Term
|
Definition
| Austrian monk who discovered genes |
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|
Term
| Scientific investment in the US and Soviet Union |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| 1953-carries the genetic information for the basis of life |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Contestants in the Space Age? Goal? |
|
Definition
US-date gathering and instrumentation
Russia-power, size, left heavy objects |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Mary Wollestonecraft-Book- Vindication of Women's Rights
Marie Curie-Nobel prize-physics and radium
Florence Nightingale-nurse=british army/Crimean war
Amelia Blommer-invented 'trousers'/bloomers |
|
|
Term
| Why'd the Dual Monarch irrate Russia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Serbia ambition that made Austria nervous? |
|
Definition
| formers might rebuild the strength of the Ottoman empire |
|
|
Term
| Why'd Russia support Slavs? |
|
Definition
| they didn't want to work with the Dual Monarchy |
|
|
Term
| Why were Germany and France enemies? |
|
Definition
| Germany defeated France and then switched sides |
|
|
Term
| Why's British distrust Germany? Who won the naval race? |
|
Definition
Germany didn't want to quarrel with GB.
however, Germany was pressured into interst in colonial affairs and naval expansion trying to stir up anti-British feelings
British won naval race |
|
|
Term
| What made the war mechanized? |
|
Definition
| horses, cars, railroads, weapons |
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Term
|
Definition
| Austria Hungary & Germany |
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Term
|
Definition
GB, France, Russia
later Japan, China, US, Italy |
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Term
|
Definition
| Spain, Switzerland, Holland, Scandinavia |
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|
Term
| Russia's conditions at the end of war? |
|
Definition
| ill army and industry couldn't keep up with soldiers needs |
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Term
|
Definition
| intellectual scholars started riots b/c Russian people wanted peace and independence |
|
|
Term
| Who was the first state in the world to have a Marxist government? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strong Russian socialist party |
|
|
Term
| How did Central Europe and the Baltic states breakup? What new countries formed? |
|
Definition
used what was left of Turkey->took former Ottoman Territories and Arab States
New Turkey, Czechoslovakia, reduced Hungary, reborn in Poland |
|
|
Term
| What caused collapse of Russia's tsarist state? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky? |
|
Definition
| won power for Russia Bolsheviks-teaching the teaching of Marx as truth |
|
|
Term
| USSR(Union of Soviet Socialist Rupublic) declared Russia's land.... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| harsh-fierce war, resources destroyed, took food from peasants to feed the town, famine, drought, millions died, cases of cannibalism |
|
|
Term
| How did the revolution in Russia NOT fit Karl Marx predictions? |
|
Definition
| backward and poverty stricken land |
|
|
Term
| Post war conditions in Europe? |
|
Definition
| whole villages were reduced and towns were taken off the map;cities were starving;soldiers couldn't find jobs;elders and children were dieing from diseases;influenza epidemic |
|
|
Term
| What stood in the way of Germany's recovery? |
|
Definition
| 'reparations'-payments to the allies |
|
|
Term
| Fascism: What country? Promoted/Supports? |
|
Definition
| Italy; adoption of a strong and tough authoritarian |
|
|
Term
| Post war problems in Italy? |
|
Definition
| inflation, poor grew worse; unemployment grew |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leader of fascist. bluffed government by dismissing them for the day and created another government |
|
|
Term
| European countries that turned their backs on democracy? Governed? |
|
Definition
Soviet RUSSIA & Fascist ITALY
generals and monarchs |
|
|
Term
| Three main factors that helped undermine democracy |
|
Definition
economic hardships
fear of COMMUNISM
violent NATIONALISM |
|
|
Term
| Grievances German nationalist have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| biographical details and beliefs in Mein Kampf... |
|
Definition
| natural selection by struggle, antisemitism, and admiration for German medieval empire |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
National Socialist German Worker's Party
Nazi |
|
|
Term
| Nazi belief/desire? taken seriously? |
|
Definition
denouncing Versailles peace&claiming all Germans should be united in one state
