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Hyperlipidiemias
Mechanisms and Side Effects
12
Pharmacology
Professional
01/29/2010

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Cards

Term
Lovastatin
Definition
Mechanism-inhibits the rate limiting enzyme in cellular synthesis of cholesterol- HMG CoA reducates and causes an increase of LDL receptors on cells-more LDL sucked out of circulation causes decease in VLDL and triglycerides
S.E.- rash, GI upset, headache *mysoitis (muscle pain) and in rare cases rabdo myolysis- breakdown of muscle
Term
Niacin
Definition
Mechanism-inhibits enzyme that's essential for LDL, triglyceride synthesis- causes an inc. in HDL
S.E.- cutaneous flushing and itching (blocked by aspirin)
Term
Cholestyramine
Definition
Mechanism-highly charged cationic resins irreversibly binds to bile acids and causes dec. in cholesterol absorption- required cholesterol to synthesize new bile acids
S.E.- not systemic- because not absorbed, binds a variety of other molecules and can cause GI upset
Term
colestipol
Definition
Mechanism-highly charged cationic resins irreversibly binds to bile acids and causes dec. in cholesterol absorption- required cholesterol to synthesize new bile acids
S.E.- not systemic- because not absorbed, binds a variety of other molecules and can cause GI upset
Term
coleselevam
Definition
Mechanism-highly charged cationic resins irreversibly binds to bile acids and causes dec. in cholesterol absorption- required cholesterol to synthesize new bile acids
S.E.- not systemic- because not absorbed, binds a variety of other molecules and can cause GI upset
Term
gemfibrozil
Definition
Part of group called Fibrates which are the most effective triglyceride lowering agents
Mechanism-binding PPAR receptor-migrates to nucleus and inc. lipoprotein lipase transcription
S.E.- nausea and diarrhea
Term
fenofibrate
Definition
Part of group called Fibrates which are the most effective triglyceride lowering agents
Mechanism-binding PPAR receptor-migrates to nucleus and inc. lipoprotein lipase transcription
S.E.- nausea and diarrhea
Term
ezetimbe
Definition
Mechanism-blocks cholesterol transporters in the gut
S.E.- flatulence
Term
sitostanol
Definition
Mechanism- dec. cholesterol absorption
Term
orlistat
Definition
mechanism- inhibits pancreatic lipase
Term
olestra
Definition
Mechanism- fat substitute S.E. anal leakage
Term
Omega 3 fatty acid
Definition
Mechanism- dec. triglyceride synthesis, inc HDL
S.E.- flatulence, G.I. upset
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