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HIstory
Final Exam
35
History
Undergraduate 3
05/07/2016

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Treaty of Versailles
Definition

Who: Germany and Allied Powers. What: One of the peace treaties that ended World War I. Ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. Where: Versailles, France Hall of Mirrors of the Palace. When: June 28, 1919. Significance: It ended World War I and limited Germany’s army to 100,000 men and made them pay for their damages to the other countries.

Term
Huey Long
Definition

: Louisiana Governor elected in 1928. Won a senate seat in 1932 eyed being the president before being shot September 10 1935. What:  He entered the U.S. Senate in 1935, where he developed a fervent following for his promises of a radical redistribution of wealth. Where: Louisiana. When: 1932 elected. 1935 was in the senate then got shot. Significance: Louisiana Governor that wanted to help underprivileged people by improving education, medical care, and public services. Developer of the "Share-Our-Wealth" program. Limited personal income to $1 million, and inheritance to $5 million.

Term
Fireside Chats
Definition

: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. What: is the term used to describe a series of 30 evening radio addresses given. 13-44 minutes in duration. Where: United States. When: March 12, 1933 June 12, 1944. Significance: On radio, he was able to quell rumors and explain his policies comprehensibly. His tone and demeanor communicated self-assurance during times of despair and uncertainty. Roosevelt was one of radio's greatest communicators, and the fireside chats kept him in high public regard throughout his presidency.

Term
Buying on Margin
Definition

Who: Federal Reserve Board. What: is the purchase of an asset by paying the margin and borrowing the balance from a bank or broker. Where: in the U.S. When: became the most popular in the 1920s. Significance: buying on margin is a popular way for investors to make more money than if they paid for the securities, in total.

Term
Dust Bowl
Definition

an area of land where vegetation has been lost and soil reduced to dust and eroded, especially as a consequence of drought or unsuitable farming practice. Where: Oklahoma, Kansas and Northern Texas. When: early 1930s. Significance: it caused 2.5 million people to leave the areas affected and move somewhere else.

 

Term
Civilian Conservation Corps
Definition

What: was a public work relief program that operated in the United States. Who: For unemployed and unmarried men from relief families as part of the New Deal. Where: United States. When: 1933-1942. Significance: to put young men to work planting trees at a time when people needed jobs to survive. FDR's New Deal set up several new programs to stimulate the economy and employ the people.

Term
WPA
Definition
Who: FDR and his New Deal. What: The WPA built sidewalks, government buildings, and similar public works throughout the United States. During the Great Depression, the WPA employed many people who could not find other work. Where: United States. When: 1935-1943. Significance:  It was significant because, it helped offset some of the mass unemployment and put people to work doing useful projects.
Term
Atlantic Charter
Definition
Who: Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill. What: An agreement that outlined potential war aims and cemented the relationship between the U.S. and Britain. Where: Placenta Bay off the coast of Newfoundland.  When: August 12 1941 it was signed while aboard naval ships. Significance: The Atlantic Charter established a vision for a post-World War II world. 
Term
Yalta Agreement
Definition

Who: Roosevelt Churchill and Stalin. What: Agreement negotiated at the 1945 Yalta Conference about the fate of Post war eastern Europe. The agreement did little to ease growing tensions between the Soviet Union and it’s Western Allies. Where: Yalta Conference in Livadia Palace near Yalta Crimea. When: February 4-11 1945. Significance: The three leaders agreed to demand Germany's unconditional surrender and began plans for a post-war world.

Term
Neutrality Acts
Definition

Who: Acts passed in the U.S. What: Acts passed to limit U.S. involvement in future wars. They were based on the widespread disillusionment with World War I in the early 1930s and the belief that the United States had been drawn into the war through loans and trade with the Allies. Where: The United States. When: 1935 1936 1937 1939. Significance:  These laws forbid the United States from providing any country in war with supplies such as soldiers, weapons, and loans. 

Term
Manhattan Project
Definition

Who: a code name for the atomic bomb made by the U.S. assisted by Canada and United Kingdom. What: U.S. History. The unofficial designation for the U.S. War Department’s secret program, organized in 1942, to explore the isolation of radioactive isotopes and the production of an atomic bomb. Where: Oakridge, Tennessee. When: it was finished in 1942. Significance: The significance of the Manhattan Project was to put an end to WWII by using weapons of mass destruction that forced Japan to surrender. It also opened opportunities for the research of more powerful nuclear atomic bombs and the use of them in future wars or conflicts. 

Term
Panay
Definition

Who: The USS Panay incident was a Japanese attack on the American gunboat Panay while it was anchored in the Yangtze River outside Nanking China.  What: An attack on an American gunboat named Panay. Where: Yangtze River. When: December 12 1937. 

Term
J. Robert Oppenheimer
Definition

: Who: father of the atomic bomb. What: he was the leader of the Manhattan project. Where: He led the scientific end of the Manhattan Project in Los Alamos, New Mexico, beginning in 1942. When: 1942. Born 1904 and died 1963. Significance: he led the Manhattan project.

Term
Korean War
Definition

Who: United Nations United States and Democratic People’s Republic of North Korea. What: Armed forces from communist North Korea smash into South Korea, setting off the Korean War. The United States, acting under the auspices of the United Nations, quickly sprang to the defense of South Korea and fought a bloody and frustrating war for the next three years. Where: in Korea. When: June 25, 1950 July 27, 1953. Significance: This war was the first shooting confrontation of the Cold War. It was a war in which victory was not the ultimate goal

Term
Mutually Assured Destruction
Definition

: Who: U.S and Soviet Union. What: is a doctrine of military strategy and national security policy in which a full-scale use of nuclear weapons by two or more opposing sides would cause the complete annihilation of both the attacker and the defender. Where: United States and Soviet Union When: started during the cold war 1940s until 1990. Significance: It described each nation's capability to wipe out the other with their nuclear arsenals, to the degree of several times over, should a nuclear exchange take place.

