Term
Global Warming
How does global warming occur? |
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Definition
| Global Warming occurs from the polution of the atmosphere eating the ozone layer alowing the suns bad rays to enter the earth and raise sea levels. |
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Term
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Definition
| A colorless orderless gass produced by burning carbon and organic compounds by resporation. Oxygen compunds |
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Term
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Definition
| Greenhouse gases are gases in an atmosphere that absorb and emit radiation within the thermal infrared range |
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Term
Mantle
What is the feature and the size of this layer? |
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Definition
| One of the three main layers of the earth it consist of hot dense rocks about 2,900km thick |
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Term
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Definition
| The Earth's Crust is like the skin of an apple. It is very thin in comparison to the other three layers. The crust is only about 3-5 miles (8 kilometers) thick |
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Term
Inner and outer Core
What is the Feature and size of this layer? |
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Definition
Outer core contains iron, 10% sulpher and/or oxygen, and 2890-5150km in depth
Inner core is made of iron and 5150-6370 km in depth |
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Term
Asthenosphere
What type of materials is this made of? |
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Definition
| The asthenosphere is solid even though it is at very hot temperatures of about 1600 C due to the high pressures from above. |
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Term
Lithosphere
What type of waves can travel through this layer, and why? |
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Definition
| Seismic waves and surface waves can travel though this layer because they travel in an horizontal direction |
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Term
Convection Current
What are convection currents? |
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Definition
| are movements caused by temperature changes in liquids or gases. |
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Term
Theory of continental drift
What is the theory of continental drift and give the evidence of this theory? |
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Definition
| This was once a theory but was actually proven because of geographical similarities like pants, soil, and animals. |
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Term
Theory Of Plate Tectonics
WHat is the theory and the evidence that was given to prove this theory? |
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Definition
| Relative motions of, Earth's lithospheric plates. This theory is proven because of the gliding of the continents moving little inchs by year sometimes alot causing major damage |
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Term
Earthquakes
What causes earthquakes and where do they mostly occur? |
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Definition
| An earthquake is the shaking of the ground caused by an abrupt shift of rock along a fracture in the Earth, called a fult. |
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Term
Elastic Rebound Theory
Explain what it is
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Definition
| The elastic rebound theory is an explanation for how energy is spread during earthquakes As rocks on opposite sides of a fault are subjected to force and shift, they accumulate energy and slowly deform until their internal strength is exceeded. At that time, a sudden movement occurs along the fault, releasing the accumulated energy, and the rocks snap back to their original undeformed shape. |
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Term
ENERGY
When do two objects repel each other?
When do they attract? |
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Definition
| Objects repel eachother when their sides are both the same ether (-) and (-), objects attract when they are opposite like (+) and (-) |
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Term
ENERGY
What type of material is a good conductor? What is a good insulator? |
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Definition
| Copper is a good conductor and a good insulator is something like Silver |
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Term
| An object with equal amount of protons and electrons has a ________ charge. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the parts of a curcuit? |
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Definition
| Bulb, wire, switch, battery |
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Term
| Compare and contrast between series and parallel circuts |
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Definition
In a series circuit, the downstream wire of the first device is connected to the upstream wire of the second device. So the current has to flow through device one, then device two. Increase resistance.
In a parallel circuit, the upstream wires of the two devices are connected to each other, and the downstream wires of the two devices are connected. So, part of the current will flow through device one, and the rest of the current will flow through device two. Decrease resistance |
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Term
| Explain what happens to appliances if one burns out in series or in parellel circuit. |
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Definition
| In a series circuit if one light burns out the other one is automatically switched off, but in a parellel circuit the other bulb stays on. |
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Term
| What are the names of the terminals on a battery? |
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Definition
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Term
| Current is the rate at which charges move through a ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Whether or not charges will move in a material depends partly on how tightly _______ are held in the atom of the materials. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Ohm's Law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potencial difference across the two points. Introducing the constant of proportionality, the resistance one arrives at the usual mathematical equation that describes this relationship
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Term
| Who is wegner and why is he importnant to plate tectonics? |
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Definition
| He explained the formation, movement, and subduction of Earth's plates. He was a young German scientist. He was important because his hypothesis that all the continents were once joined together in a single landmass and since drifted apart was true. With lans features, fossils, climate, animals, and plants. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pangea was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras, forming about 300 million years ago. It began to break apart around 200 million years ago |
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Term
| What are magnetic strips and how do they change over time? |
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Definition
| Is one of the evidence of seafloor spreading, andoccures over 1-5 time every million years |
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Term
| Where is the continental crust the thickest on Earth? Where is it the thinnest? |
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Definition
| The crust is thickest under continents. The crust is thickest under Mount Everest. The crust would be the thinnest under places where there are no land structure. |
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Term
| Compare and contrast Oceanic crust and continental crust. Think density and thickness. |
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Definition
| Continental crust underlies the continents and is composed of granite rocks thickness about 35km. Oceanic crust the crust underneeth the ocean and is composed of basalt rock and thickness about 7 km. |
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Term
| Radioactive materials have unstable _______ ? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a Convergent Plate boundary? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happened at San Andreas Fault in California? |
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Definition
| At the San Andreas Fault zone the plates side against each other and because the North American plate moves only 3cm as year and the pacific plate moves 5, the North American plate laggs behind and every so often the plate jumps quickly to catch up withe pacific one causing an earthquake |
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Term
| What are convection currents? |
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Definition
| Convection is the movement of molecules within fluids (i.e. liquids, gases) and rheids |
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Term
| Where do most Volcanoes occur? |
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Definition
| Mostly around plate boundaries |
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Term
Natural Disaters
What does a seismograph measure? |
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Definition
| A seismograph measures the vibrations made when earth layers "move", such as the waves of movement during an earthquake. |
