Term
what is the
function of ADH
and where is it
produced? |
|
Definition
- ADH (antidiuretic hormone) increases H2O absorption when dehydrated. it does this by acting on the kidneys (nephrons) to increase H2O absorption in the blood. this produces more concentrated and less urine.
- produced by the hypothalamus, sent to the pituitary to be stored and released when necessary. |
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Term
what is the function
of releasing hormones
and where are they
produced? |
|
Definition
- they are sent to the pituitary to stimulate the release of other hormones.
- produced in the hypothalamus. |
|
|
Term
what is the function
of TSH and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) is released when matabolic rate is too low. it triggers the release of thyroxine from the thyroid.
- produced in the anterior pituitary |
|
|
Term
what is the function
of ACTH and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) stimulates the adrenal cortex to release the hormone cortisol.
- produced in the anterior pituitary. |
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|
Term
what is the function of
hGH and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- hGH (human growth hormone) acts on the long bones to promote cell division and ultimately growth. usually more active during childhood.
- produced in the anterior pituitary |
|
|
Term
what is the function
of thyroxine and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- thyroxine (T4) increases metabolic rate. low iodine levels can cause overproduction of this hormone.
- produced in the thyroid |
|
|
Term
what is the function
of calcitonin and where
is it produced?
|
|
Definition
- calcitonin stores calcium in teeth and bones, ultimately lowering blood calcium levels.
- produced in the thyroid |
|
|
Term
what is the function
of PTH and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- PTH (parathyroid hormone) promotes the release of calcium ions back into the blood and promotes calcium reabsorption in the kidneys.
- produced in the parathyroids |
|
|
Term
what is the function
of epinephrine and
where is it produced? |
|
Definition
- epinephrine (adrenaline) causes the fight or flight response when under stress. it is stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.
- produced in the adrenal medulla. |
|
|
Term
what is the function of norepinephrine and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- norepinephrine (noradrenaline) is also part of the fight or flight response. it does all the same things as epinephrine except that it also causes glucose to be released as energy.
- produced in the adrenal medulla. |
|
|
Term
what is the function
of cortisol and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- cortisol increases blood glucose levels after stress by breaking down proteins into amino acids, which turns into glucose in the liver. this ultimately aids in cell recovery.
- it is produced in the adrenal cortex. |
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|
Term
what is the function of aldosterone and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- aldosterone increases Na+ and H2O reabsorption in the kidneys, essentially maintaining body fluid levels and increasing blood pressure.
- it is produced in the adrenal cortex.
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|
|
Term
what is the function
of insulin and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- insulin lowers blood sugar levels by attaching to cells in the liver and muscle tissue to make membranes permeable to glucose. once inside, the glucose is stored as glycogen.
- produced in the pancreas by the beta islet cells. |
|
|
Term
what is the function
of glucagon and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- glucagon raises blood sugar levels by converting glycogen back into glucose which is then released back into the blood. essentially counteracts the effects of insulin.
- it is produced in the pancreas by the alpha islet cells. |
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Term
what is the function
of estrogen and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- estrogen is responsible for secondary sex characteristics + the thickening of the endometrium. when levels of estrogen increase, it stimulates the release of LH, triggering ovulation.
- it is secreted by the follicles, the corpus luteum and the placenta. |
|
|
Term
what is the function of progesterone and
where is it produced? |
|
Definition
- progesterone helps to maintain the endometrium, inhibiting ovulation. it also prevents uterine contractions to inhibit flow phase of the menstrual cycle.
- it is secreted by the follicles, corpus luteum and the placenta. |
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|
Term
what is the function of
FSH and where is
it produced? |
|
Definition
- FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) stimulates the growth of follicles, which contain eggs.
- it is produced in the anterior pituitary. |
|
|
Term
what is the function of
LH and where is
it produced? |
|
Definition
- LH (lutenizing hormone) maintains the corpus luteum so it will continue to secrete estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy.
- produced in the anterior pituitary. |
|
|
Term
what is the function of
prolactin and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- prolactin stimulates glands in the breasts to start producing milk.
- it is produced in the anterior pituitary when the placenta leaves the body after birth. |
|
|
Term
what is the function of
oxytocin and where
is it produced? |
|
Definition
- oxytocin causes weak contractions int he breasts to help move milk towards the nipple. it also helps return the uterus to its normal shape + size.
- produced in the posterior pituitary. |
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