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how science works
aqa gcse definitions
20
Science
Not Applicable
09/08/2006

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Term
Accurate measurement
Definition
Measurement close to true value
Term
Data
Definition
A collection of measurements
Term
Random error
Definition
Type of error that can be compensated for by taking lots of measurements and working out a mean
Term
Systematic error
Definition
Type of error where all readings are shifted away from true value. Often due to a wrongly calibrated instrument.
Term
Zero error
Definition
An error caused by the measuring apparatus not starting at zero every time.
Term
Evidence
Definition
Data that has been validated
Term
Fair test
Definition
A test in which all the variables are controlled and only the independent variable allowed to influence the dependent variable.
Term
Precise measurements
Definition
A set of data that are have little spread about the mean and have been made with an instrument with small scale divisions.
Term
Reliable investigation
Definition
An investigation that can be repeated to give similar results. It can be improved by repeating results and calculating a mean.
Term
True value
Definition
The value that would be found if the quantity could be measured without any errors.
Term
Valid data
Definition
Data that have been obtained in a test where only the independent variable has been changed.
Term
Categoric variable
Definition
A variable which can be described by a label e.g. male or female.
Term
Bar chart
Definition
Type of graph to plot when using categoric variables
Term
Continuous variable
Definition
A variable which can have any numerical value.
Term
Line graph
Definition
Type of graph needed when using continuous variables
Term
Control variable
Definition
A variable which must be kept the same in a fair test so it does not effect the outcome.
Term
Dependent variable
Definition
The variable which you measure for each change in the independent variable
Term
Independent variable
Definition
A variable which you deliberately change to see its effect on the dependent variable.
Term
Discrete variable
Definition
A type of variable restricted to whole numbers.
Term
Ordered variable
Definition
A type of categoric variable that can be ranked e.g. first, second,third.
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