Term
| What are the characteristics of living things? |
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Definition
1. cellular organization
2. growth and development
3. homeostasis
4. reproduction
5. metabolism
6. heredity
7. responsiveness |
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Term
| what are the steps in the scientific method? |
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Definition
1. make observations
2. identify the problem/question
3.write a hypothesis
4. conduct an experiment
5. data analysis and conclusion |
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Term
| what are the 4 things a good expirement must have? |
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Definition
-control group
-test only one variable
- repeated test subjects
-collects relevant data
-standard measurement
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical processes |
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Term
| What are the three types of particles and what are their charges? |
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Definition
proton: positive
neutron: o
electron: negative |
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Term
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Definition
| indicates the number of protons and neutrons in the the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| tells the number of protons in the nucleus |
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Term
| how do you find the number of neutrons? |
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Definition
| mass number-atmoic number=neutrons |
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Term
element
what are some examples of elements? |
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Definition
a pure substance made up of only one type of atom
ex:carbon, helium, hydrogen, and oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| an alternate form of an element that has a different number of neutrons |
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Term
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Definition
| substances made up of 2 or more atoms |
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Term
| how many electrons does the outer level hold? Except for in what two elements and how many do their outer levels hold? |
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Definition
| all but hydrogen and helium hold 8. Hydrogen and helium only hold 2 |
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Term
| An atom is stable when its out electron level is______. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds |
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Term
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Definition
| a chemical bond that forms when two or more atoms share electrons to form a molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| a chemical bond that forms between ions or opposite charge and holds them together |
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Term
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Definition
| a charged atom that has gained or lost electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| a weak chemical attraction between charged molecules |
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Term
non-polar molecule
and an example |
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Definition
equal distribution of electrical charge in a molecule
ex: oil |
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Term
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Definition
| is the result of an uneven sharing of electrons in a bond |
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Term
| the four organic compounds |
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Definition
| carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and protein |
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Term
| building blocks of carbohydrates |
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Definition
| carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
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Term
| building blocks of nucleic acids |
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Definition
| nucleotides: a sugar, a base, and a phosphate group |
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Term
| building blocks of protein? |
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Definition
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Term
| building blocks of lipids? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the two main types of fats? |
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Definition
| saturated fats and unsaturated fats |
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Term
| Three types of a carbohydrates and their functions |
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Definition
1, monosaccharide-glucose-energy source
2. disaccharide-sugar-energy source
3. polysaccharide-starch-store energy |
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Term
| Two types of nucleic acids and their functions |
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Definition
1. DNA- store heredity information, controls the cell
2. RNA-manufactures proteins and can act as an enzyme |
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Term
| Four types of proteins and their functions |
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Definition
1. collagen-structual function, found in skin, bones, ligaments, and tendons
2. hemoglobin- carries oxygen from lungs to body tissues
3. Enzymes- promote chemical reaction
4. Antibodies- help fight infection in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to move or change matter |
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Term
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Definition
| a process during which chemical bonds are broken and new bonds are formed creating one or more new substances |
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Term
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Definition
| starting materials and newly formed substances |
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Term
Energy releasing reaction
vs.
Energy Absorbing reaction |
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Definition
Energy releasing: net loss of energy
Energy absorbing: net gain of energy |
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Term
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Definition
| the energy needed to start a chemical reaction |
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Term
| What is an enzyme and what effects their activity? |
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Definition
an enzyme speeds up chemical reactions
Effected by: temperature and Ph |
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Term
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Definition
| substances that reduce the activation energy of a chemical reaction |
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Term
| how much of your body is made up of water? |
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Definition
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Term
| Water heats more ____ and retains heat ____ than other substances |
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Definition
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Term
Many organisms release excess heat through____. so water helps maintain _____
(property of water) |
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Definition
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Term
Water bonds to ___ and other____
(property of water) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
cohesion: is an attraction between molecules of the same kind
adhesion: attraction between substances of different kinds |
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Term
Hydrophilic
vs
Hydrophobic |
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Definition
Hydrophilic: water loving- when a substances dissolves because of the polarity of water
Hydrophobic: water fearing- when substances do not dissolve in water |
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Term
Water_____ many substances
(property of water) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
polar: dissolve in water
non-polar: do not dissolve in water |
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Term
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Definition
| the concentration of H+ ions |
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Term
| Acids form what charge when dissolved in ions |
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Definition
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Term
| Bases form what charge when dissolved in water |
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Definition
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Term
what is this an example of?
[image]
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Definition
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