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Human Development Final
vocab
29
Other
Not Applicable
05/14/2008

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Term

Sexual abuse

Definition
sexual activity involving a child and an older person
Term
Physical neglect
Definition
failure to meet a child's basic bodily needs, such as food, clothing, medical care, protection, and supervision
Term
transitional objects
Definition
objects used repeatedly by a child as bedtime companions
Term
enuresis
Definition
repeated urination in clothing or in bed
Term
handedness
Definition
preference for using a particular hand
Term
emotional neglect
Definition
failure to give a child emotional support, love, and affection
Term
emotional abuse
Definition
nonphysical action that may damage children's behavioral, cognitive, emotional, or physical functioning
Term
systems of actions
Definition

1. combinations of motor skills that permit increasingly complex activities

2. increasingly complex combinations of simpler, previously acquired skills, which permit a wider or more precise range of movement and more control of the environment

Term
fine motor skills
Definition
physical skills that involve the samll muscles and eye-hand coordination
Term
physical abuse
Definition
action taken to endanger a child involving potential injury to the body
Term
gross motor skills
Definition
physical skills that involve the large muscles
Term
battered child syndrome
Definition
condition showing symptoms of physical abuse of a child
Term
preoperational stage
Definition
In piagets theory, the second major stage of cognitive development, in which children become more sophisticated in their use of symbolic thought but are not yet able to use logic
Term
Symbolic function
Definition
in Piaget's terminology, ability to use mental representations (words, numbers, or images) to which a child has attached meaning
Term
centration
Definition
In Piaget's theory, a limitation of preoperational thought that leads the child to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others, often leading to illogical conclusions.
Term
Decenter
Definition
In Piaget's terminology, to think simultaneously about several aspects of a situation; characteristic of operational thought
Term
conservation
Definition
In Piaget's terminology, awareness that two objects that are equal according to a certain measure remain equal in the face of perceptual alteration so long as nothing has been added to or taken away from either object 
Term
Irreversibility
Definition
in Piaget's terminology, a limitation on preoperationl thinking consisiting of failure to understand that an preoperational can go in two or ore directions
Term
animism
Definition
tendency to attribute life to objects that are not alive
Term
empathy
Definition
ability to put oneself in another person's place and feel what that person feels
Term
Egocentrism
Definition
in Piaget's terminology, inability to consider another person's point of view; a characteristic of preoperational thought
Term

trandsduction

Definition
in Piaget's terminology, a preoperational child's tendency to mentally link particular experiences, whether or not there is logically a causal relationship
Term
Theory of mind
Definition
awareness and understanding of mental processes
Term
fast mapping
Definition
process by which a child absorbs the meaning of a new word after hearing it only once or twice in conversation
Term
Pragmatics
Definition
the practical knowledge needed to use language for communicative purposes
Term
Social Speech
Definition
speech intended to be understood by a listener
Term
Private Speech
Definition
talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate
Term
concrete stage (operations)
Definition
thrid stage of Piageten cognitive development during which children develop logical but not abstract thinking
Term
Sensorimotor stage
Definition
in Piaget's theory, the first stage in cognitive development, during which infants learn through their developing senses and motor activity
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