Term
| Local Hormones (Paracrines) |
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Definition
| They have a local effect in the body and they are released by prostaglandin. |
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Term
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Definition
made by neurons.
most prevelent neurohormone in animals is vasopressin. |
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Definition
| made in glands and is a thyroid hormone |
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Definition
| alters behavior of animals of the same species. (dogs mark territory with urine) |
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Definition
| They alter protein production and takes longer to have an effect. |
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Definition
| Alter enzyme function and use second messengers like cyclic AMP and calmodulin...they work very fast. |
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Term
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Definition
| had peptide hormones...acts as a storage site for hormones. |
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Term
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Definition
| has protein, glycoprotein, and peptide hormones. |
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Term
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Definition
in posterior pituitary...released by increased osmolarity and increased angiotensin 2.
Actions are for water retention and vasoconstriction. |
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Term
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Definition
in posterior pituitary.
released by stimulation of the nipple or cervix.
It causes milk ejection from mammary glands. |
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Term
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Definition
Growth Hormone..Found in anterior pituitary.
increases protein synthesis
decreases carbohydrate utilization
inreases free fatty acid and glucose concentration
increases bone cartilage growth by SOMATOMEDIN |
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Term
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Definition
adrenocorticotrophic hormone...found in anterior pituitary
stiulates adrenal cortex
increases size of adrenal cortex
increases glococorticoid (cortisol) production. |
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Term
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Definition
thyroid stimulating hormone..in anterior pituitary
increases thyroid hormone production and release. |
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Term
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Definition
found in anterior pituitary.
maintains milk production. |
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Definition
follicle stimulating hormone..in anterior pituitary.
Regulates reproductive processes in body. |
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Definition
Luteinizing hormone..in anterior pituitary.
stimulates ovulation in females.
stimulates testosterone in males. |
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Term
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Definition
Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3).
Iodine makes these hormones.
they are produced in the thyroid follicles in the thyroid gland. |
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Term
| actions of thyroid hormones |
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Definition
increase metabolism.
increase protein synthesis.
increase glucose production and utilization.
increase fat breakdown.
increase neural activity. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an enlarged thyroid gland that has low levels of thyroid hormones. |
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Definition
found in parafollicular cells/C cells of thyroid gland.
decreases plasma Ca+.
decreases bone breakdown.
increases bone formation by osteoblasts. |
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Term
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Definition
found in parathyroid glands.
increases plasma calcium
increases calcium reabsorption at
kidneys.
increases calcium reabsorption from
bone.
increases bone breakdown by
osteocasts.
Activates vitamin D...increases calcium absorption from food. |
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Term
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Definition
| used by clacitonin and increases bone formation |
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Term
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Definition
| used by parathyroid hormone and increases bone breakdown |
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Term
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Definition
found in adrenal gland.
part of sympathetic nervous system.
has epiniephrine and norepinephrine. |
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Term
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Definition
part of adrenal gland.
hormones are made by cholsterol. |
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Definition
found in adrenal cortex.
A group of hormones that regulate salt and water balance in the body. Aldosterone is a major mineralocorticoid in our body. |
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Definition
found in adrenal cortex.
effect glucose levels.
produce cortisol. |
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Term
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Definition
found in adrenal cortex.
estrogen and testosterone. |
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Term
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Definition
increases Na+ reabsorption at kidney.
increases K+ secretion at kidney.
increases water retention at kidney.
Increases Na+ (salt) appetite. |
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Term
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Definition
released by...
Angiotenisin 2
increased K+
decreased Na+ |
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Term
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Definition
stress hormone controlled by ACTH.
increases fat and protein utilization.
increases blood glucose level to help fight stress.
increase glucose formation.
decrease glucose uptake and
utilization except at brain.
anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions. |
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Term
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Definition
made in pancreas by beta cells.
it's a protein.
decreases blood glucose levels.
increases glucose transport.
increases glucose utilization.
increases fat production.
it's controlled by blood glucose levels and amino acid levels. |
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Term
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Definition
found in pancreas, made by alpha cells.
it's a polypeptide.
increases blood glucose levels.
decreases glucpse transport.
decreases glucose utilization. |
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Term
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Definition
Insulin dependent diabetes.
kills beta cells so no insulin is made.
increase in blood glucose levels. |
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Term
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Definition
non-insulin dependent diabetes.
increase in blood glucose due to decrease in insulin.
can be managed by exercise and diet. |
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Term
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Definition
low blood glucose levels.
symptoms are tiredness, nervousness, anxiety, shaking, confusion. |
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