Definition
Movement of tongue
hypoglossal canal.
Term
Ostectomy
Definition
Surgical removal of a bone
Term
Osteoclasis
Definition
Deliberately break a bone to fix it.
Term
Podiatry
Definition
Medical specialty of foot health
Term
Arthralgia
Definition
joint pain
Term
Atrophy
Definition
Reduced muscle strength
Term
Dyskinesia
Definition
Difficult moving
Term
Cramps
Definition
Involuntary muscle contraction causing pain
Term
Hypertorophy
Definition
Abnormal increase in muscle size
Term
Myalgia
Definition
Muscle pain due to lack of oxygen
Term
Tenodynia
Definition
Tendon pain
Term
Arthrochondritis
Definition
Inflammation of cartilage in a synovial joint causing pain
Term
ia
Definition
condition of
Term
chondr
Definition
cartilage
Term
trophy
Definition
development
Term
dynia or plegia
Definition
condition of pain
Term
Bursitis
Definition
Inflammation of the bursa
Term
Fibromyalgia
Definition
Pain of muscle fibers
Term
Herniated Disk
Definition
Slip or rupture of an intervertebral disk
Term
Osteoarthritis
Definition
General disorder for inflammation and degeneration of joint
Term
Paraplegic
Definition
Loss and sensation of voluntary movement below the hips
Term
Quadriplegia
Definition
Loss and sensation of voluntary movement of all four limbs
Term
Rheumatoid arthritis
Definition
General term for auto immune disease where white blood cells attack the body's own joints.
Term
Rotator cuff injury
Definition
sits - supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, terres minor. injury to any one of the muscles.
Term
Sprain
Definition
stress or tear of a ligament
Term
Strain
Definition
stress or tear of a muscle
Term
Strain vs Sprain
Definition
Sprain - ligament
Strain - muscle
Term
Abrasion
Definition
Scraping, superficial wound
Term
Abcess
Definition
Local elevation of inflammed skin filled with puss/bacteria
Term
Cellulite
Definition
subcutaneous fat deposits
Term
icatrix
Definition
Scar, if elevated then it is a ketoid
Term
Comedo
Definition
pimple
Term
Contusion
Definition
Bruise
Term
Decubitus Ulcer
Definition
Ulcers on the body from laying on a surface too long. "Bed sores"
Term
Erythema
Definition
Redness of the skin due to infection
Term
Furnuncle
Definition
Ingrown hair
Term
Laceration
Definition
Injury caused by tear or cut by a sharp object.
Term
Macule
Definition
Freckle. Discoloration that is flat (not a bump)
Term
Nevus
Definition
Mole. Irregular dark color of the skin that is raised.
Term
Petechia
Definition
Rupture of small, tiny, blood vessels that look like red dots on the skin.
Term
Pruritus
Definition
Any dryness and itchyness of the skin. General term
Term
Verruca
Definition
Warts (from a virus).
Term
Acne
Definition
Bacterial infection in the sebaceous gland. Usually on the neck, back, face, chest.
Term
Alopeia
Definition
Hair loss
Term
Carbuncle
Definition
A cluster of boils that feels hot. Usually from Staphylococci - Staph
Term
Dermatitis
Definition
Inflammation of the skin
Term
Psoriasis
Definition
A bumpy scale like silvery looking lesion of the skin. Genetic
Term
Tinea
Definition
"ringworm" by a fungus infection that looks like rings on the skin.
Term
Pneumonia
Definition
Inflammation of the soft lung tissue that results in the formatin of fluid within the alveoli. This interferes with the exchange of gases.
Term
Orthopedic
Definition
The branch of medicine focusing on diseases of the skeletal and muscular systems and caused by infections, tumor, endocrine diseasee, and inherited disorders.
Term
Sputum
Definition
The expectorant that is coughed up from the lungs. It may contain mucus, inhaled particles, pus, or blood.
Term
Hemothorax
Definition
When blood pools within the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs.
Term
Hypercalcemia
Definition
Parathyroid produces too much parathyroid hormone (PTH) causing too much calcium in the blood.
Term
Hypoglycemia
Definition
Too much insulin ( sucking sugar)causing low blood sugar. Causes headache, weakness, tremors, hunger, anxiety, can lead to coma or death.
