Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Honors English
Final Exam Notecards
114
English
11th Grade
06/09/2008

Additional English Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

What is this an example of:

"If I can't borrow the car tonight..." 

Definition
Ad Misercordium (fallacy)
Term

What is this an example of:

"I have red hair.  Mrs. Robinson has red hair.  All English teachers have red hair." 

Definition
Hasty Generalization (fallacy)
Term

What is this an example of:

"Let's not have our picnic on Saturday.  it always rains on Saturday." 

Definition
Post Hoc (Fallacy)
Term
An immodest man wrote this outrageous suggestion in hopes of shaking the Irish people into taking steops to improve their position.  What is this talking about?
Definition
A Modest Proposal
Term

What is this an example of:

"God is love. Love is blind. Ray Charles is blind.  Ray Charles is God." 

Definition
Syllogism (fallacy)
Term
Ghandi andMLK were influenced by what author?
Definition
Thoreau
Term
According to him, the government that governs best, governs not at all.  Who believes this?
Definition
Thoreau
Term
Whose real name was Eric Blair?
Definition
George Orwell
Term
His world exists not in the world of emotions, but in the world of ideas. Who believes this?
Definition
Plato
Term
Who was Skinner's personna in Walden II?
Definition
Frazier
Term
According to a stoic, reality exists in the world of what?
Definition
endurance
Term
According to an existentialist, reality exists in the world of what?
Definition
the moment
Term
According to the naturalist, reality exists in the world of what?
Definition
the good of society
Term
According to transcendentalists, reality exists in the world of what?
Definition
beyond reasons and senses
Term
According to a hedonists, reality exists in the world of what?
Definition
pleasure
Term
Freud is to psycoanalysis as who is to behaviorism?
Definition
Skinner
Term
Who coined the phrase 'Catch 22?'
Definition
Joseph Heller
Term
Who served a prison sentence for Unconventional Behavior?
Definition
Oscar Wilde
Term
Faulkner tells young writers that the only things worth writing about are what?
Definition
problems of the human heart in confict with itself
Term
Solynetsin showed the prisoners will and human dignity by depicting what things?
Definition
Behavior in a mess hall, swearing done mostly by guards, pride they take in thier work, etc.
Term
The Judas Iscariot line in 1984 is what?
Definition
"Do it to Julia, Do it to Julia!"
Term
These are the three slogans in Oceana:
Definition

1. War is Peace

2. Freedom is Slavery

3. Ignorance is Strength 

Term
Who said to picture the future - imagine a boot stamping onthe human face...forever?
Definition
O'Brien
Term
Where does Winston work?
Definition
In the Ministry of Truth
Term
What does the note say the Julia gives to Winston in 1984?
Definition
I Love You
Term
The savages's (Brave New World) need for freedom of choice strongly parallels that of this character in Walden II
Definition
Castle
Term
The Bokanovsky process in Brave New World insures what?
Definition
Classes, supply of workers, ruling class
Term
The T in Brave New World equals what?
Definition
The Cross
Term
Hypnopedia means what?
Definition
Sleep Teaching
Term

Faulkner renamed a county in Mississippi what ficiticious name, whichwas the setting for many of  his works?

Definition
Yaknapatowpha
Term
Faulkner believed that man will not merely endure, he will do what?
Definition
prevail
Term
The narration of As I Lay Dyng was told in what way(s)?
Definition
multipe, first, second,thrid, and stream of consious
Term
Vardaman thinks of his mother as what?
Definition
A fish
Term
What is the primary use of humor used by Faulkner?
Definition
Black humor
Term
The governmental structure of Walden II is made up of what?
Definition
Three men and three women
Term
Who is considered the father of behaviorism?
Definition
Skinner
Term
Frazier in Walden II wants to eliminate what two human emtions with the use of positive reinforcement?
Definition
anxiety and frustration
Term
What character expresses a need for freedom of choice?
Definition
Castle
Term
What is the real life Walden II called?
Definition
Twin Oaks
Term
Ayn and wrote what anti-Utopia novle depicting the evils of collectivism?
Definition
Anthem
Term
The title of Huxley's BNW comes from what Shakesperin Play?
Definition
The Tempet
Term
Why does Julia say that the government bans sex?
Definition
peole can devote time and energy to leader worship
Term
How many cirlces does Dante's version of hell have?
Definition
Nine
Term
What was the author of ONE DAY arrested for?
Definition
Term
Who is Plato's republc ruled by?
Definition
kings and philosophers
Term
What is controlling human behavior by stimulating subconcious desires called? It is often used in advertising
Definition
Subliminal seduction
Term
What community started in Massachusettes by writers like Emerson, Alcott and Hawthorne?
Definition
Brook Farm
Term
What is the name of the Utopia in the LOST HORIZEN?
Definition
Shangri-la
Term
The Ephrata Cloister failed because of what policy?
Definition
Celibacy
Term
Describe a Modest Proposal
Definition
there was a problem of overpopulation and children in te streets with their mothers sick and prostituting themselves can be solved by eating the extra children.
Term
Describe a Modest Proposal
Definition
there was a problem of overpopulation and children in te streets with their mothers sick and prostituting themselves can be solved by eating the extra children.
Term
Who was Jonathan Swift?
Definition
He was the quthor of a Modest Proposal and he coined the word Yahoo (crazy person)
Term
Define: Hasty Generalization
Definition

