Term
| Human Development (just lets me know what to look at in book) |
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Definition
- Reproductive System
- Ooogenesis
- Spermatogensis
- Menstrual cycle
- To fertilize or not to fertilize
- From zygote via embryo + fetus to baby
- Contraception
- STD's
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Term
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Definition
- Outerlayer packed with follicles, each consisting of an occyte (a partially developed egg)
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Term
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Definition
- Aka fallopian tube, extends from the uterus toward each ovary
- Cilia on the epitheleal lining move egg from ovary to uterus
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- The womb basically and expands during pregnancy to accomadate fetus
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Definition
- Site for insertion of penis and deposition of sperm
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Definition
- After ovulation, the folluclar tissue grows in the ovary forming a mass called this.....
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Definition
- one of two exocrine glands that secretes "pre-ejaculate"
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Definition
- muscular duct which sperm travels through during ejaculation
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Definition
- The tube from the seminerferous tubules of a testis in which the sperm pass through and mature
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Definition
- Testis: sperm begin development within seminiferous tubules
- Epididymis: sperm mature and stored
- Vas deferens: mature sperm are transported through this during ejaculation
- Spermatogonia generate primary spermatocytes by mitosis
- Primary spermatocyte does first half of meiosis to make seconadary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes undergo second half of meiosis to give rise to four spermatids through meiosis
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Term
| Steroli Cells and Leydig Cells |
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Definition
- FSH promotes activity of Sertoli cells, these cells nourish developing sperm
- LH regulates Leydig cells, which secrete testosterone and other drogens which promote spermatogensis in tubules
- AKA PUBERTY
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Term
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Definition
- Gonadotrpin-releasing hormones from the hypothalamus that stimulates the anterior pituatary to secrete FSH and LH
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Term
| Egg Development or Oogensis |
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Definition
- Begins with production of oogonia which divides mitotically to form cells that begin meiosis but stop at prophase I (DNA already replicated)
- These are called primary oocytes which are contained within follicles
- Only one one primary oocyte completes meiosis each month but stops at metaphase II
- Meiosis arrested oocyte becomes secondary oocyte
- Secondary oocyte is released at ovulation - meiosis II continues only if sperm penetrates
- Polar bodies arises everytime there is meosis because of uneven cytokinesis
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Term
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Definition
- Hypothalamus releases GnRh which stimulates anterior pituatary to released FSH and LH
- FSH stimulates follicle growth
- Cells of growing follicle secrete estradiol
- Estradiol keeps FSH and LH levels kinda low
- Estradiol levels increase sharply making FSH and LH levels increase - result: maturation of follicle
- Ovulation: the secondary oocyte is released as follicle ruptures
- Leuteal phase: LH sitmulates left behind follicle tissue to form into corpus luteum which secretes progresterone and estradiol which reduces LH and FSH levels
- Low LH and FSH causes corpus luteum to disentergrate
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Term
| The Uterine (Menstrual) Cycle |
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Definition
- Prior to ovulation, estradiol secreted by growing follicles signals the endometrium to thicken (proliferative phase)
- after ovulation, estradiol and progesterone secreted by corpus luteum stimlate continued development of uterine lining (secretory phase)
- Upon disinegration of corpus luteum, drop in ovarian hormones cause deterioration of endometrium (menstrual flow phase)
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Term
| Synchronization of Ovarian and Menstrual Cycles |
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Definition
- Follicular phase and the proliferative phase
- Luteal phase and the secretory phase
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Term
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Definition
- Fertilization occurs in the oviducts
- Cleavage takes place as the embryo moves from oviduct toward uterus
- Blatocysts implants in the endometrium of uterus
- Umbilical cord connects embryo to placenta
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Definition
- Outer layer of blastocyst, trophoplast, grows into endometrium eventually helping to form placenta
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Term
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Definition
- Amnion - shock absorber
- Yolk sac - nutrients
- Chorion - gas exchange
- Allantois - collects embryo waste
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Term
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Definition
- Without it there would be no three different layers
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Term
| Fetus Development and Hormones |
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Definition
- Estradoil (from ovaries): sensitizes ocytocin receptors in uterine wall
- Oxytocin: stimulates uterus to contract, and stimulates placent to secrete prosaglandins
- Prostglandins: stimulates more contraction of uterus
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