Term
Hyperthyroidism
Definition
Causing bulging eyes (exopthalmos), goiter, rapid heart rate and weight loss. Chronic: Graves disease.
Term
Hypothyroidism
Definition
causing slow heart rate, dry skin, low energy, weight gain. Cronic: Myxedema
Term
Pancreatitits
Definition
Inflammation of pancreas causing low production of insulin causing high levels of sugar in the blood.
Term
Hyperadrenalism
Definition
Adrenal cortex producing too much hormone causing Cushing Syndrome, obesity, hyperglycemia, round, moon face, muscle
Term
Diabetes Mellitus
Definition
The pancreas does not produce enought insulin to metabloize carbs. Will cause Kidney, nerve, eye damage and death.
Type 1 requires insulin replacement
Type 2 Appears during adulthood and can be controlled by diet and exercise.
Term
**Diabetes Insipidus**
Definition
Under secretion of ADH from pituitary. Symptoms of thirst and excessive pee.
Term
Cretinism
Definition
Not enough growth hormone at birth. Child will be short and mentally slow.
Term
Adenosis
Definition
Disease of any gland
Term
Polydipsia
Definition
Abnormal thirst from dissorders of pituitary gland or pancreas.
Term
Hirsutism
Definition
Excessive production of hair all over the body (ape like).
Term
Goiter
Definition
Abnormal enlargement of the Thyroid gland caused by tumor or lack of iodine in diet.
Term
Exophthalmos
Definition
Abnormal protrusion of the eyes. Cause excessive activity of thyroid gland.
Term
Acromegaly
Definition
Too much growth hormone from pituitary, especially in hand and face.
Term
Hormone
Definition
Chemical secretion from an endocrine gland.
Term
Endocrine System
Definition
Glands that release chemicals directly into the blood stream. Includes pituittary, thyroid, hypothalmus, parathyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreatic islets and gonads.
Term
Endocrine System
Definition
Glands that release chemicals directly into the blood stream. Includes pituittary, thyroid, hypothalmus, parathyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreatic islets and gonads.
Term
SLE Systemic Lupus Erythenatosus
Definition
Genetic disease showing a red butterfly shape rash and joint pain. Effects CT and all organs.
Term
HSV- Herpes Simplex virus
Definition
Deep blisters on the border of mucous membranes.
Term
Rhytidectomy
Definition
Plastic surgery to pull and cut out wrinkles
Term
Dermabrasion
Definition
Form of cosmetic surgery to sand down unwanted scar or elevation of the skin.
Term
Debridement
Definition
To clean out any dirt or foreign matter or unwanted tissue from a wound.
Term
Dermatitis
Definition
Inflammation of the skin
Term
Psoriasis
Definition
Bumpy scale like lesion with silvery looking come and goes. Genetic disease.
Term
Psoriasis
Definition
Bumpy scale like lesion with silvery looking come and goes. Genetic disease.
Term
Psoriasis
Definition
Bumpy scale like lesion with silvery looking come and goes. Genetic disease.
Term
Tinea
Definition
"ringworm" by a fungus infection looks like rings over the skin.
Term
Periapical xray
Definition
Shows entire tooth from the exposed crown to the end of the root and the bones that support the tooth.
USED for problems below the gun line, teeth, abscessed, cysts, tumors and bone changes....gum line tissue stuff!
Term
Occlusal xray
Definition
Show roof or floor of mouth.
Used to find extra teeth, teeth not broken thru gums, jaw fractures, a cleft in roof, cysts, abscesses or growth. Also used to find a foreign object.
Term
Panoramic x-ray
Definition
Broad view of the jaws, teeth, sinuses, nasal and temporomandibular joints. These xrays do not find cavities. They do show problems with impacted teeth, abnormalities, cysts, solid growths infections and fractures.
Term
Pituitary Dwarfism
Definition
Deficient growth hormone at birth
Term
Pituitary Gigantism
Definition
Too much growth hormone before adolescense
Term
RadioIodine Therapy
Definition
Used to destroy Thyroid tumor cells
Term
Thyroidectomy
Definition
Surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid gland
Term
FBS
Definition
Fasting Blood Sugar. Testing blood sugar after 12 hours of not eating.
