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Critical to bone composition. Component of ATP and DNA membranes |
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| The surface of bones is broken down. |
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| Cells that erode the surface of bones |
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| Produce the collagen-containing component of bone. |
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| Most abundant major mineral in the body. Forms and maintains bones and teeth, assists with acid-base balances, transmits nerve impulses, and assits in muscular contraction. |
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| balances fluids and electrolytes, lowers blood pressure. |
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| maintains fluid balance, assists the immune system. |
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| ANTIOXIDANT. Produces thyroid hormones |
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| fibrous protein in bone tissue. |
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| Compact Bone, very dense tissue, makes up about 80% of the skeleton. Hard bone. |
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| Spongy Bone. "Scaffolding" on the inside of bones. Supports cortical bones, and makes up about 20% of the skeleton. |
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| Shaping of the bone. Completed by early adulthood |
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| The reshaping of bone. Occurs throughout adulthood. |
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| The fluid portion of blood that carries the blood cells. |
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Definition
| Mineral salts dissolved in water. Includes sodium, potassium, chloride and phosphorus. |
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Term
| Functions of Electrolytes |
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Definition
| Signal our muscles to contract, regulate fluid balance, help nerves respond to stimuli. |
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Definition
| fluid and electrolyte balance. Associated with blood pressure and pH balance, required for nerve impulse transmission. |
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Definition
| Minerals required in less than 100mg per day |
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Definition
| Minerals required in amounts greater than 100mg per day. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inorganic (non-carbon containing) elements in their simplest form possible, and are not broken down or digested prior to absorbtion |
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| Released after a meal in amounts that are proportional to the amount of food that was consumed. Decreases appetite, and inhibits food intake. |
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| Thermic Effect of Food (TEF) |
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Definition
| Energy that is expended in order to process food. Increase in metabloism. |
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Definition
| Theory which proposes that a gene, or genes causes people to be energetically thrifty. People with this gene expend less energy, and thus gain more weight. |
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| Theory which proposes that the body makes adjustments to keep one's weight within a small range, or your set-point. |
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| Psychological desire to eat. Sometimes the cause of overeating. |
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| A hormone that is released by fat cells to reduce food intake to increase body weight. |
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| Stimulates the appetite, and increases the amount of food one eats. Increases before a meal, and decrease within one hour after a meal. |
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| Having too little body fat to maintain health |
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| Having a moderate amount of excess body fat |
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| Body weight exceeding 100% of the normal, creating a very high risk for serious health problems. |
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| Expresses the ratio of one's weight to the square of their hieght |
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| Measurement of body fat and lean muscle mass. |
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| Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) |
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Definition
| Energy expended to maintain basal, or resting functions of the body. |
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| Variety of Abnormal or atypical eating habits. |
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| Medical disorder in which unhealthy behaviors are used to maintain a body weight less than 85% of expected wieght. |
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| Eating disorder characterized by binge eating and then purging. |
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Definition
| Eating a large amount of food in a short period of time. |
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| Attempt to rid the body of unwanted food by either vomitting, use of laxatives, fasting, or excesive exercise. |
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Serious medical syndrome frequently seen in female athletes. Symptoms include: Disordered Eating Menstural Dysfunction (amenorrhea) and osteoporosis |
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Term
| Recommended Diet consists of: |
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Definition
60% from carbohydrates 15-25% from fat 12-20% from protein |
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Term
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Dizziness from standing in the heat for too long |
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Consists of: Frequency Intensity and Time of Activity |
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Definition
| any muscle movement that increases energy expenditure. |
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| leisure time physical activty |
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Definition
any activity unrelated to one's profession. (hiking walking biking) |
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| state of being created by the interaction between nutrition and physical activity |
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aerobic-type fitness walking running swimming cross country skiing |
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resistance training. weight training, sit-ups, push ups |
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| weight lifting with higher weight, but fewer repetitions. |
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| minerals involved in energy metabolism |
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Definition
iodine chromium manganese sulfur |
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Definition
trace mineral. synthesizes thyroid hormones. regulates body temperature. |
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Definition
trace mineral. involved in energy metabolism. |
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major mineral. required to detoxify alcohol and other drugs in the liver. |
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Definition
| red blood cells. transport oxygen throughout the body. |
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Definition
| white blood cells of the immune system. |
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| cell fragments that assist in blood clotting |
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| trace mineral which carries blood to both muscle tissues, and in the blood. |
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chemicals that protect cells from the damages of oxidation. vitamins: a,c,e, beta-carotine, selenium |
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