NO |
|
|
Term
| world economy from 1919-1939 |
|
Definition
| Europe was repairing war damage;phase of collapse across the world |
|
|
Term
| significant results from the 1930's slump |
|
Definition
| government was interfering even more |
|
|
Term
| THREE explanations for improved economic conditions between 1925-1929 |
|
Definition
| world output/trade;currency steady;laggards caught up(GB) |
|
|
Term
| why was the US the "biggest national economy in the world?" |
|
Definition
| paid off all debts & big domestic market; helped other countries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Oct 1929-'Wall Street Crash' |
|
|
Term
| cycle US economic conditions affected other countries? |
|
Definition
| cut back on production->workers lost jobs->demand fell->overseas buyers couldn't buy exports; less business done by shipping firms;banks couldn't lend money |
|
|
Term
| industrial countries that suffered from economic collapse? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was in the worst plight of all? Why? |
|
Definition
| South American or African peasant-tied to market for one product |
|
|
Term
| tariffs caused slower recovery? |
|
Definition
| natural to adopt for short term, but handicapped manufacturing relying of exports |
|
|
Term
| significance for China in 1911 |
|
Definition
| founding of Chinese republic-2000 years of empire ended |
|
|
Term
| India and Indochina economically important for WWI? |
|
Definition
India-army recruited millions without a draft
Indochina-100,000 served in French army |
|
|
Term
| influence of Bolshevik Revolution have in Asian countries? |
|
Definition
| political influence by propaganda |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nothing was done to meet the needs of Chinese peasant |
|
|
Term
| Declaration Japan was hoping for in the Treaty of Versailles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1933-Japanese crossed the Great Wall and occupied part of China-brought KMT and CCP back together in alliance against Japan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Auto-Van-Bismark made Germany the strongest country and protected himself with the SYSTEM OF ALLIANCES
nationalism |
|
|
Term
| Why'd Russia drop out of the System of Alliances? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What religion does Serbia and Russia share?
What is their ethnic background? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 themes carried over from the 1800's? |
|
Definition
industrialization
liberalism
socialism=total war
nationalism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Germany vs France
Serbia vs Austria Hungary
Austria Hungary vs England
England vs Germany
Germany vs US |
|
|
Term
| Who assassinated Austrian archduke, Franz Ferdinand and his wife? |
|
Definition
the black hand
*kicked off WWI |
|
|
Term
| When did the US enter WWI? |
|
Definition
| when Germany started using submarines-1917 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| British submarine carrying US passengers |
|
|
Term
| Did Austria-Hungary seem to intentionally start the WWI over a small issue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WWI was the beginning of _____ warfare? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If _____ wouldn't have entered the war, it was believed it wouldn't have ended a year after they got in. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was underlying/cause of the war? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| BC of ______ European countries supported their countries in the war |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| every aspect of a person's life should be affected in war |
|
|
Term
| WWI was the reason why ____ was allowed to take over Russia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When was the womens bread march?
Why? |
|
Definition
| 1917-they couldn't get bread that they wanted |
|
|
Term
| provisional government creates a power______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
violent revolution(karl marx idea)
small elite of intellectuals to run things-allowed him to make communism work in Russia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did Linen and Leon take control over... |
|
Definition
| dictatorships, banks, and everyone was forced to work |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Treaty of Versailles:From?
Clemenceau-from
Woodrow Wilson
Llyod George |
|
Definition
Clemenceau-France
Woodrow Wilson-US
Llyod George-Great Britain |
|
|
Term
| 2 important things about the peace talks? |
|
Definition
1.some of what they talked about could lead to war
AH and the Ottoman empire had broken up into small states |
|
|
Term
how much did the war cost?
