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Human Sexuality
midterm #2
105
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
04/27/2011

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Term
gender identity
Definition
a person's subjective sense of being male or famale
Term
gender
Definition
the collection of psychological and behavioral traits that differ between males and females.
Term
transgender
Definition
having a gender identity that is descordant with one's anatomical sex.
Term
gender role
Definition
the expression of gender identity in social behavior.
Term
gender constancy
Definition
a child's understanding that sex is a fixed attribute.
Term
gender schema
Definition
a collection of ideas about gender that influences perception and judgement
Term
sexual script
Definition
cultural guidelines that prescribe sexual roles.
Term
transsexual
Definition
a transgendered person who seeks to transition to the other sex.
Term
gender dysphoria
Definition
the unhappiness caused by discordance between a person's anatomical sex and gender identity.
Term
transmen
Definition
a female to male transexual
Term
transwomen
Definition
a male to female transexual
Term
transvestism
Definition
wearing clothes of the other sex for purposes of sexual arousal. Sometimes applied to cross dressing for any reason.
Term
autogynephilia
Definition
a form of male to female transsexuality characterized by a man's sexual arousal at the thought of becoming a movie.
Term
mahu
Definition
a man who took a female gender role in Polynesian society and performed ritual dances.
Term
two-spirited person
Definition
in native american cultured, a person with the spirit of both a man and a woman; a transgendered person. Also called a berdache.
Term
amazon
Definition
a female Scythian warrior; more generally, an tall of powerful woman.
Term
hijra
Definition
a member of a class of male to female transexuals in northern india and pakistan
Term
transitioning
Definition
the process by which transexuals change sex.
Term
real-life experience
Definition
a period of living in the role of the other sex as a prelude to sex-reassignment.
Term
sex-reassignment surgery
Definition
surgery to change a person's genitals or other sexual characteristics.
Term
implantation
Definition
the attachment of the embryo of the endometrium.
Term
human chorionic gonadortopin (hCG)
Definition
a hormone secreted by the conceptus and by the placenta; its presence in a woman's blood is an indicator of pregnancy.
Term
ultrasound
Definition
an imaging procedure that depends on the reflection of ultrasonic waves from density boundaries within the body. Also called ultrasonographic scan.
Term
subfertile
Definition
difficulty in establishing a pregnancy; arbitrarily defined as the absence of pregnancy after a couple has had frequent unprotected sex for 12 months.
Term
infertility
Definition
inability (a a man, woman, or couple) to achieve pregnancy
Term
artificial insemination
Definition
an assisted reproduction technique that involves the placement of semen in the vagina or uterus with the aid of a syringe or cannula.
Term
in vitro fertilization (IVF)
Definition
any of a variety of assisted reproduction techniques in which fertilization takes place outside the body.
Term
assisted reproductive technology (ART)
Definition
in vitro fertilization and related technologies.
Term
endometriosis
Definition
the growth of endometrial tissue at abnormal locations.
Term
secondary amenorrhea
Definition
absence of menstruation in a woman who has previously menstruated normally.
Term
oligomenorrhea
Definition
infrequent or unusually light menstruation.
Term
surrogate
Definition
a person who stands in for another; for example, as a sex partner or as the bearer of a child.
Term
down syndrome
Definition
a collection of birth defects caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21.
Term
Rh factor
Definition
an antigen on the surface of red blood cells that, when preset in a fetus but not in its mother, may trigger and immune response by the mother resulting in severe anemia.
Term
ectopic pregnancy
Definition
implantation and resulting pregnancy at an site other than the uterus.
Term
gestational age
Definition
a fetus's age, timed from the onset of the mother's last menstrual period.
Term
naegele's rule
Definition
a "rule of thumb" that a pregnant woman's due date is 9 months plus one week after the onset of her last menstrual period.
Term
couvade
Definition
pregnancy like symptoms in the male partner of a pregnant woman.
Term
fetal alcohol syndrome
Definition
a collection of physical and behavioral symptoms in a child who was exposed to high levels of alcohol as a fetus.
Term
quickening
Definition
the onset of movements by the fetus that can be felt by the mother.
Term
amniocentesis
Definition
the sampling of the amniotic fluid for purposes of prenatal diagnosis.
Term
chorionic villus sampling
Definition
the sampling of tissue form the placenta for purposes of prenatal diagnosis.
Term
braxton-hicks contractions
Definition
irregular uterine contractions that occur during the third trimester of pregnancy. Also called false labor.
Term
birthing center
Definition
a facility specializing in childbirth care.
Term
lamaze method
Definition
a method of childbirth instruction that focuses on techniques of relaxation and other natural means of pain prevention.
Term
bradley method
Definition
a method of childbirth instruction that stresses the partner's role as birth coach and that seeks to avoid medical interventions.
Term
parturition (labor)
Definition
delivery of young; childbirth.
Term
engagement
Definition
the sinking of a fetus's head into a lower position in the pelvis in preparation for birth Also called lightening.
Term
birth canal
Definition
the canal formed by the uterus, cervix, and vagina, through which the fetus passes during childbirth.
Term
effacement
Definition
thinning of the cervix in preparation for childbirth.
Term
dilation
Definition
in childbirth, the expansion of the cervical canal. also called dilatation.
