Term
|
Definition
| A moderate to sever depresion that comes within three months after child birth |
|
|
Term
Benefits of Breast Feeding |
|
Definition
-Infants better at fighting off infection and diseases
-Infants less likely to develop allergies
-helps cognitive and social development in child
-Lowered fertility, weight and chance of cancer in mother |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any disease, drug or other agent that can reach an embryo or fetus |
|
|
Term
Sensitive and Critical Periods |
|
Definition
-Brain development
-parental connection and affection
-language |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lack of normal nutrition, stimulation, and love |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Environment purposefully made more stimulating, loving, ect.
Created more complex brain cells in Rosenzweig's rats |
|
|
Term
Cephalocaudal
and
Proximodisial |
|
Definition
| the direction in which muscle control happens (head to toe and from center to extremeties) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Recognize complex patterns and human faces
Recognize voice patterns
Social smiles develop at 8-12 months |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| close emotional bond with primary caregiver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
controlled by many genes working in combination
characteristics are polygenic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strict, overbearing, overly critical parenting style |
|
|
Term
Overly Permissive Parents |
|
Definition
| Little guidance, no accountability, lenient parenting style |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| firm guidance integrated with love and nurturing parenting style |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Assimilation and Accomodation
Sensorimotor stage
Preoperational Stage
Concerete Operational Stage
Formal Operational Stage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of interpreting new experiences by incorporating them into existing schemes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the way we organize concepts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process of modifying existing schemes in order to incorporate or adapt to new experiences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
birth to 2 years
development of problem solving abilities
development of imitation
development of object permanence
awareness of numbers and impossible events |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
From 2 to 7 years old
physical and logical, not mental
symbolic functioning (i.e. pretend)
conservation- quantity and shape
egocentrism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inability to take another person's perspective |
|
|
Term
Concrete Operational Stage |
|
Definition
From 7 to 12
Conservation- reversal
Relational logic
Jokes
beginning of inferential reasoning (if-then statements) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
From age 12 on
truly inferentail and abstract reasoning (beyond experience)
hypothetical reasoning
perspective reasoning
*not all Americans reason at this level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sociocultural Development
no stages
zone of proximal development
scaffolding |
|
|
Term
Zone of Promixal Development |
|
Definition
| If a situation is beyond a child's skills they seek the guidance of more capable partners |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Moral Reasoning
Preconventional
Conventional
Postconventional |
|
|
Term
Preconventional Reasoning |
|
Definition
observe rules to avoid punishment or gain rewards
(self-interest) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| observe rules because they are laws and to avoid hurting others |
|
|
Term
Postconventional Reasoning |
|
Definition
formal operational
morality, agreed-upon rights, ethical principles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Psychosocial Theory
developmental tasks
psychosocial dilemmas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-self acceptance
-positive relations
-automony
-environmental mastery
-purpose in life
-continued personal growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| conflict between personal impulses and the social world |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
0-1 trust vs mistrust
1-3 autonomy vs. shame and doubt
3-5 initiative vs. guilt
6-12 industry vs inferiority
Adolescence identity vs. role confusion
Young Adulthood intimacy vs isolation
Middle Adulthood generativity vs. stagnation
Late Adulthood integrity vs. despair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any task that must be mastered for optimum development |
|
|
