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web of relationships surrounding the individuals |
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an important function of social relationships |
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– describes certain resources & norms that arise from social networks. |
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Extent to which resources and support are both given |
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Extent to which social relationships offer emotional closeness |
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extent to which social relationships serve many functions |
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extent to which social relationships exist in the context of organizational or institutional roles |
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extent to which network members know and interact with each other |
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extent to which network members are demographically similar |
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Extent to which network members live in close proximity to focal person |
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Extent to which members of the dyad share equal power and influence |
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resources characterized by norms of reciprocity and social trust |
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Process which thoughts and actions are changed into the actions of others |
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Process by which others express negative affect or criticism or hinder one's attainment of goals |
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sharing leisure or other activities with network members |
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aid and assistance exchanged through social relationships and interpersonal transactions |
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provision of empathy, love, trust, caring |
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provision of tangible aid and services that directly assist a person in need |
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provision of advice, suggestions, and information to address problems |
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provision of info that is useful for self evaluative purposes (constructive feedback & affirmation) |
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Important part of "always intended (by provider) to be helpful" aspect of social support |
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Distinguishes it from other interactive but less supportive behaviors – nagging, hassling |
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Important part of "Consciously provided as support" aspect of social support |
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Distinguishes it from less intentional acts of social influence |
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Study of social support was encouraged by which social epidemiologist |
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social network and social support are not theories per se. They are |
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They are concepts that describe the structure, process, and functions of social relationships |
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Conceptual Pathway of Influence 1 |
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meeting basic needs for companionship, intimacy, sense of belonging, etc supportive ties may enhance health regardless of stress levels |
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Conceptual Pathway of Influence 2 and 4 |
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Enhance ability to access info to solve problems, may also increase sense of control over situation |
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increase impact and effectiveness of interventions or programs |
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