Term
transition
Definition
the process by which transexuals change sex.
Term
epidural anesthesia
Definition
anesthesia administered just outside the memvrane that surrounds the spinal cord.
Term
episiotomy
Definition
a cut extending the opening of the vagina backward into the perineum preformed by an obstetrician with the intention of facilitation childbirth or reducing the risk of perineal tears.
Term
afterbirth
Definition
the placenta, whose delivery constitutes the final stage of labor.
Term
cesarean section(C-section)
Definition
the delivery of a baby through an incision in the abdominal wall and the uterus.
Term
premature labor/preterm birth
Definition
labor or birth that occurs before 37 weeks of gestation age.
Term
postpartum
Definition
the period after birth
Term
postpartum depression
Definition
depression in a mother during the period after birth.
Term
lactate
Definition
the production of milk in the mammary glands.
Term
prolactin
Definition
a hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that promotes breast development, among other effects.
Term
let-down
Definition
the reflex ejection of milk into the milk ducts in response to suckling. Also called milk ejection reflex.
Term
colostrum
Definition
the milk produced during the first few days after birth;it is relatively low in fat but rich in protein.
Term
venereal diseases
Definition
obsolete term for a sexually transmitted disease.
Term
syphilis
Definition
a sexually transmitted disease caused by a spirochete, trponema pallidum.
Term
pubic lice
Definition
hair that appears on portions of the external genitalia in both sexes at puberty.
Term
scabies
Definition
infestation with a mite that burrows within the skin.
Term
trichomoniasis
Definition
infection with the protozoan. also called "trich"
Term
asymptomatic carriers
Definition
someone who is infected with a disease organism but is not experiencing symptoms.
Term
gonorrhea
Definition
a sexually transmitted disease caused by infection with the bacterium neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Term
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Definition
an infection of the female reproductive tract, often caused by sexually transmitted organisms.
Term
epididymitis
Definition
inflammation of the epididymis.
Term
chlamydia
Definition
a sexually transmitted disease caused by infection with the bacterium, chlamydia trachomatis.
Term
urethritis
Definition
inflammation of the urethra, usually caused by an infection.
Term
molluscum contagiosum
Definition
a skin condition marked by small raised growths; it is caused by a pox virus.
Term
oral herpes
Definition
herpes infection of the mouth, usually caused by HSV-1.
Term
genital herpes
Definition
an infection of the genital area cause by HSV-2 or (less commonly) HSV-1.
Term
human papilloma viruses (HPV)
Definition
any of a group of viruses that can be sexually tranmitted and that cause genital warts or other lesions; some types predispose infeted persons to cancer of the cervix or anus.
Term
genital warts
Definition
wartlike growths on or near the genitalia or anus, caused by infection with human papilloma virus.
Term
hepatitis B
Definition
liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus, a virus that is often transmitted sexually.
Term
jaundice
Definition
yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes, caused by liver disease.
Term
hepatitis A
Definition
liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus. it is sometimes transmitted sexually.
Term
AIDS
Definition
Term
HIV
Definition
the retrovirus that causes AIDS
Term
pearly penile papules
Definition
Term
rape
Definition
coitus( and sometimes other penetrative sex acts) accomplished by force or the threat of force.
Term
sexual assault
Definition
coercive or nonconsensual sexual contact : a broader category of behaviors than rape.
Term
statutory rape
Definition
penetrative sex when a partner is legally unable to give consent on account of young age, intellectual disability, or unconsciousness.
Term
date rape
Definition
rape between dating or socially acquainted couples.
Term
rohypnol
Definition
a tranquilizer that has been used to facilitate rape.
Term
GHB
Definition
Term
Ketamine
Definition
an anesthetic and recreational drug that has been used to facilitate rape.
Term
rape trauma syndrome
Definition
a cluster of persistent physical a psychological symptoms seen in rape victims, comparable to post-traumatic stress disorder.
Term
rape shield laws
Definition
laws that protect rape victims , for example, by limiting to introduction of evidence about their prior sexual behavior.
Term
sexual harassment
Definition
unwanted sexual advances or other intimidating sexual behavior, usually in the workplace.
Term
quid pro quo harassment
Definition
unwelcome sexual advances, usually made to a worker in a subordinate position, accompanied by promises or threats.
Term
hostile-environment harassment
Definition
sexual harassment involving a pattern of conduct that creates an intimidation work environment.
Term
stalking
Definition
obsessive pursuit of someone in such a way as to put that person in a state of fear.
Term
intimate partner stalking
Definition
stalking of a current or former spouse or other intimate partner.
Term
obsessive relational intrusion
Definition
obsessive pursuit of a person by a rejected lover.
Term
delusional stalking
Definition
stalking motivated by the delusional belief that the victim is in love with or could be persuaded to t=fall in love with , the stalker.
Term
erotomania
Definition
the delusional belief that a sexulally desired but unattainable person is actually in love with oneself.
Term
grudge stalking
Definition
nonsexual revenge stalking
Term
intimate partner violence
Definition
violence between sex partners
Term
battered-woman syndrome
Definition
a version of post traumatic stress disorder affecting women who are victims of intimate partner violence, characterized especially by a cessation of attempts to escape from the abusive situation.
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