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ID Final
Viral infections
67
Architecture
5th Grade
12/05/2012

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Term
define epidemic
Definition
disease that goes over population in confined area
Term
define pandemic
Definition
disease that accumlates to pop over continent
Term
antigenic drift vs shift
Definition
drift: small changes in the virus over time. new virus strains not recognized
shift: abrupt major change, 2 strains make new subtype.
Term
herpes zoster is a reactivaiton of _
Definition
varicella zoster
Term
_/3 ppl will get shingles
Definition
1
Term
more cases of herpes zoster in ages >
Definition
60
Term
risk factros for shingles
Definition
older age
immunocompro
local trauma of spine
splenecotmy
family history of shingles
Term
after initial infection where does herpes zoster stay dormant in?
Definition
spinal ganglion cells
Term
reactivaiton of herpes zoster occurs when _ immunity loweers
Definition
cell mediated
Term
what 2 peripheral sensory nerves does herpes zoster travel on
Definition
trigeminal
thoracic ganglia
Term
how long can the prodrome of herpes zoster last?
Definition
hours to days
Term
symtpoms of herepes zoster prodrome- 6
Definition
burning, los of sensation, or knife like pain
headache, photophobia, fever
Term
with acute shingles pain occurs along?
-most common sites?
Definition
dermatomes
chest, abs, neck, eye
Term
in acute shingles the rash is _
Definition
unilateral
Term
postherpetic nueralgia defined as
Definition
pain 12 days after onset of rash or after cutaneous healing
Term
psot herpetic neuralgia pain descr as
Definition
stabbing, burning, electric
Term
incidence and duration of post herpetic nueralgia directly related to
Definition
patients age
Term
when do you treat patients for shingles? 2
Definition
mod/severe pain or age >50
Term
what type of med does NOT help post herpetic nueralgia
Definition
steroids
Term
2 types of shingles prevention
Definition
variciella vaccine
herpes zoster vaccine
Term
varicella vaccine prophylaxis:
dead/ alive?
attenuated/non attenuated?
how mnay doses? at what times?
how effective?
Definition
live, attenuated
2 doses- first 12-15 months, then 4-6 years
70%
Term
Zostovax:
dead/alive; attenuated?
same strain but _ x higher
effectivenes?
Definition
live attenuatedd
14
61% reduction for effective
Term
do not give zostovax to?
who is it reccomednded for?
Definition
children
immune competent, age >60
Term
how long does zostovax last?
Definition
4 years
Term
cytomegalovirus is a _ virus
Definition
beta herpes
Term
_% of US pop has CMV
Definition
50
Term
CMV lasts how long? what kind of symptoms?
Definition
lifelong, asymptomatic
Term
populations at risk for CMV
Definition
newborns
HIV- retinits
stem cell/organ transplant
Term
congenital CMV is one of the leadings causes of _
Definition
birth defects
Term
CMV in newborns can result in- 3
Definition
hearing loss, vision loss, retardation
Term
bc fo CMV risk- _ needs to be idenitfiied of donor and receipeint of trnasplant
Definition
serology
Term
CMV can also affect _ survivial in transplant
Definition
graft
Term
immunization available for CMV prevention?
Definition
none
Term
Meds available for CMV prevention-2
Definition
valganciclovir
ganciclovir
Term
what virus is the 7th leading cause of deaht in US?
Definition
influenza
Term
flu peaks during what months?
Definition
Dec-Mar
Term
what 2 classes of the flu are most common?
which develops in childhood?
which is more severe
Definition
A n B
C
A n B
Term
whcih type of flu also has surface glycoproteins?
what are they?
Definition
A
hemagluttin
neuramidase
Term
which glycoprotein is involved in host cell binding prior to flu virus entry
Definition
hemalguttin
Term
which glycoprotein is needed for flu virus rlease and propogation
Definition
neuramidase
Term
flu virus is carried from _?
_ tansmission can also occur
Definition
respiratory droplets
contact
Term
flu virus invades?
Definition
nasal epithelium
Term
how long is incubation for flu virus
Definition
1-2 days
Term
ppl at higher risk for flu complications-6
Definition
< 2 yrs
65+
preggo
AM. Indian
BMI>40
AGE<19 w/ aspirin
Term
signs of the flu in 50% of patients
Definition
fever, sore throat, cough
Term
influenza can also present as _
Definition
CAP
Term
what are the complications of influenza
-4
Definition
exacerbation of med condtion
bacteria superinfection
cardiac, seizure, muscles
thrombosis
Term
what is the Lab testing for influenza
-% os sensitivity?
% of specificity?
Definition
rapid point of service
60-80
90
Term
to confirm 2009 H1N1 need what test?
Definition
PCR
Term
when is rapid testins of flu not essential
Definition
if virus prevalent in community
Term
what is current recocmendation for flu vaccine?
Definition
universal
Term
flu vaccine reccomended for ages?
Definition
6 mo and older
Term
what are the 2 types of flu vaccines
Definition
trivalent inactivated;
live attenuated
Term
for the TIV:
how is it admin?
side effect?
Definition
IM
site pain
Term
FLu Zone high dose is what type of vaccine?
what age group is it for?
what is a con?
Definition
trivalent inactivted
65+
more side effects
Term
brand name of the LAIV?
admin?
what pop is it given to?
side effects? (2)
Definition
Flu Mist
nasal spray
healthy 2-49 yrs
sore throat, nasal stuffiness
Term
what is the new reccomednation about eggs allergy and the flu
Definition
if had hives or rash- get TIV and monitor for 30 min
Term
what drug class cannot be used to PREVENT symtpoms like pain and fever flu vaccine
Definition
antipyretics
Term
when is pharmacologic prophylaxis reccomended for influenza- 3
Definition
-high risk that cant get vaccine
-household w/ infected ppl
-long term care facility
Term
when should you not get prophylaxis for influenza
Definition
while developing response to LAIV (2 wks after admin)
Term
what are the reccomended pharm prophylaxis for influenza
Definition
TAMIflu-oselTAMIvir
relenZa-Zanamivir
Term
which pharm agents are not recocmended for flu prophylaxis
Definition
amandtadine
rimantadine
Term
How many hours of flu symtpom onset do you want to start treatment?
do you wait for lab result?
Definition
48 hrs
NO!
Term
when may treatment be beneficial for flu even after the reccomended hrs
-2
Definition
high risk or in severe
Term
what are the beenfits from treatment for flu
Definition
decreased duration
nasal shedding of virus
decrease severity
Term
patients who should get flu therapy?
(3)
Definition
hospitalized
severe, complicated illness
the list of ppl at higher risk of complication
Term
almost all flu type _ is resistant to older agents
ALL of type _ is resistant
Definition
A
B
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