Term
GH
Definition
Growth Hormone. Pituitary hormone that controls growth
Term
GTT
Definition
Glucose Tolerance Test. Sugar injected or taken orally and then blood sugar measured to dianos for diabetes mellitus
Term
HRT
Definition
Hormone Replacement Therapy
Synthetic hormones given to patient when endocrine glands produce insufficient levels. Post menopausal women.
Term
Pharmacist
Definition
Professional formally trained to formulate and dispense prescription drugs and other meds
Term
Pharmacology
Definition
The study of drugs and their sources, chemistry, sources and action within the body.
Term
Administration
Definition
Method in which drugs are provided to patient, orally, vaginally, rectally, topical or injection
Term
Adverse Reaction
Definition
A harmful reaction to an administered drug "side effects".
Term
Ampule
Definition
A small sealed tube containing a solution used for injection.
Term
Analgesic
Definition
Produces a reduced response to pain. Acedomenaphin, ibuprofin, morphine.
Term
Antacid
Definition
Neturalizes tomach acid.
Term
Antibiodic
Definition
Chemical substance derived from biological source such as mold or bacteria: inhibits gtowth of other microorganisms
Term
Anticoagulant
Definition
A drug that prevents or delays coagulation or clotting of blood.
Term
Antidepressant
Definition
A drug that counteracts depression
Term
Antidiarrheal
Definition
A drug that relieves symptoms of diarrhea often by absorbing water from large intestine (Imodium)
Term
Antiemetic
Definition
A drug to prevent nausea and vomiting
Term
Antihistamine
Definition
A class of dugs that inhibits histamines (allergic reactions
Term
Antihypertensive
Definition
A drug that reduces high blood pressure
Term
Anti-inflamatory
Definition
A drug that reduces inflammation of the body. example ibuprofin
Term
Antipsychotic
Definition
Counter acts symptoms of psychosis such as Schizophrenia, bipolar, add, adhd... any behavior disorders
Term
Epilepsy
Definition
Recurrent brain seizures
Term
Encephalitis
Definition
Inflammation of the brain
Term
Concussion
Definition
Soft tissue injury of the brain usually caused by shaking or blow to the head.
Term
Coma
Definition
Deep sleep, unconcious
Term
Coma
Definition
Deep sleep, unconcious
Term
Bell Palsy
Definition
Paralysis of the side of the face from damage to CN VII
Term
Bell Palsy
Definition
Paralysis of the side of the face from damage to CN VII
Term
Autism
Definition
Developmental disorder of withdrawl of social interaction.
Term
Neurasthenia
Definition
General body fatigue often associated with depression
Term
Neuralgi9a
Definition
Pain in a nerve.
Term
Convulsion
Definition
Involuntary muscle contraction
Term
D&C Dilation and Curettage
Definition
A spoon shpae instrument used to scrape the lining of the uterine endometrium for diagnostic procedure or abortion.
Term
TSS Toxic Shock Syndrome
Definition
Severe bacterial infection from using tampons
Term
PMS Pre menstrual Symptom
Definition
Any symptom relating to period including nervous, irritability, breast pain, edema, muscle cramps, headache
Term
PID Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Definition
Inflammation of the pelvic cavity and any or all organs in the cavity.
Term
ED Erectile Dysfunction
Definition
Inability to achieve an erection.
Term
Tubal Ligation
Definition
Cutting the fallopian tube to prevent sperm from meeting the egg.
Term
Pap Smear
Definition
A diagnostic procedure that screens for precancerous cervical disorders.
Term
Mastectomy
Definition
Surgical removal of part or all of breast.
Term
Mammography
Definition
Breast xray
Term
Hysterectomy
Definition
Partial or total removal of the uterus
Term
Vasectomy
Definition
Cutting the vasdeferens to block the flow of sperm
Term
Orchidectomy
Definition
Surgical removal of the testis.
Term
Digital Rectal
Definition
Exam inserting finger in rectum to feel for enlarged prostrate.
Term
Circumcision
Definition
Cutting the foreskin off from around the penis.
Term
Prolapsed Uterus
Definition
Uterus droops or falls downward into the vagina. Can be from trauma to the ligaments.
Term
OOphorapathy
Definition
Any disease of the ovary.
Term
Mastitis
Definition
Inflammation of the breast usually from bacterial infection.
