Term
| What is Sedentary Death Syndrome (SeDS)? |
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Definition
| Death caused by a lack of regular physical activity |
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Term
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Definition
| The state of complete well-being |
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Term
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Definition
| The amount of years an individual is expected to live |
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Term
| Out of ten Americans, how many will die of a chronic disease? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Condition related to or caused by illness or disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| Physical activity that requires planned, structured, and repetitive movement |
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Term
| How many calories does moderate physical activity use per day? Per week? |
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Definition
| 150 per day; 1000 per week |
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Term
| How often and for how long should one engage in moderate physical activity? What is the minimum amount of time one can engage in moderate physical activity? |
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Definition
| 30 minutes per day for 5 days per week; the 30 min can be broken down into 10 min sessions |
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Term
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Definition
| Device that counts footsteps |
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Term
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Definition
| Prevention of developing risk factors for a disease |
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Term
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Definition
| The constant and deliberate effort to stay healthy and achieve the highest potential for well-being |
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Term
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Definition
| Good physical fitness and confidence in your personal ability to take care of health problems |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to understand your own feelings and achieve emotional stability |
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Term
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Definition
| A state in which your mind is engaged in lively interaction with the world around you |
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Definition
| The ability to relate well to others |
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Definition
| The capability to live in a clean and safe environment |
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Term
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Definition
| Organisms and their interactions within an environment |
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Definition
| The ability to perform your job well and effectively |
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Term
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Definition
| The sense that life is meaningful and with purpose; ethics, values, morals of an individual |
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Term
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Definition
Activity that required a MET level equal or greater then 6 METs (21 mL/kg/min)
[One MET is the energy expenditure at rest] |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to meet the ordinary and possibly unusual demand of daily life without being overly fatigued |
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Term
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Definition
| Fitness programs used to improve and individual's overall health |
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Term
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Definition
| Illness because of a lack of physical fitness |
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Term
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Definition
| Fitness components important for success in skillful activities and athletics |
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Term
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Definition
| The lowest fitness requirements for maintaining good health |
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Term
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Definition
| A measurement of plasma insulin, glucose, lipid, and lipoprotein levels to assess risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes |
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Term
| Cardiorespiratory endurance |
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Definition
| The ability of the lungs, heart, and blood vessels to deliver adequate amounts of oxygen to the cells to meet the demands of physical activity |
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Term
| Physical Fitness Standards |
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Definition
| A fitness level that allows a person to sustain a moderate-to-vigorous physical activity without undue fatigue |
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Term
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Definition
| Slower than normal heart rate |
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Term
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Definition
| The tool used to measure blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| BP when the heart is contracting (pumping blood out) |
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Term
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Definition
| BP when the heart is relaxing (taking blood in) |
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Term
| What is the standard for normal blood pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the six stages of the transtheorectical model of behavior modification? |
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Definition
1. Precontemplation
2. Contemplation
3. Preparation
4. Action
5. Maintenance
6. Termination/Adoption |
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Term
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Definition
| Science of the relationship between foods and health |
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Term
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Definition
| Substances in food that provide energy, regulate metabolism, and help with growth/repair of body tissue |
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Term
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Definition
Substances acted upon by an enzyme
(carbohydrates, fats, etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
| The measure of nutrients and calories in a given food |
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Term
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Definition
| The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Centigrade; the measure of the energy value of food |
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Term
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Definition
| The main source of energy in our diet; nutrient that contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| Carb with very little nutritive value, often referred to as "sugar"; divided into monosaccharides and disaccharides |
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Term
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Definition
| The simplest carb formed from five- or six- carbon skeletons; glucose, fructose, and galactose |
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Term
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Definition
| Fat cells in the human body; how excess glucose is stored |
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Term
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Definition
Combination of two monosaccharides
Sucrose (glucose + fructose)
Lactose (glucose + galactose)
Maltose (glucose + glucose) |
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Term
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Definition
