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| Any vertical arrangement of things by rank or importance. They are a way of life; the medieval worldview views the universe as rigid and unchanging. |
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| date of "hierarchy" in the later middle ages |
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| is the "period of balance" |
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| example of hierarchy in religion |
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| Medieval Catholic church developed into a powerful hierarchy |
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| example of hierarchy in architecture |
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Definition
| Verticality of the gothic cathedral reflects hierarchal power and authority. |
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| examples of hierarchy in political and social structures |
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Definition
Medieval society was divided into "3 estates"
1)kings
2)commoners
3)the church |
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| 3 stages of the afterlife |
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Definition
1)inferno
2)pergatory
3)paradise |
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- Adventure stories (novels) tht sometimes included romantic plots
- Ex:Arthurian Romance; Holy Grail; Tristan and Isolde
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rigid hierarchy means......
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| that no one can change their position |
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| They were a series of military adventures in which the medieval Christendom tried to win back the Holy Land from the Muslims. |
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| only "successful" crusade in that Jerusalem was captured and held for a generation |
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Definition
| first crusade (1096-1099) |
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| mounting a Crusade involved tapping into the resources of both Church and State, political tensions were greatly increased. What kind of impact is this? |
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| Rediscovery of classical texts from the Arabs is known as what type of impact? |
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| ........ impact is when trade routes were opened up with the Middle East |
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| ......... Impact was the growing affluence and emergence of the middle class. |
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Definition
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| What is the most significant thing to know about the emergence of the western culture? |
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Definition
| the emergence of the middle class |
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Term
| the 3 ways of identifying a "paradigm" |
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Definition
1) structured sets
2) "worldview" in that its a structure you can plug info into to get answers from
3) Think of it as a software program in which you key in data to get usable info from it |
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| what does the culture-epoch theory predict? |
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Definition
| that chaos will follow balance |
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| what century is thought to be the worst? |
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| 10% of population died in ........ |
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Definition
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| ...... killed 30% of the population |
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| What does the formula for Greek Humanism begin with? |
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Definition
| introspection (self-discovery) |
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| Who stated "know thyself"? |
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Definition
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| the formula for Greek Humanism ends with what? |
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| Who stated "man is the measure of all things"? |
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| What was the positive effect of renaissance humanism? |
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Definition
| The dignity and worth of human life was "rescued" from the false dualistic views of medieval culture. |
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Term
| Mirandola's "Oration" illustrated the negative side of renaissance humanism |
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Definition
- 1486
- "Pico della Mirandola"
- humanist and Christian
- "as though the maker and molder of thyself..." (self-made man)
- "to be reborn into the higher forms, which are divine"
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Term
| what is an Atmospheric Perspective? |
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Definition
| an optical phenomenon where distant objects appear smaller and less clear. |
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Term
| What is the example of hierarchy in religion? |
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Definition
- Medieaval Catholic Church developed into a powerful hierarchy.
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Term
| What is a Linear Perspective? |
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Definition
| The use of straight lines to create the illusion of 3-dimensionality |
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Term
| Leonardo DaVinci's "The Annunciation" |
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Definition
- c. 1475
- horizon line (our visual apparatus toward the world)
- orthogonal lines (blocks,tiles,etc); they intersect at the vanishing point
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| What are the 4 characteristics of Renaissance art? |
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Definition
- Revival of interest in All Things Classical
- Emergence of the Modern Concept of "Individual"
- Capturing in art a Dramatic Moment
- The development of Perspective
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| Who are the 2 artists involved in the revival of interest in all things classical? |
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Definition
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| Who are the 2 artists associated with the emergence of the modern concept of "individual"? |
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Definition
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| What 2 artists are associated with capturing in art a dramatic moment? |
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Definition
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| What 2 artists are associated with the development of perspective? |
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Definition
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Term
| What picture did Boticelli paint for revival of interest in all things classical? |
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Definition
radical painting, "The Birth of Venus" c.1485
typical painting, "Cimabue, Madonna & Child Enthroned) c.1280 |
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Term
| What 2 perspectives are seen in Masaccio's painting of "The Tribute Money"? |
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Definition
- Atmospheric perspective
- Linear perspective
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Term
| Example of hierarchy in theology |
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Definition
- Dante's "Divine Comedy": theological picture of the cosmos, arranged as a hierarchy from heaven to purgatory hell.
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Term
| Example of hierarchy from philosophy: |
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Definition
| Philosophers use the term "A great chain of being" means that everything God created is connected and ranked. |
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| Example of hierarchy in architecture: |
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Definition
- Verticality of the gothic cathedral reflects hierarchal power & authority.
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| Examples of hierarchy in political and social structures: |
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Definition
Medieval society divided into 3 estates:
- Kings
- Commoners
- the Church
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| What 2 things are especially surprising about medieval literature? |
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Definition
- diversity
- lack of morality
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| In what country was the sonnet developed? |
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Definition
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Definition
- Beuwolf
- Nibelungenlied
- Song of Roland
- Elcid
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| When did the first crusade take place? |
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Definition
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| Where did Beuwolf take place? |
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| Where did the Nibelungenlied take place? |
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Definition
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| Where did the Song of Roland take place? |
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Definition
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| Where did Elcid take place? |
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Definition
- adventure stories that sometimes included romantic plots
- Exs: Arthurian Romance; Holy Grail; Tristan and Isolde
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Definition
- Homilies: collections of sermons
- this was very popular
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Definition
- "Dirty Stories," aka "fabilaux"
- Ex: Chaucer's "The Miller's Tale"
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Definition
- Mystery Plays (reinactment of Bible stories)
- Miracle plays
- Morality plays(like Everyman)
- Spiritual Allegory: battle of good & evil
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Definition
- Rediscovery of learning and knowledge
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| Modern/Horizontal worldview |
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Definition
| truth is grounded in one's own individual experience of the world, not in some authority like the Church or the Bible. |
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| Medieval/Vertical worldview |
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Definition
- How do you know something is "true"?
- On what basis do you seek to have a relationship w/God?
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| Political Impact of Crusades |
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Definition
- Since mounting a crusade involved tapping into the resources of both Church & State, political tensions were increased.
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| Intellectual Impact of Crusades |
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Definition
- Rediscovery of Classical Texts from the Arabs, who were intellectually advanced (unintended consequence)
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| Economic Impact of the crusades |
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Definition
- New trade routes were opened up with the Middle East, (European cuisine; spice routes) wealth was created
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| Social Impact of crusades |
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Definition
- Growing affluence & the emergence of the middle class (small part)
- Puritans, merchants, begin colonizing, becoming wealthiest part of western culture.
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