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| In 1896, decision in Plessy v. Ferguson, the Court gave it’s approval to state laws requiring separate facilities for blacks and whites. The court upheld the lousiniana law against Plessy saying that facilities did not discriminate as long as they were “separate but equal”. After this, state reacted by passing laws mandating racial segregation in very aspect of southern life, from schools to hospitals, etc. The facilities for blacks were either non existent or markedly inferior. This created an atmosphere of white dominance, where whenever the two came together, whites would have the upper hand. |
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Republicans who sided with the Democrats and Grover Cleveland in the 1884 election because the Republican Party did not advocate civil service reform
Significance: They switched parties because they rejected the financial corruption associated with their own Republican candidate James G. Blaine |
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| Pendleton Civil Service Act |
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(1883) -sought to lessen involvement of politicians in running govt.
-created a bipartisan commission to administer competitive exams to candidates for civil service jobs and to appoint officeholders based on merit
-outlawed forcing political contributors from appointed officials
-Congress created it in reaction to Garfield’s assassination.
Significance: said that government jobs should be granted based on merit |
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Investigative journalists; believed that if people knew about problems they would demand they be fixed.
Significance: They helped expose corrupt government and solve social problems |
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| NAACP (National Association for the Advancemnt of Colored People) |
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A group that is highly active in resisting and stopping racial sgregation & discrimination
-created by Roy Wilkins
-dominated by middle class and professionals
-their tactics were primarily legal
-originally wanted to use the federal courts to overturn Plessy vs. Ferguson and Jim Crow Laws alltogether |
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The Boxer Movement or Boxer Rebellion was a Chinese uprising from November 1899 to September 7, 1901, against foreign influence in areas such as trade, politics, religion and technology that occurred in China during the final years of the Manchu rule (Qing Dynasty)
Significance: End of the Qing Dynasty (imperial system) and Machu rule in China |
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man-made canal in panama
connects the atlantic to the pacific
started by the french but fell apart due to yellow fever and mismanagement
France sold the project to US but Panama denied it so France organized a revolution and took over the gov.
significance- major trading route than connected the atlantic and the pacific |
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It was an amendment to the Cuban constitution that gave the U.S the right to leave naval bases and intervene when it wanted to.
Significance: It provided a permanent military base in Guantanamo Bay for the U.S. Navy |
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| law that the act of spying(telling secrets or plans to the enemy) is illegal |
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Woodrow Wilson proposed a 14-point program for world peace
-covered giving countries the freedom to choose their own political futures, considering the interests of the people in imperial disputes and a larger postwar plan.
-solidified Americans' support for the war significance
-gave proof that America was getting involved for noble reasons, not selfish ones.
Significance: 1) They helped frame much of U.S. foreign policy debate for the rest of the century
2) created the League of Nations
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| Nineteenth Amendment (1920) |
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Gave women right to vote.
Significance: It removed voting gender rescriction and gavewomen the opportunity to hold public office |
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passed in 1917 and required all men between 21 and 30 to register with the draft board
later modified 18-45
secretary of war Baker was in charge of the draft and worked PR
He made the draft registration a patriotic day of celebration to try to avoid riots
significance- started the draft |
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belief that the bible told the literal truth
targeted Darwin's theory of evolution
Scopes Trial
mainly southern and western passed anti-evolution laws
caused many judicial problems and laws prohibiting teaching evolution |
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John Scopes was a teacher in Tennessee There was a law banning the teaching of evolution Scopes taught it anyway taken to court William Jennings Bryan joined the prosecution Clarence Darrow tried to make Bryan look ridiculous Scopes found guilty
Significance: 1) took the Butler Act to court
2) questioned whether evolution vs. creationism should be taught in schools |
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| Teapot Dome Scandal (1922) |
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A bribery incident that leased oil-rich public land to private companies for money without competitive bidding
Significance: one of the most significant investigations in Senate history |
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| Brilliant First Lady who listened to people's issues by talking with the public and reading and responding to their letters. |
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| Public Works Administration |
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| One section of the National Industrial Recovery Act created the Public Works Administration (PWA), with an appropriation of $3.3 billion. Directed by Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes, it built roads, schools, hospitals, and other public facilities. |
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| At the height of the Popular Front, a period during the mid-1930s when the Communist Party sought to ally itself with socialists and New Dealers in movements for social change, urging reform of the capitalist system rather than revolution. Communists gained an unprecedented respectability. |
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started in 1935 to aid those that were unemployed, disabled, victims of industrial accidents, or single mothers
funds came from withholding some of workers pay and taxing employers as well
welfare program that paved the way for what we are using today
significance- important welfare program that is still in place today |
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Teddy Roosevelt's gang of scruffy veterans of police, army, etc, who fought the battle of San Juan hill and put Roosevelt in the American spotlight
Significance: They were representative of a change in military strategy; because of the Civil War, the Americans were very low on manpower, so commanders stopped sending large columns of men into the line of fire, and instead relied more on highly trained units with tactical advantage. |
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What: Progressive Teddy Roosevelt's cleverly-named agenda
Included the 3 C's
1. Control Corporations
2. Consumer Protection
3. Conserving Natural Resources |
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refers to U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt’s corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: "speak softly, and carry a big stick." Roosevelt attributed the term to a West African proverb, "Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far," but the claim that it originated in West Africa has been disputed.The idea of negotiating peacefully, simultaneously threatening with the "big stick", or the military.
Significance: TR used it to brandish (flourish) in 1903 with the Panama Canal dilemma and the debt crisis of Latin America in 1903. |
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| ship canal in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean (via the Caribbean Sea) to the Pacific Ocean. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a key conduit for international maritime trade. |
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| An Act designed to prevent the adulteration and mislabeling of foods and pharmaceuticals. |
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A policy of joining the business interests of a country with its diplomatic interests abroad; a policy of encouraging Americans to invest in Latin America.
William Taft- President who believed in Dollar Diplomacy; willing to intervene in other nations whenever American business interests were threatened; "substitute dollars for bullets". |
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| argument that it was the undeniable fate of the U.S. to expand across North America; expanding the borders from "sea to sea" |
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United States lawyer and politician who advocated free silver and prosecuted John Scopes (1925) for teaching evolution in a Tennessee high school (1860-1925)
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