| Carbs formed by three or more simple sugars; also called polysaccharides; starches, dextrin, and glycogen |
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Term
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Definition
| Form in which glucose is stored in the body, especially in the liver and muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| Complex carb that is not digestible but necessary for digestion; two kinds are soluble and insoluble |
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Term
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Definition
| Nutrient made of long chains of carbon and hydrogen (and some oxygen and a glycerin component); also called lipids |
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Term
| Saturated Fat (Saturated Fatty Acid) |
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Definition
| Carbon atoms fully saturated with hydrogen; only single bonds; usually solid at room temperature |
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Term
| Unsaturated Fat (Unsaturated Fatty Acid) |
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Definition
| Carbon atoms not fully saturated with hydrogen; some double bonds; one double bond = monounsaturated, two (or more) double bonds = polyunsaturated; usually liquid at room temperature |
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Term
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Definition
| Unsaturated fat that has had hydrogen added to force saturation through partial hydrogenation; no known health benefits |
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Term
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Definition
Omega-3: thought to lower blood cholesterol; found in fish, flax seed, and flaxseed oil
Omega-6: found in corn, sunflower oil, and processed food |
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Term
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Definition
| Combination of lipids and proteins; HDL, LDL, and VLDL; the "good" kind is HDL |
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Term
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Definition
| A combination of a simple fat and a compound fat |
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Term
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Definition
| Nutrient consisting of amino acids; the substance used to build and repair body tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| Catalyst for chemical reactions in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemical compound that the body uses to build protein |
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Term
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Definition
| Organic nutrients needed for metabolism, growth, and development |
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Term
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Definition
| Inorganic nutrients needed for normal body function |
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Term
| What percentage of a male body is water? Female body? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Vit. E is an antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals |
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Term
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Definition
| Vit. C is an antioxidant that help prevent infection |
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Term
| What does Beta Carotene do? |
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Definition
| Beta Carotene is an antioxidant that is a precursor to Vit. A |
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Term
| Which vitamins are the water soluble vitamins? The fat soluble vitamins? |
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Definition
Water soluble: A, D, E, K
Fat soluble: B, C |
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Term
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Definition
| Compounds thought to fight cancer; found in fruits and vegetables |
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Term
| Describe the Mediterranean diet |
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Definition
| The Mediterranean diet focuses on olive oil, red wine, grains, legumes, vegetable and fruits, and limits meats, milk, fish, and cheese |
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Term
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Definition
| Compounds that prevents oxygen leftover from energy production (free radicals) from combining with other substances or parts of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Unstable form of oxygen left over from metabolism that can attack and damage proteins and lipids |
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Term
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Definition
| The result is greater than the sum of the parts |
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Term
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Definition
| Food or ingredients that contain substances that provide a specific health benefit beyond basic nutrition |
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Term
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Definition
| Food that has had nutrients added that were either not present of were previously found in an insignificant amount |
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Term
| Genetically Modified (GM) Food |
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Definition
| Food whose DNA has been manipulated by adding genes that were not previously found to introduce a new trait or strengthen a current trait |
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Term
ATP
(Adenosine Triphosphate) |
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Definition
| Chemical compound manufactured in the mitochondria of a cell that provides energy to cells in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Byproduct of anaerobic (without oxygen) glycolysis (metabolism) |
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Term
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Definition
| Low sodium concentration in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
Substances that become ions in a solution and are needed for proper muscle function
(Sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, phosphate, and bicarbonate) |
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Term
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Definition
| Organic compound found in meats and fish that combines with phosphate to form creatine phosphate; helps in energy production by breaking down ATP |
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Term
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Definition
| High-energy compound used to quickly synthesize ATP during short-term high-intensity activity |
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Term
| How long can the body use the creatine phosphate (CP) system? |
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Definition
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Term
| How long can the body operate on the anaerobic (lactic acid) system? |
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Definition
| 180 seconds (2.5 minutes) |
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Term
| When does the body use the aerobic system as opposed to the CP or anaerobic system for energy production? |
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Definition
| During long-duration activity |
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Term
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Definition
| "Porous bones"; a condition in which the bones are soft and deteriorated; more common in women than men |
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Term
| What can prevent osteoporosis? |
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Definition
| Dairy consumption and life long weight-bearing activities |
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Term
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Definition
| Protein-iron compound found in red blood cells that transports oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What pulse is found at the wrist? The neck? |
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Definition