Few examples proving on thing wrong

EX: Cigarettes cause cancer.  Saccharin causes cancer. Radiaion causes cancer. Caffeine causes cancer. Everything causes cancer. 

Term
Define: False Analogy
Definition

Equal treatment for all, even if nonsensical

EX: If students mst wait in line for lunch, so should teachers. 

Term
Define: Ad Misericordium
Definition

round-about sorry stor with no answer to the original question (excuses)

EX: I was in cermics class an I was tring to make a pot on the wheel, but it fel apart and I made a big mess. Ican never make anything on the wheel. And the teacher got called down to the office and I couldn't ask for her help an e didn't come back. That's why I don't have a pass. 

Term
Define: Hypothesis Contrary to Fact
Definition

If a certain person did not do something, it never would have happened.

EX: If Franklin D. Roosevelt had not developed the program of Social Security, there wouldn't be such a beneficial program today. 

Term
Define: Dicto Smpliciter
Definition

based on under-qualified generalization

EX: All people wih a colege education get high paying jobs. Everone who wants a high paying job should go to college. 

Term
Define: Fault Syllogism
Definition

false assumption/suggestion

EX: ou shouldn't need a icense to drive a car. You don't need a license to ride a bike on the same roads. 

Term
Define: Poisoning the Well
Definition

puting someone down with no defense or evidence

EX: If I were ou, I wouldn't choose her for a ob; she never does anthing right. 

Term
Define: Contradictory Premise
Definition

premises of arguments contradict themselves

EX: The only thing I know is that I don't known anything. 

Term
Define: Post Hoc
Definition

one person causes unconrolable events

EX: I'm not allowing Linda in my car anymore because every time she's in it, the car breaks down. 

Term
Define: Stoic
Definition
One who s seemingly indifferent to or unaffected by joy, grief, pleasure, or pain.
Term
What do Judeo-Christians believe about reality?
Definition
That reality exists in the spirit
Term
What does a Hedonist believe about reality?
Definition
That reality exists in the world of pleasure
Term
What is Plato's "Allegory of the Cave" reality state?
Definition
That those who have only seen shadows for their entire life may not be satisfied once they see the light - perception and reason are realit
Term
What are three beliefs of the Transcendentalist?
Definition

1. Reality exists in the world beyond reason and senses

2. Self-trust and self-reliance

3. Every person's relation to God was to be established directly by the ndividual rather that through a ritualistic church 

Term
What do the Objectivists think about reality?
Definition
That reality exists in the world of individual responsibilty
Term
What do Existentialists believe about reality?
Definition
That reality exists in the moment
Term
Define two beliefs of the Naturalist
Definition

1. Reality exists in the good of society

2. A view of the world that takes into account only naturay elements or forces, excluding the supernatural or spiritual. Actions arise from natural instincts and desires. (Streetcar) 

Term
Define: Behaviorism
Definition
In Walkden II and Brave New World (B.F. Skinner), where society attempted to alter and control human behavior in order to eliminate jealousy and create harmony.
Term
Define: Civil Disobedience
Definition
It was written by David Thoreau and it stated that nonvilent techniques advocated were used by Gandhi and Dr. King
Term
Define: Utopia
Definition
Means 'nowhere' from utopis, Thomas More's word meaning "the ruler of nowhere"
Term
Describe: Erewhon
Definition

A fictional book that had these following traits:

