Term
|
Definition
Reduce volume
Prevent sodium reabsorption |
|
|
Term
| Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors II |
|
Definition
Weak diuretics
Acetazolamide
Dorzolamide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
PO, IV
Well absorbed
Onset: 30 mins
Peak: 2 hours
Excreted renally |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Glaucoma
Urinary alkalinization
Metabolic alkalosis
Mountain sickness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
PO,IV
Most powerful diuretics
inhibit sodium reabsorption in ascending limb of the Loop of Henle
Well and rapidly absorbed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Furosemide
Ethacrynic acid- not a sulfa
Bumetanide
Torsemide |
|
|
Term
| Which loop diuretic is absorbed the fastest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adverse effects of Loop Diuretics |
|
Definition
Hypovolemia
Hypokalemia
Metabolic alkalosis
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
Hyperurecemia
Ototoxicity- when given by rapid injection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Acute pulmonary edema
Hypercalcemia
CHF maintenance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Blocks sodium reabsoprtion in distal tubule
Sulfa derivative
Renal function must be normal to function, CrCl > 30 |
|
|
Term
| Adverse effects of Thiazides |
|
Definition
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypertriglyceridemia
Hyperglycemia
Hyperurecemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
end in -zide or -one
max daily dose is 25mg |
|
|
Term
| Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) |
|
Definition
most commonly used
50mg is max dose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Potassium Sparing Diuretics |
|
Definition
low potency
Spironolactone
Triamterene
Amiloride |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hyperkalemia
Metabolic acidosis
Antiandrogenic effects (only Spironolactone) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
reduces intracranial pressure
Mannitol |
|
|
Term
| People with renal dysfunction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Limited dosing
Fluid and electrolytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Decreased glucose control
Hypertriglyceridemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
reduce blood pressure
Negative chronotropy and inotropy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Propanolol-non specific
Atenolol, Beta 1
Metoprolol, Beta 1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1st line HTN, especially diabetics
less effective in blacks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cough
renal dysfunction
hyperkalemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
end in -pril
Captopril has shorter duration of action so must use 2x/day |
|
|
Term
| Angiotensin II Blockers (ARB) |
|
Definition
similar to ACEI, not as effective
No cough
ends in -tan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
decrease renin production
use of pt doesn't respond to ACEI or ARB
Aliskiren
SE: HA, dizziness, diarrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vasodilates
2nd line
Good for person w/ hyperlipidemia
end in -sin |
|
|
Term
| What do you use for pregnant women w/ HTN? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Verapamil, non-DHP
Diltiazem, non-DHP
Dihydropyridine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
end in -pine
long actin preps worl well in HTN |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sustained release preps (don;t crush)
XL and CC, long 1/2 life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| once a day drug, long 1/2 life, can crush |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
#1 drug- Thiazide diuretics
#2 drug-ACEI, ARB, CCBs
#3 drug-B-blockers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
#1 drug: Diuretics
#2 drug-ACEI, ARB, CCBs
#3 drug-B-blockers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Asthmatic w/ diabetes in stage 1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
140/90 after 20 weeks with protenuria
Mg sulfate IV
Definitive tx: birth |
|
|
Term
| Vasodilators for Hypertensive Emergencies |
|
Definition
Nitroprusside (ICU)
Nicardipine
Nitroglycerine (ICU)
Enalaprilat
Hydralazine |
|
|
Term
| Adrenergic Inhibitors for HTN Emergencies |
|
Definition
Labetalol
Esmolol
Phentolamine (ICU) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
120-139 80-89
lifestyle recommendations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
140-159 90-99
start w/ 1 med (usually diuretic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
