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Holt Psychology
chap 18 Psychological Disorders
53
Psychology
12th Grade
05/04/2014

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Term
psychological disorders
Definition
behavior patterns or mental processes that cause serious personal suffering or interfere with a person's ability to cope with everyday life
Term
culture-bound syndromes
Definition
mental disorders in a specific culture
Term
anxiety
Definition
general state of dread or uneasiness that occurs in response to a vague or imagined danger
Term
phobia
Definition
fear
Term
simple phobia
Definition
most common phobia, persistent excessive or irrational fear of a particular object or situation (as in your phobia of playing singles at ECCs :))
Term
social phobia
Definition
fear of social situations
Term
panic attack
Definition
short period of intense fear or discomfort (shortness of breath, dizziness, rapid heart rate, trembling, shaking, choking, nausea,
Term
agoraphobia
Definition
fear of being in places or situations in which escape is difficult
Term
obsessions
Definition
unwanted thoughts, ideas, or mental images that occur over and over again
Term
compulsions
Definition
repetitive ritual behaviors often involving checking, or cleaning something
Term
post-traumatic stress disorder
Definition
feelings of anxiety that are caused by an experience so traumatic that it would produce stress in most people
Term
dissociation
Definition
separation of certain personality components or mental processes from conscious thought
Term
depersonalization
Definition
feelings of detachment from one's mental processes or body
Term
somatization
Definition
expression of psychological distress through physical symptoms (like being depressed but having your body become paralyzed)
Term
depression
Definition
helplessness, hopelessness, worthlessness, guilt or great sadness
Term
bipolar disorder
Definition
mood changes from depression to wild elation and back again
Term
mania
Definition
extreme elation or hyperactivity
Term
schizophrenia
Definition
3 types - paranoid, disorganized, catatonic
Term
catatonic stupor
Definition
Term
typicality
Definition
how typical a behavior is of people in general, whether the behavior is maladaptive, causes individual emotional discomfort or whether the behavior is socially acceptable
Term
maladaptivity
Definition
behavior that impairs an individual's ability to function adequately in everyday life
Term
emotional discomfort
Definition
feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, worthlessness, guilt, and extreme sadness
Term
socially acceptable behavior
Definition
behavior that violates a society's accepted norms
Term
latah
Definition
In Malaysia, hypersensitivity to sudden fright, often with nonsense mimicking of others; trance-like behavior
Term
zar
Definition
in middle east, shouting, laughing, head banging, or other inappropriate behavior that is believed to be caused by possession of the body by a spirit
Term
ghost sickness
Definition
native americans in US, bad dreams, hallucinations, fainting, and other symptoms believed to be due to preoccupation with death and the dead
Term
hwa-byung
Definition
in Korea, panic, depression, or other symptoms believed to be due to the suppression of anger
Term
susto
Definition
In Latino groups in US and Caribbean, unhappiness and illness following a frightening event that is believed to cause the soul to leave the body
Term
mal de ojo
Definition
In Mediterranean or elsewhere, sufferers, mostly children, are believed to be under the influence of an "evil eye" causing fitful sleep, crying, and sickness
Term
zoophobia
Definition
fear of animals
Term
claustrophobia
Definition
fear of enclosed spaces
Term
acrophobia
Definition
fear of heights
Term
arachnophobia
Definition
fear of spiders
Term
generalized anxiety disorder
Definition
GAD - excessive or unrealistic worry about life circumstances that lasts for at least 6 months
Term
obsessive-compulsive disorder
Definition
unwanted thoughts, ideas, or mental images that occur over and over again with compulsions (repetitive ritual behaviors often involving checking, or cleaning something)
Term
stress disorders
Definition
post traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder
Term
dissociative amnesia
Definition
sudden loss of memory usually following a traumatic event
Term
dissociative fugue
Definition
forgetting personal information and past events and suddenly relocating from home or work and taking on a new identity
Term
dissociative identity disorder
Definition
2 or more personalities in 1 person
Term
depersonalized disorder
Definition
feelings of detachment from one's mental processes or body
Term
conversion disorder
Definition
change in or loss of physical functioning in a major part of the body with no known medical explanation
Term
hypochondriasis
Definition
preoccupation with thoughts that one has a serious disease
Term
major depression
Definition
most common - has at least 5 of these symptoms:
1 persistent depressed mood
2 loss of interest or pleasure in all activities
3 weight loss or gain due to changes in appetite
4 sleeping more or less than usual
5 speeding up or slowing down of emotional reactions
6 loss of energy
7 worthlessness or guilt
8 trouble concentrating and making decisions
9 thoughts of death or suicide
Term
paranoid schizophrenia
Definition
delusions or hearing voices
Term
disorganized schizophrenia
Definition
incoherent in thoughts and speech and disorganized in behavior
Term
catatonic schizophrenia
Definition
disturbance in movement; people may hold unusual uncomfortable positions for long periods of time, even after their arms and legs swell and stiffen
Term
paranoid personality disorder
Definition
distrustful of others
Term
schizoid personality disorder
Definition
no interest in relationships with others
Term
antisocial personality disorder
Definition
disregard for rights of others
Term
avoidant personality disorder
Definition
people want relationships with others but can't because they fear disapproval of others
Term
DSM
Definition
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Term
hematophobia
Definition
fear of blood
Term
aviaphobia
Definition
fear of flying
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