Term
| what are examples of skull contents that influence intracranial pressure |
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Definition
| brain tumors, infarction with edema, subdural or subarachnoid hemorrhage that increases CSF production, deformation of brain tissue causing increase in ICP |
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Term
| how can cerebral blood flow influence ICP |
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Definition
| increased blood supply to the brain can can increase ICP. Low blood flow can cause tissue death/ischemia |
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Term
| describe autoregulation of ICP |
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Definition
| as cerebral perfusion pressure falls, there is immediate vasodilation of the cerebral resistance vessels, a fall in cerebrovascular resistance, and a rise in cerebro-blood volume; therefore, cerebral blood flow remains constant. And vice versa if cerebral perfusion pressure is too high. Overall, the cerebral blood vessels are able to change the flow of blood through them by altering their diameters. |
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Term
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Definition
| measure of pressure inside the cranium. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| mean arterial pressure = measure of the average blood pressure in one cardiac cycle |
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Term
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Definition
| MAP = 1/3 systolic BP + 2/3 diastolic BP |
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Term
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Definition
| measure of the net pressure gradient causing blood flow (perfusion) to the brain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| if MAP increases, what will happen to CPP |
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Definition
| increased MAP = increased CPP |
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Term
| if ICP increases, how does this affect CPP |
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Definition
| increased ICP = decreased CPP. This can be deadly in TBI |
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Term
| what is the recommended value of ICP to maintain health of brain tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the recommended value of CPP to maintain healthy brain tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| what are 2 methods used to monitor ICP |
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Definition
| camino bolt, extraventricular drain |
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Term
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Definition
| inserted into subarachnoid space, monitors ICP, but doesn't drain CSF |
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Term
| describe the extraventricular drain (EVD) |
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Definition
| inserted into lateral ventricle, measures ICP and drains CSF |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| how does an EVD affect PT treatment |
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Definition
| need to have EVD closed to get a true number of ICP. Need to get an ICP limit from the doctor to know when to stop treatment. |
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Term
| what are preferred methods for ICP reduction |
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Definition
| CSF drainage, elevate head to 30 deg, airway and ventilation control, sedation and analgesia, control fever, control HTN, prevent seizures |
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Term
| what are last resort ways to lower ICP |
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Definition
| heavy sedation/paralysis, hyperventilation, barbituate coma, hypothermia, decompressive craniotomy |
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