Term
| HIV: What happens at the cellular level? |
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Definition
-retrovirus infects the T helper cells that express CD4 (captains) on their cells
-HIV replicates and lies dormant until the host cell activates an immune response
-billions of HIV buds are produced and destroyed every day along with CD4 cells
-inactive B cell antibodies are produced (can be detected 6w-6m after initial exposure) |
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Term
| Acute Retroviral Syndrome |
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Definition
-AKA: Primary HIV Infection
-period of time between initial exposure to the virus and the appearance of HIV antibodies
-6w-6m period, HIV replication is rapid
-Immune system produces HIV antibodies
-Flu-like S/S develop days to weeks within HIV exposure, lasting a few days to several months. |
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Term
| Seroconversion Completion |
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Definition
-flu like symptoms resolve
-viral load decreases to normal
Seroconversion: specific antibodies become detectable in the blood, 6w-6m after onset of PHI |
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Term
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Definition
OraQuick Rapid HIV-1 Antibody Test: results in 20 minutes, 99% accurate
Uni-Gold Recombigen: results in 10 minutes, 100% accuracy |
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Term
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Definition
| OraQuick Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test: results in 20 minutes, 99% accuracy |
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Term
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Definition
-initial blood test
-screens for antibodies, not HIV virus
-performed after oral or finger stick tests
-99.5% accurate when pt waits 12 weeks before testing
-if + will do western blod test |
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Term
| Western Blot Antibody Test |
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Definition
-when combined with ELISA, 99.9% accurate
-blood is mixed with HIV proteins, watch for antigen-antibody response |
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Term
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Definition
-screens for HIV and Hep C in blood donors
-highly sensitive, detects RNA from HIV |
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Term
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Definition
-measures the amount of actively replicating HIV cells
-correlates with progression of dx and response to medications
-recommended every 3-6months once HIV+
->5000-10000 indicated need for treatment |
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Term
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Definition
-correlates closely with immunodeficiency disorders in AIDS
-700-1000 per drop of blood is normal
-recommended every 3-6 months once HIV+ |
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Term
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Definition
-HIV antigen presence
-indicates active reproduction of HIV |
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Term
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Definition
-flu like
-weight loss
-mono s/s
-few days to few weeks
-unsuspected pt has HIV |
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Term
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Definition
-"in storage" virus
-virus clusters in lymph node, low in blood stream
-inner fighting
-8-10 years mean sverage
-CD4 cells decrease, seroconversion taking place |
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Term
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Definition
-"opportunistic infections"- things most people wouldnt get with normal immunity
-CD4 cells depleting
-virus raging in blood
-2-3 years avg |
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Term
| 4th Stage/ Aids Transformation: S/S |
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Definition
-helper T cells <200
-death in approximately 1 year |
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Term
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Definition
1.) HIV positive and CD4 cell count <200.... -OR-
2.) HIV positive and AIDS defining illness |
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Term
| Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia |
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Definition
-most common opportunistic infection
-CD4 <200
-fungus |
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Term
| Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia S/S |
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Definition
-cough
-fever
-SOB
-tachypnea
-tachycardia |
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Term
| Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia: Tx |
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Definition
-antibiotics
-bactrim
-septra
*toxic to liver and kidneys |
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Term
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Definition
-Opportunitic infection
-CD4 <100
-present with cold sores, genital sores to extreme degree |
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Term
| Toxoplasmosis: Effects, Tx |
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Definition
-airborne parasite
-imbeds in brain, decreases cerebral perfusion, leads to encephalitis
-tx: sulfa drugs |
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Term
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Definition
-CMV, effects eyes and variable parts of body
-CD4 <50 |
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Term
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Definition
-oportunistic infection
-oral thrush, vaginal thrush
-often first indicator of progression to AIDs |
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Term
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Definition
-immunity declines= higher risk for cancers
-kaposis sarcoma
-non-hodgkins lymphoma
-primary lymphoma of the brain
-invasive cervical cancer |
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Term
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Definition
-mainly effects homosexual men with AIDs
-often presenting symptoms of AIDs
-tumor of endothelial cells lining small blood vessels |
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