Term
| What controls the sodium gates and keeps them closed |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens if there's low calcium |
|
Definition
| The Nerve will depolarize equaling tetany (gates open) |
|
|
Term
| What type of calcium channels does the heart have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the heart event tetany |
|
Definition
| creates plateaus= long absolute refractory period |
|
|
Term
| What keeps the balance of calcium for nerve firing |
|
Definition
| parathyroid hormone and calcitonin |
|
|
Term
| What produces parathyroid hormone |
|
Definition
| Parathyroid gland four posterior to thyroid |
|
|
Term
| What is the effect of parathyroid hormone |
|
Definition
| It takes calcium out of the bone and put that in the blood decrease phosphorus in the blood |
|
|
Term
| What happens if there's an excess of parathyroid hormone |
|
Definition
| Hyperparathyroidism, kidney stones, osteopenia, Brown's tumor, rugger jersey's spine, salt and peppers skull |
|
|
Term
| Where is calcitonin produced? |
|
Definition
| parafollicular cells of the thyroid |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of calcitonin |
|
Definition
| Pulls calcium out of blood and puts it into bone, increased phosphorus in blood |
|
|
Term
| What happens if there is an excess of calcitonin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the derivative of the adrenal cortex |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is produced by the zona glomerulosa |
|
Definition
| aldosterone, mineral corticoid, "salt" |
|
|
Term
| what is produced by the zona fasiciculata |
|
Definition
| cortisol, glucocorticoid, "sugar" |
|
|
Term
| what is produced by the zona reticularis |
|
Definition
| sex hormones, androgens, "sex" |
|
|
Term
| What happens if there is an excess of aldosterone |
|
Definition
| conns syndrome, hypertension, retain water |
|
|
Term
| Repetend of the adrenal Medulla |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What nervous system controls the adrenal Medulla |
|
Definition
| Postganglionic sympathetic |
|
|
Term
| What secretes norepinephrine and epinephrine to break glycogen into glucose to raise blood sugar in a stressful state? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the pathology associated with the adrenal medulla |
|
Definition
| pheochromocytoma, "grey cell tumor", episodic hypertension |
|
|
Term
| What controls secondary sex characteristics, the proliferative phase, and build endometrial lining |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What controls the secretory phase and nourish embryo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the menstrual cycle what are the two major things that FSH does |
|
Definition
| Picks primary follicle (haploid cell), releases estrogen |
|
|
Term
| What control secondary sex characteristics and is made by interstitial cells of leydig |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are two major things that estrogen does in the menstrual cycle |
|
Definition
| Thickens endometrial lining and peaks on the 14th day to release LH |
|
|
Term
| What is in control of the proliferated phase thickens the blood and increases core temperature during the menstrual cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are two major things that LH does |
|
Definition
| Ovulation primary follicle leaves ovary, forms corpus leuteum |
|
|
Term
| What are two major things the corpus leuteum does |
|
Definition
| Makes progesterone in the secretory phase; makes inhibin which stops FSH no more follicles |
|
|
Term
| What are the two fates of the corpus Leuteum |
|
Definition
dies (corpus albicans) with no fertilization
or
makes progesterone in the presence of HCG |
|
|
Term
| Human chorionicgonadotropin is made by ___ |
|
Definition
| the placenta after fertilization |
|
|
Term
| What does HCG stimulate the corpus leuteum to make? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two layers of oocytes |
|
Definition
thick layer (zona ellucidum, glycoprotein) aka corona granular
outside layer= corona radiata |
|
|
Term
| what makes Haploid cells from meiosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What starts spermatogenesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What releases testosterone from interstitial cells of Lydig |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What shuts off spermatogenesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What shuts off oogenesis in females |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sertoli cells=supporting cells |
|
|
Term
| What muscle raises be testes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What wrinkles the scrotum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What describes a failure of the testes to descend? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cryptorchism may be a precursor for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is described as an adrenal tumor? |
|
Definition
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