Term
| refers to a drug or ART (not previously on); could be no therapy or naïve to a certain class (like protease inhibitors) |
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Definition
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Term
| previously on ART (specific class or any ART); could be a patient that contracted it from someone who was on ART so now you are treating an experienced virus |
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Definition
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Term
| brief elevation in viral load; transient, return to normal in most patients; happens to 1/4 patients on ART |
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Definition
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Term
| change in initial therapy due to medication intolerance, medication failure or virologic failure; change regiment (usually more complex) |
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Definition
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Term
| Highly drug-experienced patient, running out of options medication "recycling" |
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Definition
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Term
| most common in U.S.- B is most prevalent in U.S., more virulent, relatively easily transmitted |
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Definition
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Term
| sub-Saharan, Africa; not as virulent |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| genotype (drug resistance) |
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Term
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Definition
| phenotype (drug resistance) |
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Term
| change from environmental stimuli- relationship of virus to CD4+ co-receptor |
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Definition
| tropism (drug resistance) |
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Term
| orchestrate communicating among other cell types of the immune system; HIV predominately attacks the helper cells |
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Definition
| CD4+ Helper T Lymphocytes |
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Term
| cell-surface markers (proteins) that allow for categorization of T-cells (and other cell types) into specific lymphocyte subtypes e.g., CD2+, CD3+, CD8+ etc |
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Definition
| CD: Clusters of Differentiation |
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Term
| protease inhibitors have high whereas the nucleoside class have low |
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Definition
| genetic barrier to resistance |
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Term
| very potent at blocking the HIV replication, very well tolerated medication, most popular class, not super high genetic barrier to reisistance but it's up there |
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Definition
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Term
| CD4 count < 200 or <14% total lymphocytes |
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Definition
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Term
| Onset of symptoms: 2-6 weeks- incubation period is prolonged; Acute viral syndrome 50-90%; rapid, extensive viral replication; "flu-like" symptoms, mononucleosis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Asymptomatic state, complacency in community, viral resistance (>25% new cases are resistant) |
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Term
| ELISA, I.F.A.; $44/test (1 wk), $60/test (3 business days); 24 hours support/counseling |
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Definition
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Term
| ELISA, Western blot; $100/3 tests- clinics and offices only, 3 days |
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Definition
| OraSure- SKB (oral transudate) |
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Term
| 5 FDA approved; only as rapid as the lab will do them |
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Definition
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Term
| OraQuick Advance; Reveal G2 (Medmira); Multispot HIV-1/HIV-2 (Bio-Rad Labs); Uni-Gold Recombigen (Trinity Biotech) |
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Definition
| Occupational exposure, ED, STD clinics |
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Term
| FDA approval: Nov 2010; results in 60 seconds! Highly sensitive: 99.8% in fingerstick whole blood |
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Definition
| INSTI HIV-1 Antibody Test (bioLytical) |
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Term
| within 3 months you should be able to catch everyone infected... people have sex and use drugs, our job is to reduce risk of exposure |
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Definition
| Window for Antibody Detection |
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Term
| CD4 absolute count (i.e. 189), Percent CD4 (i.e.12%) |
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Definition
| CD4 lymphocytes (surrogate marker) |
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Term
| HIV RNA: PCR, plasma (i.e. 115,000 copies/mL) |
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Definition
| Viral Load (Surrogate marker) |
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Term
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Definition
| HIV binds to CD4+ receptor |
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Term
| Normal 800-1000 cells/mm3 |
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Definition
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Term
| Safe-havens for the virus |
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Definition
| CSF, lymph tissue, resting latently infected CD4+ |
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Term
| Antibody testing, CD4 count, Plasma HIV RNA, Genotype resistance testing, HLA-B*5701 (if positive you CANNOT give abacavir), Co-receptor tropism (if considering CCR5 antagonist) |
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Definition
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Term
| Guidelines- General Concepts |
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Definition
| Combination Therapy; Resistance Testing; Adherence |
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Term
| Bloodborne Pathogen: 30% Risk |
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Definition
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Term
| Bloodborne Pathogen: 3% Risk |
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Definition
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Term
| Bloodborne Pathogen: 0.3% RIsk |
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Definition
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Term
| Perinatal Transmission: most transmission occurs during this period |
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Definition
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Term
| not well tolerated, preg cat C but still often used in pregnancy (SE: anemia) (txt prophylaxis in pregnant mother) |
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Definition
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Term
| hepatic/rash toxicity (esp. when CD4 < 250) (txt prophylaxis w/ pregnant mother) |
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Definition
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Term
| preg cat D (neural tube defects preg wk 5-6) |
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Definition
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Term
| protease inhibitors in pregnant women |
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Definition
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Term
| Recommended Vaccinations in HIV + Adults |
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Definition
| tetanus, diphtheria pertussis, HPV, influenza (inactivated), pneumococcal (both PCV13, PPSV23), Hep B |
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Term
| Contraindicated Vaccines in HIV + Adults |
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Definition
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