1. Society afraid of machines

2. Jail criminals or the "sick"

3. Fair-haired man is worshipped

4. Boy falls in love with grl who is not first daughter- illegal - like "Taming of the Shrew" 

Term
Describe: Plato's Republic Rulers
Definition
Guardians who see the absoutes, r the people who can see the sun in the Allegory of the Cave
Term
Describe: Animal Farm
Definition
It was a socialist society on farm led by bad pigs (Stalin) and all the animals are equal, but some are more equal than others.
Term
Describe: The Player Piano
Definition
This was Kurt Vonnegut's account of the third industrial revolution where machines do everything.
Term
Describe: The Lost Horizon
Definition
This was written by James Hilton and it was about a lost paradise of Shangri-la
Term
Describe: Fahrenheit 451
Definition
This is Ray Bradbury's tale of firefighters who burn books
Term
Describe: Clockwork Orange
Definition
There was a society that used character modification to prevent crime; criminals would associate a crime with a bad feeling like illness.  Ludovico's Techlique was also called an AVERSION CONTROL
Term
Describe: Twin Oaks
Definition
This is the real life Walden II that is in Virginia
Term
Describe: Ephrata Cloisters
Definition
This is a failed utopia. It was a German religious organization. It failed because people could not have sex.
Term
Describe: Brook Farm
Definition
this is the community that had Emerson, Alcott, and Hathrone's support. It was a Transcendentalit community.
Term
Joseph Heller
Definition

1. He wrote Catch 22

2. He used anti-war satire of the government

3. He believed that you had to be insane to leave the army, but you would only know if you were insane if you were sane (Catch 22) 

Term
Lewis Carroll
Definition
He wrote Alice in Wonderland and had a split personality.
Term
O.Henry
Definition
He wrote short stories with wit and suprise endings
Term
Mark Twain
Definition

His real name was Samuel Clemens.

He was known for stories of wild frontier and American classics like The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn

Term
Eric Blair
Definition
George Orwell's real name
Term
Winston Smith
Definition
The main character of 1984 who works and lives in and wants to revolt against the society and Big Brother
Term
Room 101
Definition
A torture room with one's worst fear inside (1984)
Term
Newspeak
Definition
a new language for distribution of history and news (1984)
Term
Syme
Definition

1. Smart, outgoing man who works with Winston in the Ministry of Truth

2. Specializes in language and is working on the Newspeak dictionary

3. Believed to be too intelligent to stay in the Party's favor 

Term
Two Minutes of Hate
Definition

two minutes of television and propagand showing the enemy and how they hate the Party and Big Brother

1. This is used to promote the Party and create loyalty - Brainwashing 

Term
Julia
Definition
Winson's lover, a beautiful dark-haired girl working in the Fiction Department at the Ministry of Truth. She enjoys sex, and claims to have had affairs with many Party members. She is pragmatic and optimistic; her rebellion against the Party is small and personal, for her own enjoyment, in contrast to Winston's ideological motivation
Term
O'Brien
Definition
A mysterious, powerful, and sophisticated member of the Inner Party whom Winston believes is also a memeber of the Brotherhood, thelegendary group of anti-Party rebels.
Term
Emmanuel Goldstein
Definition
According to the Party, he is the legendary leader of the Brotherhood, or the enemies. He seems to have been a Party leader who fell out of favor with the regime. He is described as one of the most dangerous and treacherous men in Oceana.
Term

Big Brother

Definition
he is the perceived ruler of Oceania. His face is located everywhere you look with the message: "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU." His image is stamped on coins and braodcast on the unavoidable telescreens.  He haunts Winston's life and fills him with hatred and facination (1984)
Term

Judas Iscariot

Definition
"I love you" - When Julia betrays Wilson
Term
Yoknapatawpha
Definition
A fictional rurla setting of As I Lay Dying; named for the old Chickasaw word for the Yocona River that ran south of Oxford.
Term
Faulkner
Definition
The Author and winner of the Nobel Prize, his most famous novel is The Sound and the Fury
Term
Billy Pilgrim
Definition

He is a WWII verteran, POW survivor of the firebombing of Dresden, prospering optometrist, husband, and father. He is the protagonist of the novel who 'comes unstuck intime' - he walks through a door at one moment inhis life and suddenly finds himself in another time and place.

