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ICE AGE
The Lost Vikings video
37
Geography
Undergraduate 2
12/03/2007

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Cards

Term
What is the world's largest island?
Definition
Greenland
Term
How long did the Vikings colonists flourish in Greenland?
Definition
5 centuries
Term
When did the Vikings disappear from Greenland?
Definition
1500
Term
According to the sagas, how big was the Viking empire?
Definition
Russia to Mediterrean to Greenland
Term
What did the Vikings call America?
Definition
Vineland
Term
Give 2 reasons as to why the Vikings abandoned Newfoundland?
Definition
Skirmishes with locals and difficulty obtaining supplies from Europe
Term
Who led the Viking colonists to Greenland and Newfoundland?
Definition
Eric the Red
Term
How did most of the Vikings in Greenland make their living?
Definition
Farmers
Term
How did the Vikings care for their animals during the severe Greenland winters?
Definition
Brought inside with them
Term
What gift did the Greenland Vikings send to the Pope?
Definition
Polar bear
Term
What gift did the Greenland Vikings want the Pope to send them?
Definition
A bishop
Term
What final celebration took place in 1408 in Greenland?
Definition
A wedding
Term

What happened to the man who had seduced a woman?

Definition
Burned at the stake
Term
List 4 theories that attempt to explain the Viking disappearance from Greenland.
Definition
1 - Plague; 2 - Kidnapped by pirates; 3 - Intermarried with Inuit; 4 - War with Inuit
Term
Based on the abundance of middle ear disease, what is a 5th theory?
Definition
Living conditions were getting worse
Term
Which part of the Viking population on Greenland experienced the highest death rates?
Definition

Young adult females

Term

Bones of what 2 animals were found in an abandoned kitchen (suggesting food scarcity)?

Definition
Elkhound and new born calf
Term
What type of flie were found in Viking homes after the weather turned colder?
Definition
Thermopolis flies
Term
What types of flies were found in Viking homes after the weather turned colder?
Definition
Flies that liked cold and living in the larder
Term
What room were the cold-loving flies living in, just before the houses were abandoned?
Definition
Bedroom
Term
Besides flies, what other proxy did scientists use to reconstruct climate in Viking period?
Definition
Ice cores
Term

What was the climate of Greenland like at A.D. 1000?

Definition
Fine, good weather
Term
What is deuterium?
Definition
A stable, naturally occurring hydrogen isotope. It is used as a moderator in the form of deuterium oxide or heavy water
Term

Which molecule evaporates easier: H20 with hydrogen-1, H20 with hydrogen-2?

Definition
H20-1; it's lighter
Term
During what period did the Vikings colonize Greenland?
Definition
Medieval Warm Period
Term
During what period did the Vikings abandon Greenland?
Definition
Little Ice Age
Term
What do oxygen-16/oxygen-18 ratios in Vikings teeth reveal?
Definition
Drop in surface temperature at the end of settlement
Term
What do the mud cores from lakes reveal?
Definition
Settlers overgrazed the land
Term
Why weren't Inuit peoples in Greenland also devastated by the Little Ice Age?
Definition
They quickly adapted; warm clothes; hunter/gatherers
Term
How did the Viking clothing show their failure to adapt?
Definition
Woolen clothing; height of fashion - but no function
Term
What do blow flies tell us about the differing fates of the Vikings and Inuits
Definition
Vikings went hungry; Inuits had plenty of food
Term
How do beetles show that the hay crop failed?
Definition
Beetle population dropped
Term

How did the Church contribute to the Vikings failure to adapt? (2 ways)

Definition
Inuit not Christians; Church controlled much of the land
Term
What was the Church's response to climate change?
Definition
Build bigger churches
Term
What is puzzling about the last settlements of the Vikings in Greenland?
Definition
No skeletons in the houses. What happened to last settlers?
Term
If some of the Vikings survived, where did they go? (2 possibilities)
Definition
Norway or America
Term
In Greenland, did the Viking culture display flexibility or rigidity?
Definition
Rigidity
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