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Vikings, Magyars, Saracens Europe unstable monarchs not able to protect citizens begging of feudal system |
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someone who was part of the feudal system gave lord military service and advice 850 |
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bound to the land owned small plot of land owed lord labor on his part of land also owed taxes |
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talked about the instability of europe talked about invasions and the inability of monarchs to protect their people Charles the Bald pays off invaders attaking Gaul famines in saxony |
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helped to create surplus and lead to the PIES devolpment in the high middle ages |
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Marriage, Confirmation, Baptism, Last Rites, Holy Ucharist, Holy Orders, pennance MUST DO THESE TO REACH SLAVATION |
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established the rites of the citizens of the town must pay lump sum to crown for rights they couyld elect there own reeves to collect the taxes the citizens can collect there own debts citizens rule as they see fit |
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barons forced King John to sign it established the rights of the citizens and limited the power of the king e.g. the king could not rtake movable goods without immidiate payment.
1215 |
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master of logic applied dialectics to the bible used logic to interpret the scriptures wrote Sic et non |
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studied optics and light believed that "one who understands optics and light understands the universal plan" fransiscan monk who studied in Paris and Oxford |
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emphasis on man himeself, his place in the world and the here and now |
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predominatly secular tone the church became more remote to the typical italian not athiest or peagan but more concerned with this life then next |
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renewed intrest in classical literature, art, and culture |
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historical self-Awareness |
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renisance citizens knew that they werein an age of rebirth they talked about the end of era's, "the fall of rome" and the dark age that followed |
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exemplafied the ideals of a rennisance artist sculpted david with was a embodiement of the 4 rennisance ideals |
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father of new humanism enthusiam for Cicero and admiration for Rome wished he had been born during antiqiuty loved classics for their own sake but also because he could use them to explain the morals in christianity |
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humanist wrote 900 conclusions and challenged anyone in Europe to debate him believed god had given freedom as a unique gift to man |
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educated in humanism; excellent education used promise of marriage to further her power religiously tolerant but MUST remain loyal to the crown first rennisance queen |
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