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Human Geo
Note Cards
27
History
9th Grade
11/09/2011

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Cards

Term
Areal units 
Definition
some measurements of land area
Term
Approximately 75% of Earth’s population occupies only about ____ of land area
Definition
5%
Term
Census tracts 
Definition
areas used by the census bureau for the collection of data
Term
Ecological Fallacy 
Definition

not to make assumptions about individuals based on generalizations or statistical averages

Term
All settlements are in some way connected to the 
Definition
availability of resources or access to ways making a living
Term
The rise of the environmental movement in the 1960s and 1970s was in a large measure the result of 
Definition
gloomy predictions about Earth’s capacity to support life
Term

The four key questions of population geography are

Definition

1.       Why is the population concentrated in some places and not in the others?

2.       What will be the pattern is years to come?

3.       How does this pattern of distribution reflect a place’s economy?

4.       How has it been influenced by changes in the economy?

Term
The first dramatic change in population came with the 
Definition

Agricultural Evolution

Term
Echo Generation 
Definition
an anomaly in a population pyramid that causes repeat phenomena in an x amount of time in the future
Term
Four innovations in agriculture that resulted in the medical revolution are
Definition

1.       New crop rotation and fertilization

2.       More efficient farming tools

3.       Better transportation

4.       Better medicine and sanitation

Term
_____________ triggered population growth unlike that previously experienced
Definition
medical revolution
Term
Doubling time occurs much more quickly now than in the past even though fertility rates have fallen because
Definition
the population base is so much larger
Term
The assumption behind demographic transition model is that 
Definition
all countries will share a common characteristic leading to high low growth equilibrium
Term
The demographic transition model may not apply to non-European countries because 
Definition

their social cultural standards are different

Term
The area in the world with the highest fertility rate is 
Definition
Sub-Saharan Africa
Term
The fertility rates vary inversely with 
Definition
income and education
Term
Sweden death rates are higher than Libya because 
Definition
Sweden’s population’s is older
Term

Children under the age of 1 are vulnerable to

Definition

1.       Poor living conditions

2.       Inadequate food supply

3.       Lack of sanitation

4.       Lack of clean water     

Term
The fastest growing cohort group is called 
Definition
the oldest old (people over the age of 85)
Term
Epidemiological transition refers to 
Definition
changes in age structure as death shift from younger to older cohorts
Term
Three main causes of mortality in less developed countries are 
Definition
aids, tuberculosis, and pregnancy related conditions
Term
Life expectancy varies according to 
Definition
socio economic status, race, and ethnicity
Term
Three nations who identity has been profoundly influenced by migration are 
Definition
U.S., Canada, and Australia
Term
refugee
Definition
one who is forced to leave his homeland due to war or unstable political conditions
Term
The population age structure of many of the oil rich nations in the Persian Gulf is skewed because
Definition
there are so many guest workers there
Term
refers to the fact that the greater the distance one must travel the fewer number of people will make the trip
Definition
Friction of distance
Term
states that the optimal for a service is directly related to the number of people in the area and inversely related the distance they must travel to access it 
Definition
Gravity Model
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