Term
Leiomyoma
Definition
Benign fibroid tumor in the wall of the uterus
Term
Fibrocystic Breast Disease
Definition
One or more benign fibrous cysts develop within the breast tissue
Term
Endometriosis
Definition
Abnormal growth of the endrometrial tissue throughout female pelvic cavity, including uterus fallopian tubes, urinary bladder, peritoneum. It results in scarring, adhessions, pelvic pain.
Term
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Definition
Enlarged prostate gland. Causes frequent urination
Term
Priapism
Definition
Abnormally persistent erection of the penis accompanied by pain. Often because of a drug overdose.
Term
Cryptocrchidism
Definition
Undescended testicles 1 or both.
Term
Menorrhagia
Definition
Too much bleeding during period.
Term
Mastalgia
Definition
Abnormal breast pain.
Term
Dysmenorrhea
Definition
Abnormal pain during menstruation.
Term
Papilloma
Definition
Wart like lesion on the skin from HPV papilloma virus. STD "Genital warts".
Term
Oligosperma
Definition
Low sperm count. Usually 20 million if under 10 million it is considered low.
Term
Chancres
Definition
Small ulcer on the skin, usually on the penis when syphilis is contracted.
Term
Hydrocephalus
Definition
Increase ikn cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. Congenital disease
Term
Meningitis
Definition
Inflammation of the meningi in the brain.
Term
Meningocele
Definition
Protrusion of both the meningi and the spinal cord thru an opening in the spinal column.
Term
Narcolepsy
Definition
An uncontrolable episode of sleep.
Term
Poliomyelitis
Definition
Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord. Caused by Polio virus of causes paralysis in the legs.
Term
Rabies
Definition
A central nervous system infection caused by the bite of an infected animal.
Term
BiPolar
Definition
Mental disorder with alternating periods of high energy "mania" followed by low energy and depression.
Term
Dyslexia
Definition
A reading disorder with a neurological cause when the brain reverses the order of letters and numbers.
Term
Hydrocephalus
Definition
Increase in cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. Congenital disease
Term
Meningitis
Definition
Inflammation of the meningi
Term
Meningocele
Definition
Protrusion of both the miningi and the spinal cord thru and opening in the spinal colum.
Term
Narcolepsy
Definition
Uncontrolable episodes of sleep
Term
Poliomylelitis
Definition
"Polio" Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord casuing paralysis
Term
Rabies
Definition
A CNS infection cased by a virus transmitted by the bite of an infecdted animal.
Term
Anxiety Disorder
Definition
Mental state of apprehension.
Term
BiPolar
Definition
Mental disorder with alternating periods of high energy "mania" followed by low energy and depression.
Term
Dyslexia
Definition
A reading disorder neurological cause when the brain reverses the order of letters and numbers.
Term
Neurosis
Definition
An emotional disorder that involves counterproductive way of dealing with MENTAL STRESS
Term
Paranoia
Definition
Delusions
Term
Phychosis
Definition
Distortion of reality BiPolar, chemical imbalance
Term
CT Scan
Definition
3D image
Term
EEG Electroencephalography
Definition
Dianostic electrical impulses of the brain
Term
Lumbar Puncture
Definition
Withdrawl of CSF from the lumbar region of spine.
Term
ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder
Definition
Short attention span and hyperactive
Term
CP Cerebal Palsy
Definition
Partial muscle paralysis caused by brain injury before birth
Term
MS Multiple Sclerosis
Definition
Deterioration of the myelin sheath of nerves. Degenerative. Leads to paralysis and eventually death
Term
AD Alzheimer's
Definition
A genetic disease affecting people over 40 causing memory loss, dissorientation and confusion.
Term
PD Parkinsons Disease
Definition
Chronic degenerative brain disease "substancia Nigra" TREMORS, SHUFFLING GATE, RIGITITY
Term
PTSD Post Traumatic stress disorder
Definition
A condition or EVENT causing sleeplessness, anxiety, and paranoiaand mental stress like a war MILITARY COMBAT.
Term
CVA Cerebral Vascular Accident
Definition
"Stroke". Blood supply to the brain has been cut off.
Term
Pyel
Definition
prefix for Renal Pelvis
Term
Lith
Definition
prefix for "stone"
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