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puberty onset at age 8 menarche age 11 viable ovulation 13-14 puberty onset 68 lbs menarch 106 lbs |
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puberty onset age 10 spermarche ejaculation age 13 high mature sperm count age 15 puberty onset 88 lbs ejaculation 120 lbs |
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found in body fat is secreted into blood stream, signals te brain/pituitary to begin stimulation the adrenals and gonads to secrete hormones **low body fat will delay puberty |
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signal from hypothalamus to ptuitary to adrenals adrenarche testosterone levels in males and females rise people start getting turned on and masterbating |
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during phase 1 puberty first increase in sex hormones comes from adrenal glands |
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signal from hypothalamus to pituitary to gonads gonadarche creates capacity for reproduction- ovulation, menarche, spermarche, ejaculation |
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rise of sex steroids from gonads |
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anxiety about size, unwanted, unpredictable erections |
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wet dreams- nocturnal emissions ejaculation during masterbation and sex |
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strength, height signals masculinity in group short males feel inferior |
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sign of testosterone but not a desirable sign of masculinity |
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anxiety about size and shape, indicator of sexual attractiveness |
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change in wetness in general and lubricating response to arousal may be experienced as dirty |
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negative attitudes, concerns about hygiene, 25% consider topic unacceptable for discusson with family |
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fear of fat, fat girls feel fat |
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emotional response to changes |
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ambivalence- pride anxiety 2 year lag in male development makes females interested in older males 30% of boys and girls have high estrogen or angrogen- in opposite sex |
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50% of teens are in denial of fertility, think they will beat the odds fertility may occur after first menstraejaculation, but usually does not |
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failure of early coital experiences to result in pregnancy adds to disbelief of ultimate fertility |
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27 for males, 24 for females |
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pre-industrialized societies |
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puberty is the biological transition to reproductive status puberty marks transition into adulthood |
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puberty marks biological transition into reproductive status adolescence as an additional phase of childhood - no right of passage into adulthood many teens use coitus as a de facto right of passage into adulthood |
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abstinence from coitus only 50% engage in manual stimulation of partner's genitals 10% oral sex 10% increase in teen abstinence from coitus, due to increase in non-coitus |
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characteristics of abstinent teens |
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higher intelligence, high aspiration for post high school success doesn't use drugs or alcohol, attends church teen lives in healthy community |
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80% ultimately break pledge more effective for young teens majority of those who use pledge fail to use STI prevention methods |
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70-80% report some sexual activity with peer behavior is episodic, infrequent 2-4 years progression from kissing to coitus teens overestimate people that are sexual, underestimate people who use condoms more females than males report deep attachment and desire for marriage |
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curiosity identity formation control partner social norms proving oneself communication tense release |
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85% of males masterbate 2 times per week 40-75% of females .5 times a week first orgasm comfort with masturbation is correlated with sexual satisfaction during sex |
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40% male, 32% female engaged in oral sex percieved as not real sex used as birth control and to preserve virginity |
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wedding night affection for partner curiosity about sex physical pleasure want a baby |
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sexual debut- first coitus |
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33% strongly negative 33% dissatisfied, disappointed, bored 33% highly positive- fun exciting males feel more mature and joyous about first coitus than females |
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boyfriend, girlfriend find exclusive partner, most people have first sex with dating partner |
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friends with benefits 55% of 11th graders engage in this |
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stranger met at single scene may or may not engage in coitus, oral sex is common 50% of hook ups were single encounter |
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concsious experience of sex begins to approximate the adult experience |
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other-incorporative approach persists, sexual activity with other person serves as path of self understanding and esteem |
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high suicide rate for males gender roles are enforced by peers |
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contact comfort is acceptable in the context of genital sex males are sexually assertive homophobic |
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female gender differences |
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genital sex is acceptable in the context of contact comfort females are being done to erotophobic |
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11% report some type of same gender sexual experience, most develop heterosexual identity |
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33% of teen girls 28% decline since 1960 60% rear child, 35% abort 80% do not marry 50% of males who impregnate are 20+ years old |
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contraceptive use by sexually active teens |
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44% use pill, 21% use condoms, 27% use hope 75% use on first coitus, but 35% report consistant use for many teens, first pregnancy is the reason to use consistantly |
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motivation for teens who intend to get pregnant |
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22% want somebody to love them feel grown up cement shaky relationship |
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reasons for not using contraception |
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disbelief about fertility belief that pregnancy will not occur first few times cost too much unplanned intercourse |
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underestimate the likelihood of engaging in coitus, reject non-coitus many unintended pregnancies |
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pregnant girls 12-15 year old, farther of child has mean age of 21 66% of teen mothers were sexually abused by adults |
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effects of poor sex education |
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fewer than 10% of U.S. teens have comprehensive sex education comparable to europe abstience-only education has failed |
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homosexual identity confusion(12-17) |
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increasing awareness of gayness many gays and lesbians live out heterosexual lives through adulthood few experience same gender sex as a teenager |
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homosexual identity acceptance(17-25) |
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accepting the truth about oneself often the last step of the coming out process first gay sexual encounter |
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strategies used for emotional self protection of gayness |
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denial repair avoidance redefinition acceptance |
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