Wrist: radial pulse
Neck: carotid pulse |
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Term
| What percent of a male body is essential fat? The female body? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The scale that incorporates height and weight to determine thinness and excessive fatness |
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Term
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Definition
| Fat around the trunk (stomach area) |
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Term
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Definition
| Fat around the hips and thighs |
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Term
| What BMI is classified as underweight? Normal? Overweight? Obese? |
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Definition
Underweight: Below 18.5
Normal: 18.5-25
Overweight: 25-30
Obese: over 30 |
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Term
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Definition
| Fat stored in and near internal organs |
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Term
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Definition
| A measure that is used to rate the plasma glucose response of carbohydrate-containing foods |
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Term
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Definition
| The form that carbs are stored in the body in the liver and muscles |
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Term
| What defines a very low calorie diet? |
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Definition
| Intake of less than 800 cal/day |
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Term
| Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) |
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Definition
| The lowest level of oxygen consumption and energy requirement necessary to sustain life |
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Term
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Definition
| Fat deposits that bulge out; caused by herniation of subcutaneous fat within fibrous connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| False theory that exercising a specific part of the body will result in significant fat reduction in that area |
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Term
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Definition
| Air sacs in the kings where oxygen is taken up and carbon dioxide is released from the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| Chronic ailments as a result of a lack of physical inactivity |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of oxygen a person uses |
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Term
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Definition
| Exercise that requires oxygen to produce ATP |
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Term
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Definition
| Exercise that does not require oxygen to produce necessary energy |
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Term
| Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max) |
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Definition
| Maximum amount of oxygen the body is able to utilize per minute of physical activity; expressed in milliliters per kilogram per minute (mL/kg/min); indicates cardiorespiratory fitness |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of blood pumped by the heart in one beat |
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Term
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Definition
| Organelle within a cell where ATP is produced and energy transformation takes place |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Cardiorespiratory exercise that requires and intensity at approximately 70 percent capacity |
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Term
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Definition
| How hard a person has to exercise to maintain or improve fitness |
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Term
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Definition
| The difference between maximal heart rate and resting heart rate |
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Term
| Cardiorespiratory training zone |
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Definition
| Recommended training and intensity range, in terms of exercise heart rate, to obtain adequate cardiorespiratory endurance development |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Starting a workout slowly |
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Term
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Definition
| Tapering off and exercise session slowly |
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Term
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Definition
| The highest percentage of the VO2max at which and individual can exercise for an extended time without accumulating significant amounts of lactic acid |
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Term
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Definition
| Age-related loss of lean body mass, strength, and function |
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Term
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Definition
| All energy and material transformations that occur within living cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Increase in the size of a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Decrease in the size of a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of energy (expressed in mL of oxygen per min or total calories per day) and individual requires during resting conditions to sustain bodily function |
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Term
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Definition
| Synthetic versions of the male sex hormone testosterone taken to promote muscle growth and hypertrophy |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to exert a maximum force against a resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability of a muscle to exert sub maximal force repeatedly over time |
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Term
| One Repetition Maximum (1RM) |
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Definition
| The maximum amount of resistance an individual is able to lift in a single effort |
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Term
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Definition
| Nerves connecting the central nervous system to the muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| The combination of a motor neuron and attached muscle fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle fibers with greater aerobic potential and slow speed of contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle fibers with greater anaerobic potential and fast speed of contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| Training concept that the demands placed on the system must be increased systematically and progressively over time to cause physiological adaptation |
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Term
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Definition
| Principle that training must be done with specific muscles that the person is trying to develop |
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Term
| Volume (in strength training) |
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Definition
| The sum of all repetitions performed multiplied by the resistance used during a training session |
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Term
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Definition
| A training approach that divided the season into cycles using systematic variation in intensity and volume of training to enhance fitness and performance |
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Term
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Definition
| Increased fatigue, decrease performance, persistent muscle soreness, mood disturbances, and feelings of a "burnout" as a result of excessive physical training |
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