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| Sophisticated social/political system that united the territories of five Indian nations. Led by Hiawatha, everybody died. |
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| when the Vikings went over to Greenland and Canada |
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| first European explorer in the Americas |
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| exchange of culture, livestock, and disease from Europe to the Americas |
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| divided the newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal on a meridian west of the Cape Verde Islands. Eastern lands went to Portugal, Western lands went to Spain. Spain got most of the Americas, while Portugal got some of Asia and Africa and what is now Brazil. |
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| fought for the rights of slaves in the Americas and opposed the treatment of Indians by Europeans (opposed the encomienda) |
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| allowed the government to give Indians to certain colonists in return for the promise to try to Christianize them all. It was essentially slavery. |
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| Spanish explorers who brought the Americas into Spanish control starting in the 1500's. Thought they were doing God's will. |
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| Aztec chieftain when Cortes conquered the Aztecs. King of Tenochitlan. |
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| An anti-Spanish idea that all the Spanish did was kill and torture the Indians |
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| most famous "sea dog", who was knighted by Queen Elizabeth for plundering a Spanish ship |
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| launched important colonizing failures in the New World. Drake's half brother. Explored Carolinas and Virginia. |
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| fleet of Spanish ships that was said to be invincible; it was dominated in 1588 by the English marking the beginning of the Spanish decline |
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| a joint-stock company that was supposed to make a profit; received a charter from King James I that guaranteed overseas settlers the same rights they would have had had they stayed home. Captain was John Smith. |
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| first English settlement in the New World, settled in 1607, named for King James. They were forced to move up the James river because they were attacked by Indians. |
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| New governor of Jamestown, imposed a harsh military regime on the colony, and undertook aggressive military action against the settlers. |
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| Indian leader of Powhatan's confederacy, father of Pocahontas |
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| Impact of European contact on Native Americans |
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| Unprecedented demographic and cultural transitions. Many died of smallpox. |
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| Virginian tobacco became the main product of Virginia, and is the reason Virginia became economically sound. John Rolfe was the founder of this. |
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| founder of Maryland, who wanted to make money and wanted a refuge for fellow Catholics |
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| Maryland's religious statute, guaranteed toleration to all Christians, and death to Jews and Atheists because they denied the divinity of Jesus |
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| foundation of the West Indian economy; could be planted excessively, unlike tobacco. Sugar was valuable but required extensive labor. |
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| Barbados Slave Code (1661) |
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| denied fundamental rights to slaves and gave masters complete control over them |
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| Traits of the colony of North Carolina |
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| democratic, open minded, not very aristocratic, tobacco, some slaves, many Indian wars |
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| intended to serve as an English buffer colony to protect the Carolinas from Spaniards in Florida and French in Louisiana. Called the "charity colony". Initially opposed slavery, which hindered the economy. |
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| broke ties with Catholic Church, became head of the Church of England. Puritans felt his church was not different enough from the Catholic church. |
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| set a precedent for written constitutions, although it was merely an agreement to form a crude government and submit to the will of the majority |
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| colony in modern-day Massachusetts founded by the Pilgrims |
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| settlement in Massachusetts. 20,000 people came during the "Great Migration" |
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| Rhode Island, "the traditional home of the otherwise minded". Home for outcasts and misfits. Roger Williams went and established freedom of religion. |
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| Constitution of the Connecticut River colony, with a regime democratically controlled by the "substantial" citizens. |
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| Indians that celebrated the first Thanksgiving with the Pilgrims. However as time wore on Indians and whites began fighting more and more. |
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| War between New Englanders and Indians, led Metacom, aka King Philip |
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| New England Confederation |
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| four Puritan colonies banded together (Massachusetts colonies and Connecticut colonies). Rhode Island and Maine were blackballed because they were known for taking heretics. |
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| Union of New England colonies, only this time it was imposed by London |
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| English military man criticized for his affiliation with the Church of England. Supported the glorious reunion; attempted to flee in a dress but was given away by his boots. |
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| New Netherland/New Amsterdam |
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| Dutch Colony on the Hudson River/modern day New York city. The Dutch also acquired Manhattan for a few worthless trinkets. |
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| Swedish colony that was overtaken by New Netherland |
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| Religious Society of Friends |
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| Quakers, a group of dissenters, who refused to support the Church of England with taxes. Refused to take oaths, refused military service |
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| English who became a Quaker who wanted to establish an asylum for other Quakers, got a large piece of land from the King and named it Pennsylvania. Founded Philadelphia with lots of careful planning. |
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| literal translation of Pennsylvania |
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| they allowed anyone to share their land |
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| New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania. Very industrious. "Most American part of America". |
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