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Term
| How many seismographs do you need to find the epicenter? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a "P" wave? What types of material can it travel through? |
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Definition
| A P-Wave (Primary Wave) is a seismic wave or compression wave that travels through gases, elastic solids (like clay) and liquid (like water). It moves by vibrating the molecules next to it and continuing that vibration along down the line until it is dampened out. |
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Term
| What is a "S" wave? What types of material can it travel through? |
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Definition
| S waves are secondary waves that vibrate from side and side as well as up and down. S waves shake buildings violently and cannot move through liquids. |
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Term
What is a Surface wave? What types of material can it travel through? |
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Definition
| Surface waves are the slowest of the three waves. They cause the most damage because the kind of are thrown sideways and forward at the same time |
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Term
| What does a Richter Scale measure? |
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Definition
| Scale that measures the magnitude of earthquakes |
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Term
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Definition
| The lowest region of the atmosphere, extending from the earth's surface to a height of about 6–10 km the lower boundary of the stratosphere |
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Term
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Definition
| The layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 50 km above the earth's surface the lower boundary of the mesosphere |
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Term
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Definition
| The region of the earth's atmosphere above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere, between about 30 and 50 miles (50 and 80 km) in altitude |
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Term
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Definition
| The region of the atmosphere above the mesosphere and below the height at which the atmosphere ceases to have the properties of a continuous medium. |
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Term
| Where is the Ozone layer and why is it important? |
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Definition
| Ozone layer is around the earth protecting it from harmful UV rays from the sun. |
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Term
| How and why does carbon dioxide change the greenhouse effect in our atmosphere? |
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Definition
| According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, carbon dioxide is the most important of the greenhouse gases increased by human activity By changing your habits with respect to transportation, home energy use and even food choices, you can reduce your carbon dioxide contributions to climate change. |
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Term
| What are the three main types of clouds and what types of weather does each cloud bring? |
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Definition
| Stratus- -Low altitude and an overcast sky or fog is an example.. Cumulus-moderate altitude white puffy clouds . Cirrus-high altitude looks like hair in the sky and usually means fair weather , Cumulonimbus- These are puffy dark clouds that tower and are very tall.They usually bring thunderstorms. |
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Term
| Clouds will appear when the air temperature is equal to the __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Compair and contrast climate and weather. |
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Definition
| Weather is what conditions of the atmopsphere are over a short period of time, and, and climate is how theatmosphere behaves over relatively long periods of time. |
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Term
| What variable define a climate of a region? |
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Definition
| Air wind, air density, atmosphereic preasure, temperature and rain fall |
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Term
| Describe the water cycle using the terms precipitation, condensation, evaporation and transpiration. |
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Definition
| First would be evaporation of water, then that water evaporating will condensate into clouds called condensation, then would be transpiration, then percipitation (rain). |
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Term
| What is a front and what two factors make up a front? |
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Definition
| is the boundary between warm and cool (or cold) air when the warm air is replacing the cold air. Warm air at the surface pushes above the cool air mass, making clouds and storms. Warm fronts often bring stormy weather. Warm fronts often form on the east side of low-pressure systems where warmer air from the south is pushed north. |
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Term
| What is the difference between cold air mass and warm air mass? |
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Definition
| Cold and warm air mass an extremely large body of air whose properties of temperature and moisture content (humidity), at any given altitude, are fairly similar in any horizontal direction. |
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Term
| What does an isobar and an isotherm measure? |
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Definition
| Isobars and isotherms are lines on weather maps which represent patterns of pressure and temperature, respectively. They show how temperature and pressure are changing over space and so help describe the large-scale weather patterns across a region in the map |
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Term
| What is the difference between the terms continental, maritime, polar and tropical? Where do they come from and what masses do they make? |
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Definition
Continental arctic had extremely cold temperatures and very little moisture. These usually originate north of the Arctic Circle
Continenta polar has cold and dry, but not as cold as Arctic air masses. These usually form farther to the south. maritime polar Cool and moist. They usually bring cloudy, damp weather to the USA. Maritime polar air masses form over the northern Atlantic and the northern Pacific oceans. Continental tropical |
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Term
| How is thunder and lightning formed? |
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Definition
| Lightning is a flash of light created by electric discharge. Thunder is created by a rapid expansion of air |
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Term
| What characteristics are necessary to form a thunderstorm? |
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Definition
| moisture, rising/unstable air, and a lifting mechanism to force this rising air higher and faster. |
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Term
| How are hurricanes formed and how are they categorized? |
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Definition
| The storms form over warm ocean waters and sometimes strike land. When a hurricane reaches land, it pushes a wall of ocean water ashore. This wall of water is called a storm surge, which along with heavy rain can cause flooding, especially near the coast. A hurricane is categorized by its wind speed |
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Term
| How are tornadoes formed and categorized? |
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Definition
| Tornadoes are categorized according to the damage they cause, using the Fujita Tornado Intensity Scale |
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Term
| What types of air masses are necessary to create a tornadoe? |
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Definition
| Most often a warm, moist air mass collides with a cool air mass, a cold air mass, or both. |
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Term
| What is a convergent plate boundary? |
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Definition
| a destructive plate boundary (because of subduction), is an actively deforming region where two (or more) tectonic plates or fragments of lithosphere move toward one another and collide |
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Term
| What is a Transform fault boundary? |
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Definition
| a fault which runs along the boundary of a tectonic plate. The relative motion of such plates is horizontal in either sinistral or dextral direction |
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Term
| Which direction doeswind tend to turn in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere? |
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Definition
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Term
| What charateristics are necessary to create a blizzard? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does most of our energy come from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to the earth whe excess fossil fuels are burned? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is kinetic and potential energy? |
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Definition
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