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Hypertension Diuretics
Hypertension Diuretics
29
Pharmacology
Professional
09/08/2012

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Cards

Term
Loop diuretics are most likely used in what?
Definition
Heart Failure
Term
Are loop diuretics potent fluid depletors and if so, why?
Definition

Loops cause more sodium excretion and are thus more potent fluid depletors (greater water loss), which provide benefit in HF.

Term
Are loop diuretics potassium depleting?
Definition
Yes. They waste much more potassium than thiazides.
Term
Do loop diuretics have an associated toxicity?
Definition
Yes, ototoxicity (auditory damage/hearing loss)
Term
What do loops normally require regarding supplements?
Definition

Loops usually require potassium supplements (potassium ext-release, or Klor - Clon).

Term
Where do thiazides work in the body?
Definition

distal convoluted tubule of the nephron

 

Term
The long-term blood pressure lowering effect of thiazides is thought to be due to?
Definition
vasodilation (decrease in resistance)
Term
Where do loop diuretics work in the body?
Definition

ascending loop by blocking sodium reabsorption - this causes water to follow sodium into the urine, resulting in volume depletion

Term
Are potassium-sparing diuretics effective (as thiazides and loops) and are they used as monotherapy for BP?
Definition

No. Potassium - sparing diuretics are not as effective and are not used as monotherapy for BP

Term
potassium-sparing diuretics are normally in combo with what class of medication and why?
Definition

Potassium sparing diuretics are used in combo with hydrocholorothiazides (Maxzide/Dyazide) to counter thizide's mild potassium loss and help (a little) with BP

 

Term
The risk of using potassium - sparing diuretics?
Definition
Hyperkalemia
Term

Spironolactone and eplerenone and are used for HF (and HTN) - and increase potassium is a considerable risk with these agents. 

Definition
Statment. Not a question.
Term
Name the generic names of thiazides?
Definition

Chlorothizide

Chlorthalidone

Hydrochlorothiazie

Indapamide

Metolazone

Term
Brand name for chlorothiazide
Definition
Diuril
Term
Brand name for chlorthalidone
Definition
Thalitone
Term
Brand name for Hydrochlorothiazide
Definition
Microzide - capsule, Oretic
Term
Brand name for Indapamide
Definition
Lozol
Term
Brand name for Metolazone
Definition
Zaroxolyn
Term
Do thiazides increase or decrease blood uric acid levels?
Definition
Increase
Term
Do thiazides increase or decrease lipids?
Definition
Increase lipids (increase CH & TG)
Term
Do thiazides increase or decrease blood sugar?
Definition
Increase
Term
Do thiazides increase or decrease calcium levels?
Definition
Increase
Term
Do thiazides increase or decrease sodium levels?
Definition
decrease
Term
Do thiazides inrease or decrease magnesium levels?
Definition
Decrease
Term
Photosensitivity associated with thiazides?
Definition
Yes
Term
What type of allergy is associated with thiazides?
Definition
Sulfa Allergy
Term
Thiazides may not be as effective if CrCl < ___ ml/min
Definition
30 ml/min
Term
Which thiazide is usefull in renal failure?
Definition
Metolazone
Term
[image]
Definition
Statement. Not a question.
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