Term
| What is somatropin? How is it made? Clinical applications? Tox? |
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Definition
| recombinant GH. Replacement in GH deficiency, for increased adult height in children with certain conditions associated with short stature, wasting in HIV syndrome, short bowel syndrome. Scoliosis, edema, gynecomastia, intracranial HTN, myalgia, arthralgia, CTS, increased CYP activity |
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Term
| What is mecasermin? Clinical applications? What does it also contain? Why? Tox? |
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Definition
| recombinant IGF-1. Replacement in IGF-1 deficiency that is not responsive to exogenous GH. Recomb ICGBP-3 to prolong half-life. Hypoglycemia, intracranial HTN, increased liver enzymes |
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Term
| What is octreotide? What are its effects? Clinical applications? Tox? How does lanreotide differ? |
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Definition
| Somatostatin analog, inhibits production of GH and to a lesser extent of glucogon, insulin and gastrin. Acromegaly and several other hormone-secreting tumors, acute control of bleeding esophageal varices. GI disturbances, gallstones, bradycardia, other cardiac probs. Lanreotide is long-acting for acromegaly. |
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Term
| What is pegvisomant? Clinical applications? Tox? |
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Definition
| GH receptor antagonist (blocks GH receps), acromegaly, increased liver enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
| extract of the urine of postmenopausal women that contains FSH and LH |
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Term
| What are the toxic effects of FSH and LH analogs? Which is used for infertility due to hypogonadism in men? |
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Definition
| Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancies in women, gynecomastia in men, headache, depression and edema in both sexes. FSH. |
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Term
| What is leuprolide? What happens with prolonged continuous administration? Clinical applications? Toxicity? |
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Definition
| GNRH analog, decreases LH and FSH secretion instead of increasing it. Ovarian suppression, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, central precocious puberty, advanced prostate cancer. HA, light-headedness, nausea, injection site reactions, hypogonadism with continuous treatment |
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Term
| What are goserelin, histrelin, nafarelin, and triptorelin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is ganirelix? What are the effects? Clinical applications? Tox |
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Definition
| GNRH receptor antagonist, reduces production of LH and FSH. Prevention of premature LH surges during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Nausea, HA. |
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Term
| What is cetrorelix? What is it approved for? |
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Definition
| GNRH receptor antagonist, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation |
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Term
| What are abarelix, degarelix? What are they approved for? What type of reactions can they cause? |
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Definition
| GNRH receptor antagonists, advanced prostate cancer, immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions |
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Term
| What is bromocriptine? Clinical applications? Tox? What is another drug of this class with similar effects? |
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Definition
| dopamine agonist, activates D2 receps, for tx of hyperprolactinemia and parkinson's disease. GI disturbances, orthostatic hpotension, HA, psych disturbances, vasospasm and pulm infiltrates in high doses. cabergoline. |
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Term
| What is atosiban? Clinical applications? Tox? |
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Definition
| oxytocin recep antagonist, toxolysis for preterm labor, concern about rates of infant death. |
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Term
| What is desmopressin? What receps does it preferentially activate? Clinical applications? Tox? |
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Definition
| vasopressin receptor agonist, V2 more than V1. DI, hemophila A and VWD. GI, HA, hyponatrmia, allergic |
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Term
| What is conivaptan? Clinical application? How does tolvaptan differ? |
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Definition
| antagonist of vasopressin V1a and V2 receptors, hyponatremia in hospitalized pts. Similar but more selective for V2 receps. |
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