Term

Describe the Title of Slaughterhouse-Five

Definition
Slaughterhouse Five is the building in which Billy and his troops stayed when Dresden was being bombed
Term
Dresden
Definition
A city in Europe during WWII that was fire bombed until it was leveled - civilians shot as well - US government keeps it all hush-hush
Term

What was Vonnegut's writing style?

Definition
He used satire and black comedy
Term
Frazier
Definition
A former classmet of Burris's at graduate school and now the founding member of Walden II.  He was driven by an urge to dominate and achieve.
Term
Jon Savage
Definition
He was the son of the Director and Linda and the only major character to have grown up outside of the World State (with 'savages'). The consummate outsider, he has spent his life alienated from his village on the New Mexico Savage Reservation, and he finds himself similarly unable to fit into World State society. His entire worldview is based on his knowledge of Shakespeare's plays, which he can quote with great facility.
Term
Soma
Definition

This is a drug that is a symbol of the instant gratification to control the World State's populace.  It is also a symbol of the powerful influence of science and technology of society.  It is a kind of 'sacrament,' it also represents the use of religion to control society.

Term
Bernard Marx
Definition
He is an Alpha who is failing to fit in due to his inferior physical stature. He holds unorthodox beliefs about sexual relationships, sports, and community events. His insecurity about his size and status makes him discontented with the World State.  Bernard's surname recalls Karl marx, a nineteenth-centruy German author best known for writing Capital, a monumental critique of capitalist society. Unlike his famous nameskae, Bernard's discontent stems frmo his frutrated desire to fit into his own society, rather than from a systematic or philosophical criticism of it.
Term
Bokanovsky Process
Definition
The five castes (Alpha, Beta, Delta, Gamma, Epsilon) with the exception of ALpha and Beta undergo the Bokanovsky Process which involves shocking an egg so taht it divides to form up to ninety-six identical embryos, which then develop into ninety-six identical human beings.  The Bokanovsky Process facilitates social stability because the clones it produces are predestined to perform identical tasks at identical machines.
Term
Hypnopoedia
Definition

A recorded voice whispers to each sleeping child.  It States that Alpha children have to work harder than other classes and it sidparages the lower intelligences and inferiority of the lower castes, teaches pride and happiness in the Beta caste (Betas do not have to work as hard as the cleverer Alphas, it explains, but they are still smarter than the Gammas, Deltas, and Epsilons.) The director explains that the lesson will be repeated one hundred and twenty times, three times a wkke, for thirty months. Hypnopaedia instills the fine distinctions and prejudices for which electric shocks and alarms are too crude.  Hypnopaedia, the Director concludes, is "the greatest moralizing and socializing force of all time."

Term
Alexander Solzenitsyn
Definition

He is the most recent highly-esteemed Russian writer.  he was sentenced to eight years in labor camps for criticizing Stalin.  His book supports anti-Stalin movements, and criticizes all leaders who use power for self-aggrandizement to victimize ordinary men and women and he encountered increasing opposition from the Soviets.

One Day is his first published work - his work expresses a conviction that one of the literature's main purposes is enlightenment.  The apparent conflict between this principle and the Marxist doctrine that the primary duty of literature is to support the state is the root of his conflict with Russian authorities.

Term
Zek
Definition

He is prisoner in a Russian work camp (zulag)

Term
Gulag
Definition
A forced labor camp in the former USSR
Term
High Comedy
Definition

This is when an action is completed, the audience recognizes a set of charming contraditions.

EX:

1. Romantic sentiments shown to be illusions, yet romantic triumphs

2. High comedy sustains a sense of general wonder

3. Ideas of myths of the golden age endure

4. Natural simplicity is shown to be lovely fiction

5. All is forgiven because characters understand all

6. Emphasis on the cycle of seasons, representing and unending pattern of renewal

7. Promises social justice or spiritual salvation

8. Momentarily captures the conditions for delight, joy, and peace, suggesting and enchanting, but impossible perspective

9. Tolerance modifies laughter; criticism is softened by sympathy

Term

Comedy of Manners

Definition

This devotes its energies to the relationship of the individual to society.

EX:

1. Concentrates on the individual's life as part of a group... many of the situations that yield laughter become familiar and through prepeated used achieve the status of cliche.

2. Clowns' nature exists, even in nice clothes; remains incompetent buffoon and finishes last

3. Lovers are lively and attractive - noticeable stereotypes

4. Prefers to view social arrangements rather than study human nature

Supporting users have an ad free experience!