Term
| T/F High mass stars live longer than low mass stars. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F The more massive the star, the more dense its end state. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| t/f Low mass stars explode as supernovae. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the lower limit for the mass of neutron stars? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| White dwarfs and neutron stars are both end products of stellar evolution. White dwarfs are composed of mostly carbon, oxygen, and electrons, whereas neutron stars are composed of mostly neutrons. What happens to the protons in the atomic nuclei and the degenerate electrons that were inside the star that creates a neutron star? |
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Definition
| The electrons and protons combine to form neutrons and neutrinos. |
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Term
| What is an accurate description of the Schwarzschild radius? |
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Definition
| It is the radius to which an object must shrink to become a black hole and is the radius of the event horizon surrounding a black hole singularity. |
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Term
| What changes would occur if the sun were replaced with a one-solar-mass black hole? |
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Definition
| Earth's orbit would not change and the planets would disappear from view. |
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Term
| What property does matter inside the event horizon of a black hole retain? |
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Definition
| mass, angular momentum, and electric charge |
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Term
| What observational evidence do we have that stellar-death black holes really exist? |
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Definition
| Some X-ray binaries have unseen objects with masses greater than 3 solar masses. |
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Term
| What happens when a molecular cloud overtakes a spiral density wave? |
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Definition
| Star formation occurs in the cloud |
|
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Term
| what object forms from molecular clouds? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Under what conditions is star formation likely to occur? |
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Definition
| Where gas and dust interact with density waves |
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Term
| How are star clusters distributed in the sky? |
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Definition
| Open clusters lie along the Milky Way and half of the globular clusters are in or near the constellation Sagittarius |
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Term
| What must be measured to determine distance by the Cepheid variable star method? |
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Definition
| the apparent magnitude and the period of pulsation of the variable star |
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Term
| What is the approximate diameter of the disk component of the Milky Way Galaxy? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What measurements are needed to determine the entire mass of the Milky Way Galaxy? |
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Definition
| the rotational velocity of a star near the Galaxy's outer edge and the distance to a star near the Galaxy's outer edge |
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Term
| Why do astronomers propose that the Milky Way Galaxy contains a lot of dark matter? |
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Definition
| The Galaxy's rotation curve flattens out at great distances |
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Term
| What does the observed heavy element abundance tell us about a star? |
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Definition
| A low percentage of metals indicates that a star formed long ago. |
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Term
| At what wavelength band can we observe the center of our galaxy? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which two types of galaxies are most closely related? |
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Definition
| Spirals and barred galaxies |
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 types of galaxies? |
|
Definition
| spiral, barred spiral, and elliptical |
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Term
Which of these is evidence of star formation in a distant galaxy?
-Other galaxies in close proximity
-The presence of globular clusters
-Areas that appear blue |
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Definition
|
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Term
| t/f We cannot see differences in the spectra of other galaxies because they are too far away |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What must we know about an object to use it as a distance indicator? |
|
Definition
| either the object's luminosity or the object's linear size |
|
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Term
| What observable property of a standard candle must be measured to determine its distance? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is a supernova type Ia standard candle better to use in measuring very long distances than either the brightest globular cluster or Cepheid Variable star standard candles? |
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Definition
| Supernovae type Ia are more luminous. |
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Term
| Which feature of a galaxy seems to be related to the mass of the galaxy's central supermassive black hole? |
|
Definition
| the size of the galaxy's central bulge |
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Term
| As the bread bakes, how do the movements of the nearest and farthest raisins compare? |
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Definition
| The farthest raisin moves a greater total distance. |
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Term
| How is the raisin bread analogy like the expansion of the Universe? |
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Definition
| The raisins move apart as the bread expands. |
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Term
| T/F The farther a raisin is from the selected raisin, the faster it moves. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Thermal equilibrium is when... |
|
Definition
| matter and radiation have a common temperature. |
|
|
Term
| What happened when particles decoupled in the early Universe? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long after the Big Bang did matter and radiation decouple? |
|
Definition
| Several hundred thousand years |
|
|
Term
| T/F The universe has a definite edge. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f There is evidence that the universe is not infinitely old. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f The universe has a center. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f Observing the cosmic background radiation is observing the time of the big bang. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f The universe is mostly hydrogen and helium. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f Heavy elements are relatively rare in the universe. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f The universe is expanding. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What assumptions are made in Olber's paradox? |
|
Definition
| The universe is infinite and uniformly filled with stars. |
|
|
Term
| If the universe has no edge, then it must also have no...? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is meant by the term "observable universe"? |
|
Definition
| the part of everything that exists that we can see |
|
|
Term
| What evidence do we have that the universe is expanding? |
|
Definition
| The amount of redshift in the spectra of distant galaxies is proportional to their distance |
|
|
Term
| Where did the big bang occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
[image]
This diagram depicts the present universe as it appears from our galaxy (center). What does the inner edge of the outer pink ring represent? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The early universe was which of the following? |
|
Definition
| hot and at a high density |
|
|
Term
| If the average density of the universe is greater than the critical density, the universe is which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What distance method is used to determine the
distance to the most distant galaxies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
66%
If there are an infinite number of stars then what would you expect to see in the sky at night? |
|
Definition
A bright sky
everywhere you
look. |
|
|
Term
The _____ view of the universe is that it is
eternal and unchanging. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If galaxy A is four times more distant than galaxy
B, then according to the Hubble Law, galaxy A
will recede _____ than galaxy B. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Astronomers have found the center of the
universe to be located at (in) |
|
Definition
No center is
thought to exist |
|
|
Term
Why is the cosmic microwave background (CMB)
so cold if the early universe was so hot? |
|
Definition
The expansion of the universe
has redshifted those photons
to an effectively cooler
temperature. |
|
|
Term
| A mega-parsec is equivalent to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What distance method is used to determine the
distance to the most distant galaxies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the time it takes for
the light from an
and the numerically equal to
the distance in lightyears. |
|
|
Term
The cluster method (motions of galaxies in a
cluster of galaxies) can be used to determine the
cluster’s |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A nova is almost always associated with |
|
Definition
a white dwarf in a
close binary system. |
|
|
Term
The theory that the collapse of a massive star's
iron core produces neutrinos was supported by |
|
Definition
the detection of neutrinos
from the supernova of
1987. |
|
|
Term
| The density of a neutron star is |
|
Definition
about the same as
an atomic nucleus. |
|
|
Term
The _____ of a black hole is the radius from a
black hole at which the escape velocity is
approximately equal to the speed of light. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
t/f When a star, of mass comparable to
the Sun, dies it become a black hole. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
all have the same
age.
and all have the same
chemical
composition. |
|
|
Term
| Stars within a cluster that are at the turnoff point |
|
Definition
have life expectancies
that are equal to the age
of the cluster. |
|
|
Term
| A white dwarf is composed of |
|
Definition
carbon and oxygen
nuclei and degenerate
electrons. |
|
|
Term
What nuclear fusion mechanism does an
isolated white dwarf use to generate
energy? |
|
Definition
White dwarfs don't
generate their own
energy. |
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|