Who wanted who to pay for it? |
|
Definition
332 billion
France wanted Germany |
|
|
Term
| What did the US want during the Treaty of Versailles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did Asia desire for? |
|
Definition
| imperialism and racial equality |
|
|
Term
| nationalism offered a vision of a ___ and ____ future |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| While Asian soldiers were fighting in France, what did they notice? |
|
Definition
| variety of food, industrialization, and freedoms |
|
|
Term
| _country_ and _country_ made promises they couldn't fulfill |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who had a communist influence on Asia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What obstacles did the Communist leaders of Russia face |
|
Definition
| they couldn't wipe the slate clean. They had to start with the backward(illiterate and peasants)European countries |
|
|
Term
| Who was the most important figure in Russian history since Peter the Great |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what two cost did Stalin implement on two Five Year Plans |
|
Definition
| a Marxist government and the police and army would control by force |
|
|
Term
| What price did the Russian people pay, especially when collectivization was enforced |
|
Definition
wages fell and their grain farms were taken over by Stalin
peasants slaughtered their animals, rather than gave them up |
|
|
Term
| Describe Stalin’s purges |
|
Definition
| people were shot in court or complete disappeared for crimes;labour camps;servants disappeared;half the officers in the army were removed; and nine:ten generals were shot |
|
|
Term
| What was prohibition, and what effect did it have on American society? |
|
Definition
| banning the making and sale of alcohol;encouraged organized crime and the brewing and smuggling of alcohol |
|
|
Term
| What were the effects of the October 1929 stock market crash |
|
Definition
| mortgages were foreclosed, bankruptcies multiplied, and banks could not collect debts |
|
|
Term
| What conditions in Germany made it possible for Hitler to rise to power |
|
Definition
| 6 million were unemployed and feared inflation-economy was bad |
|
|
Term
| How was Hitler able to keep power once he was appointed Chancellor |
|
Definition
| he created a new election group |
|
|
Term
| What freedoms were taken from the Germans under Hitler |
|
Definition
| strikes, no trade unions, churches were stressed; and the universities purged |
|
|
Term
| What did Hitler seek to do? |
|
Definition
| undo the Treaty of Versailles and win German territory in the East |
|
|
Term
| Why were other countries, especially England, “unwilling to resist his demands" |
|
Definition
| they had bad consciences; people were willing to make almost any concession rather than risk another conflict |
|
|
Term
| What steps did Hitler take that made Britain and France start to build up their arsenals |
|
Definition
| withdrew from the League of Nations and reintroduced a clear breach of the Versailles treaty and announced he had an airforce |
|
|
Term
| What two European countries did Hitler take over in 1938? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diplomatic policy aimed at avoiding war by making concessions to another power |
|
|
Term
| What is the connection between Poland, Stalin, and the start of WWII |
|
Definition
| Germans wanted to get back Poland;Stalin said he could make a better deal with Poland;Germany invaded Poland-war began |
|
|
Term
| What event started WWII in Europe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When was war in Europe declared, and by whom?
declared war on whom? |
|
Definition
Sep 3 1939-British and France
Germany |
|
|
Term
| What countries did Germany successfully overrun |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was “the greatest Englishman of his age” and why? |
|
Definition
Winston Churchill
almost at once he won the air battle over Southern England |
|
|
Term
| What happened on 22 June 1941 |
|
Definition
| Hitler planned his attack on Russia(Soviet Union) |
|
|
Term
| What did Japan do as a result of British and French “embarrassments” in the west |
|
Definition
| occupy Indochina and close the Burma road |
|
|
Term
| With what country did the US sympathize in Asia, and what did we do about it (strategically)? |
|
Definition
China; American citizens were forbidden to supply goods
-oil |
|
|
Term
| What was Japan’s response? |
|
Definition
| they went to war with the US |
|
|
Term
| What were Hitler’s two great strategic errors? |
|
Definition
firing the first shot and
declaring war on US |
|
|
Term
| How did Hitler weaken on the eastern front and the home front? |
|
Definition
the winter deprived a quarter of a million troops
bombing on German cities |
|
|
Term
| Where was Mussolini of Italy trying to build an empire? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What ended the war in Europe? In Asia? |
|
Definition
| abomb fell at the place where they first establish contact four centuries ago-Japanese emperor decided to save what was left of his country and surrendered |
|
|
Term
| What had Hitler been doing throughout the war to Jews (and others) in Europe |
|
Definition
| torturing and starving them in camps |
|
|
Term
| What is the great irony of the Allied Powers’ involvement in WWII? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| key figure in existentialism(atheist) |
|
|
Term
Whos teachings were important in the revival of Christianity?
