Term
| What is dentin hypersensitivity? |
|
Definition
| pain arising from exposed dentin, typically in response to external stimuli which can't be explained in any other form of dental disease |
|
|
Term
| Is dentinal hypersensitivity chronic or episodic in nature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How common is denintal hypersensitivity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many perio patients have dentinal hypersensitivity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many patients with dentinal hypersensitivity get treatment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the most common teeth to have dentinal hypersensitivity with? |
|
Definition
-canine
-first premolars
-incisors
-second premolars
-molars |
|
|
Term
| Is dentinal hypersensitivity more common on the left or right side? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can cause loss of cementum? |
|
Definition
| abrasion, erosion, dental caries, scaling, polishing |
|
|
Term
| Dentinal hypersensitivity BLANKS with age. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why does dentinal hypersensitivity decrease with age? |
|
Definition
1.reduction in size of pulp chamber
2.increase in secondary dentin formation
3.decrease in vascularity and the number of pulpal nerve |
|
|
Term
| What are some types of pain stimuli? |
|
Definition
-mechanical
-chemical
-thermal |
|
|
Term
| How much of the dentin is fluid? How big are the tubules? |
|
Definition
-25% fluid
-2.5 microns at pulp, 0.8 microns at cementum side |
|
|
Term
| What is Brannstorm's Hydrodynamic? |
|
Definition
| pain stimuli that causes fluid in dentinal tubules to move thus triggering the nerve receptor |
|
|
Term
| What do patients with hypersensitivity exhibit and lack? |
|
Definition
| exhibit open dentinal tubules and lack a smear layer |
|
|
Term
| According to Brannstorm's Hydrodynamic what is the perception of pain modified by? |
|
Definition
| systemic mechanisms withing the individual and the patient's ability to produce natural pain killers like endorphins |
|
|
Term
| What are some things that can cause disconfort? |
|
Definition
-perio debridement
-carious lesions
-cracked tooth
-recent restorations
-defective restorations
-endodontic lesions |
|
|
Term
| How is hyperocclusion determined? |
|
Definition
| by checking the occlusion with marking paper and feeling the tooth for fremitus |
|
|
Term
| What is the most effective therapy for hypersensitivity? |
|
Definition
| occlusion of dentinal tubules (precipitation ions inserted into dentinal tubules cauing crystal formation) |
|
|
Term
| What is another treatment for hypersensitivity? |
|
Definition
| calming nerve transmission (depolarization) |
|
|
Term
| Where does CeJ exposure usually occur? |
|
Definition
| at the cervical margin of the facials |
|
|
Term
| WHat does sinusitis cause? |
|
Definition
| nasal congestion and drainage and a sense of pressure in the sinus area |
|
|
Term
| What are some ways to occlude dentinal tubules? |
|
Definition
-varnishes/liners
-fluorides |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| precipating ions in to tubules causing intratubular crystal formation <-- used to treat hypersensitivity |
|
|
Term
| What is stannous fluoride? |
|
Definition
-used for treatment if sensitivity
-occludes tubules with tin, also antibacterial
-gel applied to sensitive area for 1 min, let sit for 5 |
|
|
Term
| How long do you have to do treatments with stannous fluoride to be effective? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does sodium fluoride help with sensitivity? |
|
Definition
| fluoride precipitates occlude dentin tubules |
|
|
Term
| How much has sodium fluoride been shown to reduce sensitivity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oxalate crystals penetrate deep down the tubules interacting with calcium ions to form calcium oxalate cyrstals |
|
|
Term
| How effective has oxylate been shown to be? |
|
Definition
| 97.5% reduction in dentinal sensitivity |
|
|
Term
| How do you apply oxylate? |
|
Definition
-etch the tooth surface for 15 seconds
-apply solution and rinse
-apply adhesive
-use gentle stream of air to evaporate solvent |
|
|
Term
| How does calcium phosphate work to fix sensitivity? |
|
Definition
| occludes tubules by calcium phosphate precipitate |
|
|
Term
| How quickly calcium phosphate work? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the technique for applying calcium phosphate? |
|
Definition
-clean and dry tooth
-apply with cotton pellet for 5-10 secs, repeat with second solution
-do not rinse or anything for 15 mins after the procedure |
|
|
Term
| How does glutaraldehyde/HEMA (hydroxy ethyl methacrylate) work? |
|
Definition
-inhibits growth of bacteria
-precipitates plasma proteins to seal dentinal tubules to prevent fluid shifting |
|
|
Term
| How much has glutaraldehyde/HEMA (hydroxy ethyl methacrylate)been shown to reduce sensitivitiy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is glutaraldehyde/HEMA (hydroxy ethyl methacrylate) applied? What should it be kept away from? How long does it last? |
|
Definition
-small brush in rubbing motion
-wait 30 secs and dry with stream of air
-MUST BE KEPT AWAY FROM SOFT TISSUES
-effect may last 6 months |
|
|
Term
| How does strontium chloride(10%) work? |
|
Definition
| blocks dentin tubules to reduce tactile sensitivity |
|
|
Term
| How effective is strontium chloride(10%)? |
|
Definition
| 93.6% pts show improvement after 1 month, other studies show little benefit |
|
|
Term
| How is strontium chloride(10%) applied? How long does it last? |
|
Definition
-isolate and clean tooth surface
-apply with brush applicator
-lasts for weeks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
combined therapy of-
potassium nitrate + sodium fluoride + Hema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
combination-
calcium oxylate + potassium nitrate |
|
|
Term
| What are some forms of surgical intervention used to treat hypersensitivity? (2) |
|
Definition
-gingival grafting
-lazers |
|
|
Term
| What are some different types of gingival grafts? |
|
Definition
-connective tissue grafts
-pedicle grafts
-gingival autografts and allografts |
|
|
Term
| Do lazer therapies work well? What does this form? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a home-care cause of sensitivity? |
|
Definition
| accumulation of plaque on exposed dentin is causing pain |
|
|
Term
| What is something patients can do at home to help with sensitivity? |
|
Definition
| use a sensitivity toothpaste, can apply small amount before bed after brushing |
|
|
Term
| What are some specific products that patients can use to help with sensitivity? |
|
Definition
-fluoride rinse or gel
-MI paste-amorphous calcium phosphate |
|
|
Term
| What are 3 ADA approved dentifrice ingredients have help with sensitivity? |
|
Definition
-10% strontium chloride
-5% potassium nitrate
-2% dibastic sodium nitrate |
|
|
Term
| How long may desensitizing toothpaste take to work? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are 2 types of desensitizing toothpastes? |
|
Definition
-potassium nitrate(5%)
-strontium chloride(10%) |
|
|
Term
| How does potassium nitrate work? |
|
Definition
| -K+ ions penetrate the length of dentin tubule & block repolarizating of the nerve ending |
|
|
Term
| what are some actual brand the ADA has accepted as desensitizing toothpastes? (4) |
|
Definition
-Crest Sensitivity protection fluoride
-Orajel Sensitive pain
-Colgate sensitive max strength
-protect sensitive |
|
|
Term
| What are some additional home therapies for sensitivity? (2) |
|
Definition
-7.5% Novamin(release calcium phosphate ions to occlude tubules)
-Sensistat(Arginine bicarbonate/ca carb solution, seals tubules) |
|
|
Term
| Is one treatment usually effective again sensitivity? |
|
Definition
| no, it usually takes many and they build up |
|
|
Term
| Professional treatment is not effective without good BLANK. |
|
Definition
| Professional treatment is not effective without good home-care |
|
|
