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Human Physiology
Physiology Chapter 1
44
Physiology
Undergraduate 2
03/10/2013

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Term
Anatomy
Definition
Studies the structure of body parts and thier relationship to one another.
Term
Physiology
Definition
Studies the function of the body.
Term
Gross/macroscopic Anatomy
Definition
The study of large body structures visible to the naked eye.
Term
Regional Anatomy
Definition
muscles, bones, blood vessels, and the nervous system of a particular region.
Term
Systemic Anatomy
Definition
The bodies systems are studied, i.e Cadiovascular system
Term
Surface Anatomy
Definition
The overlying skin surface.
Term
Microscopic Anatomy
Definition
Structures too small to be seen with the naked eye.
Term
Cytology
Definition
The study of cells
Term
Histology
Definition
The study of tissues
Term
Developmental Anatomy
Definition
Traces structural changes that occur in the body throughout the lifespan.
Term
Embryology
Definition
A subdivision of developmental anatomy that studies the changes before birth.
Term
Pathological Anatomy
Definition
The study of structural changes caused by disease.
Term
Radiographic Anatomy
Definition
Studies internal structures visualized by X-ray images.
Term
Molecular Biology
Definition
Studies biological molecules (Chemical Substances)
Term
Palpatation
Definition
Feeling organs
Term
Auscultation
Definition
Listening to organ sounds
Term
Renal Physiology
Definition
Kidney function and urine production
Term
Neurophysiology
Definition
Nervous system
Term
Cardiovascular Physiology
Definition
Heart and blood vessels
Term
4 Basic Tissue Types
Definition

Epithelium

Muscle

Connective tissue

Nervous tissue

Term
Muscle
Definition
Provides movement
Term
Connective tissue
Definition
Supports and protects body organs
Term
Nervous tissue
Definition
Provides a means of rapid internal communication
Term
Organ
Definition
A discreate structure composed of at least two tissue types (four is more common)
Term
Levels of structural organization
Definition

Chemical level

Cellular level

Tissue level

Organ level

Organ System level

Organisim level

Term
Chemical level
Definition
At the chemical level atoms combine to form molecules
Term
Cellular level
Definition
At the cellular level cells are made up of molecules
Term
Tissue level
Definition
Tissue level - tissues consist of similar types of cells
Term
Organ level
Definition
Organ level - organs are made up of different types of tissues
Term
Organ system level
Definition
Organ system level - consist of different organs that work together
Term
Contracting
Definition
msucles ability to shorten
Term
Responsiveness/excitability
Definition
An automatice response, i.e touching a hot pan and automatically removing your hand when you feel the heat
Term
Digestion
Definition
Breaking down ingested food that is absorbed in the blood and transported by amoebas
Term
Metabolism
Definition
All chemical reactions that occur within cells
Term
Integumentary System
Definition
Integumentary System - forms the external body covering, and protects deep tissue from injury. Synthesizes vitamin D, and houses cutaneous receptors, sweat, and oil glands.
Term
Skeletal System
Definition
Skeletal system - Protects and supports body organs, and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement. Blood cells are formed within bones. Bones store minerals.
Term
Muscular system
Definition
Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture, and produces heat.
Term
Nervous system
Definition
Is the fast acting control system of the body.
Term
Endocrine System
Definition
Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism.
Term
Cardiovascular system
Definition
Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste.
Term
Excretion
Definition
Is the process of removing waste from the body.
Term
Lymphatic system
Definition
Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to the blood. Houses white blood cells.
Term
Respiratory system
Definition
Keeps the blood supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.
Term
Urinary system
Definition
Eliminates nitrogenous waste, regulates water and electrolytes, and acid-base balance of the blood.
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