What was his idea? |
|
Definition
Kierkegaard
idea that they saw hell in WWI so it was natural to believe in heaven
-believed humans were sinful but forgiving |
|
|
Term
| Who was the German that discovered the atomic bomb? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did the psychologist, Sigmund Freud believe? |
|
Definition
| believed human behavior was irrational and they operate in id |
|
|
Term
What is an art that is about function rather than beautiful arches and detail?
example? |
|
Definition
functionalism
Fagus Shoe Factory by Walter Gropius, 1911 |
|
|
Term
Art:Modernism
What is the art expression of throwing out details and techniques |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Art Modernism:
What is cubism(Picasso) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| you are there, but it's hard to believe it is real |
|
|
Term
| What was the TV, radio, and movies apart of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What year did Germany suffer inflation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What German town did France take over because Germany couldn't pay their debts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was Germany's reaction to France coming in and taking over the city of Ruhr? |
|
Definition
ordered their workers to stop
result=starving workers
printed money, however the money wasn't worth anything |
|
|
Term
| Who wrote "One began to believe in heaven because one believed in hell" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was Franklin Roosevelt and what was his effort to get the country out of the depression? |
|
Definition
President-elected in 1932
created the NEW DEAL |
|
|
Term
| What was the point of the New Deal? |
|
Definition
| for government not to take over industries, but create more jobs |
|
|
Term
| What were four things that were brought along with the new deal? |
|
Definition
government sponsored employment
limit farm production-made prices rise
social security(gov enforced savings plan)
unemployment benefits |
|
|
Term
| When did America completely come out of depression? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When was the Great Depression? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Communism is an extreme version of _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two reasons that led to WWI |
|
Definition
assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
System of Alliances |
|
|
Term
| Bolsheviks Lenin and Leon believed in... |
|
Definition
Violent Revolution
small elite group should run things-allowed communism to work in Russia |
|
|
Term
| What did Woodrow Wilson want in the Treaty of Versailles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Congress would not accept the League of Nations in the US
What did congress want? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Imperialism weakened while nationalism strengthened in what country? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who has a communist influence on Asia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Turkey supported the _____ powers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In 1908 who can to power in Turkey? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who were the Young Turks? |
|
Definition
| group of intellectuals and young army men who want to bring back the Ottoman Empire(didn't work) |
|
|
Term
| What did the Turks do to people who was not a Muslim Turk? |
|
Definition
they would slaughter them
thousands of Armenian Christians died |
|
|
Term
| ____ and ____ made a secret treaty to break up the Ottoman Empire |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was the military leader and FATHER OF THE TURKS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did Ataturk do to the nation of Turkey? |
|
Definition
| modernized, secularized, and strengthened it |
|
|
Term
| What war caused Russia to be a communist country? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How did WWI intensify nationalism in Asian countries? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Iran is also known as...
Iran was divided between ___ and ___(Spheres of Influence) |
|
Definition
The Shah
Russia and Great Britian |
|
|
Term
| Who declared himself the Shah and military dictator of Iran? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was extremely Brutal and would kill his enemies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Under a level of British influence, who was independent |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what war did Afghanistan completely break away from British influence? |
|
Definition
| 1919 Holy War of Afghanistan |
|
|
Term
Afghanistan:
___ became the religion and ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Tigris and Euphrates River is where? |
|
Definition
Iraq-long time alliance with Great Britain
achieved independence |
|
|
Term
Syria went to what country?
won independence from France in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did Syria do with its people |
|
Definition
| kept them angry with each other |
|
|
Term
| What country was split off from Syria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Balfour Declaration(1917) |
|
Definition
| declaration that promised the establishment of a homeland for Jewish people in Palestine |
|
|
Term
| "Militant Violence, in Pursuit of Social Justice" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high inflation, starvation, high taxes, and influenza that swept out large chunks of populations |
|
|
Term
India wanted Land of the ___ to be created
what was the name |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where was the 1919 May 4th Movement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Strong ___ and ____ was growing in China |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chinese wanted what people out... |
|
Definition
| the starving and barely surviving people |
|
|
Term
| New Culture Movement was in what country |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| leader of Chinese communist AND his goal was to unite the peasants in a revolution and take over the Chinese government |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In 1934, 6000 Chinese ____ marched to the north and west and rallied together with ____ to bring communism there |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
high standard of living and literacy rate
quick growing population
produced goods the world needed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vulnerable economically and whatever happened around the world, they were effected |
|
|
Term
| 1937 ___ control was in Japan |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Japan attacked ____ because they wanted more land
Where did they take over |
|
Definition
China
Beijing and northern part of China |
|
|
Term
an event that Japanese soldiers for 7 weeks raped, murdered, stacked live babies, beheaded people, and buried people alive
no one in the world did anything about it |
|
Definition
|
|
