Term
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Definition
Purple, thick petidoglycan layer
teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid |
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Term
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Definition
| Pink, thin petidoglycan layer, lipopolysaccharide |
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Term
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Definition
| no petidoglycan, contain steroids (eg. cholesterol) |
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Term
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Definition
| waxy outer shell made of mycolic acid, distinguished by acid fast stain |
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Term
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Definition
| contain pseudoglycans or pseudomureins instead of petidoglycan |
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Term
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Definition
| has two forms: C polysaccharide (CRP), and F antigen (plasma membrane bound, reacts with Forssman antigen), covalently linked to peptidoglycan, essential to cell viability, involved in initial weak adherence of bacteria to host cells, important factors in virulence |
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Term
| Type III secretion device |
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Definition
| complex structure that transverses both the inner and outer membranes, can act as a syringe to inject proteins into other cells (major virulence factor for some bacteria) |
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Term
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Definition
| lipopolysaccharide, an endotoxin recognized by the host, attached to the cell walls of G- bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| found in Streptococcus pyogenes , interfere with phagocytosis by binding to Fc fragment of antibody or fibronectin, also involved in subsequent adherence and invasion of host cell following initial binding (along with F proteins) |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of a particular substance, such as an antigen or epitope, to provoke an immune response in the body of a human or animal; the ability to induce a humoral and/or cell-mediated immune responses |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Complement
CRP
Cytokines
Chemokines
Interferons
Toll-like receptors (?)
PMNs, Eosinophils, Basophils, monocytes/macrophages, NK cells, Dendritic cells, Mast cells, Platelets |
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Term
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Definition
"humoral" - antibodies
cytokines
interferon-γ
T helper (CD3), T killer (CD8), B cells, plasma cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Enterobacterial Common Antigen
an external glycolipid found in the outer membrane of Enterobacteriaceae |
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Term
Stapylococcal Cytoxins
α
β
δ
γ |
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Definition
α - pore forming
β - heat-labile
δ - cytolytic surfactant
γ - rapid cell death of neutorphils |
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Term
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Definition
Protective
Rough vs. Smooth
Salmonella |
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Term
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Definition
| present in cell walls and released when the bacterium disintegrates |
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Term
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Definition
| produced by living bacterium and released into surrounding environment |
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Term
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Definition
| dipocolinic acid, found in endospores |
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Term
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Definition
Most frequently occurs in response to intracellular organism
macrophage/TH1 interaction
Cytotoxic T cell development
IgG mediated
Tuberculoid leprosy |
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Term
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Definition
Most frequently occurs in response to bacterial infection
Related to PMNs |
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Term
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Definition
Most frequently occurs in response to extracellular organisms
Humoral immunity
IgG, IgA, IgE
Lepromatous leprosy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| highly specific, made later in infection |
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Term
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Definition
| moderately to highly specific, mucosal surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
| Highly specific, helminths |
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Term
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Definition
| indicates bacterial infection |
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Term
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Definition
| indicates sever infection |
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Term
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Definition
| indicates viral infeection |
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Term
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Definition
| indicates mycobacterial infection |
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Term
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Definition
| indicates helminth infection |
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Term
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Definition
| above 15 mm in female or 20 mm in male pts indicates inflammation |
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Term
|
Definition
aging, > 8-10 mg/L
late pregnancy, 10-40 mg/L
active inflammation, bacterial infection, 40-200 mg/L
burns, >200 mg/L |
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Term
| C-reactive protein high-sensitivity |
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Definition
used to asses chronic inflammation associated with the risk of CAD
3-8 mg/L = high risk |
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Term
| Describe the CSF profile for bacterial meningitis |
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Definition
elevated pressure
high WBC count
PMNs predominant
Low Glc
high protein |
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Term
| Describe the CSF profile for viral meningitis |
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Definition
RBCs may be present
WBC elevated
Lymphocytes elevated
Few PMNs present
Protein may be nml or mildly elevated |
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Term
| Describe the CSF profile for fungal meningitis |
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Definition
Pressure elevated
WBC elevated
Lymphocytes and monocytes present
Few PMNs present
Glc low
Protein elevated |
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Term
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Definition
| needed during replicative transpostion (transposon replicates itself while moving) |
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Term
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Definition
| Corynebacterium, phage B, similar to α toxin |
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Term
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Definition
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