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Simulation lets us experiment with a computer model of our system in compressed time giving a decision making capability that is unattainable in any other way. |
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Systems Design Systems Management Training & Education Communications and Sales Public Relations |
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A system is a collection of elements that function together to achieve some objective. |
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a collection of ACTIVITIES that create an output based on one of more inputs. |
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a collection of ELEMENTS used to perform a process. |
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what are the System Elements |
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entities, activities, resources, and controls |
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are the things that are processed or that pass through the system. |
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are the tasks of actions that take place in the system |
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are system elements that enable the execution of a given activity. |
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govern when, how and were activities take place |
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The purpose is to understand, predict, control, and ultimately improve system behavior. |
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Characteristics of Good Models |
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Includes only those elements that directly bear on the problem being solved. Is valid - (accurately represents the system) Provides results that are meaningful and readily understood. Are easily modified and expanded. Are quick and inexpensive to build. Are credible Are reusable |
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Steps To Establishing A Simulation Infrastructure |
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Step 0 - Obtain the support of Management Step 1- Appoint a simulation champion Step 2 - Determine simulation needs Step 3 - Assess current simulation technologies Step 4 - Evaluate and Select simulation software Step 5 - Acquire hardware and any additional software Step 6 - Conduct a pilot project |
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Steps In The Simulation Process |
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Step 1- Problem Definition Step 2 - Project Planning Step 3 - System Definition Step 4 - Conceptual Model Formulation Step 5 - Preliminary Experimental Design Step 6 - Input Data Preparation Step 7- Model Translation Step 8 - Verification & Validation Step 9 - Final Experimental Design Step 10 - Experimentation Step 11 - Analysis and Interpretation Step 12 - Implementation and Documentation |
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how do you find bottlenecks |
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Select system performance measures |
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Mathematical model in which outcomes are precisely determined through known relationships among states and events, without any room for random variation. In such models, a given input will always produce the same output, |
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use ranges of values for variables in the form of probability distributions. |
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How much time should you spend on the simulations steps 1-6 |
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How much time should you spend on the simulations steps 7: model translation ( biulding) |
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How much time should you spend on the simulations steps 8-12 |
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Confirming that the model operates the way the analyst intended (debugging)
Does it do what the analyst expects it to? |
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Determining if the output of the model is believable and accurately represents the behavior of the real system to the fidelity required by the study
Does it do what the customer expects it to?
the process of raising to an acceptable level the user’s confidence that any simulation-derived inference about the system is correct |
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what is the most important state of the simulation process |
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step 1: problem definition |
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What step adds the most value to the simulation process |
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Step 12: Documentation & implementation |
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what are the pieces of simulation model in arena |
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entities, attributes, variables, resources, queues, |
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three steps to model in witness |
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what are the basic elements in witness |
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parts or entities, buffers or queues, machines or activities, labor or resources |
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what happens when you pre-empt a labor resource |
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The labor resource will leave the job it is currently working on, before that job is complete, in order to work on a more important job. |
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what is the premption rule |
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Priority of Element which currently has the Labor - Priority of Element which requires the Labor >= Pre-empt level of Element that requires the Labor |
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