Term
Truman Doctrine
Definition

Who: Truman. What: the principle that the US should give support to countries or peoples threatened by Soviet forces or communist insurrection. First expressed in 1947 by US President Truman in a speech to Congress seeking aid for Greece and Turkey, the doctrine was seen by the communists as an open declaration of the Cold War. Where: U.S. When: addressed March 12 1947. Significance:  It was the start of the containment policy to stop Soviet expansion; it was also a major step in beginning the Cold War.

Term
HUAC
Definition

Who: United States House of Representatives. What: It was originally created in 1938 in order to uncover citizens with Nazi ties inside the United States, and it expanded its efforts, also investigating possible Communist Party infiltration. Where: U.S. When: 1938. Significance: It was significant in creating a panel to investigate communist ties on the part of private citizens, public employees, and organizations.

Term
Tet Offensive
Definition

Who: Communist Forces. What: A series of major attacks by communist forces in the Vietnam War. Early in 1968, Vietnamese communist troops seized and briefly held some major cities at the time of the lunar New Year, or Tet. Where: South Vietnam. When: Jan 31 1968. Significance: The 1968 Tet Offensive weakened American support of the Vietnam War and triggered the slow process of withdrawal of American military forces. It marked the turning point in the Vietnam War.

Term
NATO
Definition

WHO- 28 members overall, there were 12 founding members of the Alliance: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom and the United States. WHAT- The North Atlantic Treaty Organization created by the United States, Canada, and several Western European nations to provide collective security against the Soviet Union it also was the first peacetime military alliance the United States entered into outside of the Western Hemisphere WHERE- North Atlantic WHEN- 1949 SIGNIFICANCE- signified the military movement of the United States on Policy of Containment. The Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan had been the economical sanctions and creation of NATO symbolizes the beginning of the US military movement against the Soviet Union.

Term
Marshall Plan
Definition

WHO-  President Truman signed the Economic Recovery Act. It became known as the Marshall Plan, named for Secretary of State George Marshall. WHAT- was an American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the United States gave $13 billion. WHERE-  Untied States and western Europe WHEN- April 3, 1948 is when President Truman signed. SIGNIFICANE- because it was successful. The western European countries involved experienced a rise in their gross national products of 15 to 25% during this period.

Term
G.I. Bill
Definition

WHO- Roosevelt made the Bill. WHAT- The Servicemen's Readjustment Act known informally as the G.I. Bill, was a law that provided a range of benefits for returning World War II veterans WHERE- Unites States WHEN- June 22, 1944 SIGNIFICANE-  because it gave veterans money after what they had to go through during the war. And it helped tremendously.

Term
Sputnik
Definition

WHO- Soviet Union WHAT- launched the earth's first artificial satellite, Sputnik I. The successful launch came as a shock to experts and citizens in the United States, who had hoped that the United States would accomplish this scientific advancement first. WHERE- America and Soviet Union WHEN- October 4, 1957 SIGNIFICANE- it gave fear to Americans because they felt like they were behind in technology, which pushed school to encourage kids to like science. 

Term
Berlin Airlift
Definition

WHO- President Truman (USA); Winston Churchill (UK) and Josef Stalin (Soviet Union) WHAT- met at Potsdam to divide Germany into what they saw as four temporary occupation zones which berlin was located deep in the Soviet Union. The United States and United Kingdom then responded by airlifting food and fuel to Berlin from Allied airbases in western Germany. WHERE- deep in the Soviet Union, between USA, UK, & Soviet Union WHEN- In July 1945 SIGNIFICANCE- it prevented from Soviet Union controlling all of Berlin 

Term
Tupperware
Definition

WHO- Earl Tupper WHAT- was to store food in a plastic container WHERE- United States WHEN- it was founded in 1946 SIGNIFICANCE- because it would store your food and be able to eat your meal again the next day, and plus money people didn’t have refrigerators to store their food. 

Term
Great Society
Definition

; WHO-President Lyndon B. Johnson WHAT- was a set of domestic programs in the United States. The main goal was the elimination of poverty and racial injustice WHERE- United States WHEN- 1964–65 SIGNIFICANCE- it reduced the poverty in America.

Term
Levittown
Definition

WHO- Abraham Levitt and his two sons, William and Alfred WHAT- broke ground on a planned community located in Nassau County, Long Island. Within a few years, the Levitts had transformed the former farmland into a suburban community housing thousands of men—many of whom were veterans returned from World War II—and their families. WHEN- 1947-1957 WHERE- United States, New York. SIGNIFICANCE- It housed thousands of men and women and lot of them where military.

Term
Brown vs. Board of Education
Definition

WHO-  Oliver Brown WHAT- is generally viewed as the turning point in the Civil Rights Movement. Ending the legal basis for racial segregation in schools and other public facilities in the United States, the case overturned legal precedent set in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), WHEN- 1954 WHERE- United States SIGNIFICANCE- was a big turning in civil rights that ended segregation in schools. 

Term
Sit-Ins
Definition

WHO- Most notable was four black college students, Joseph McNeil, Franklin McCain, David Richmond and Ezell Blair, sat down at a “whites-only” lunch counter at a Woolworth’s in Greensboro, N.C. WHAT- A form of nonviolent protest, employed during the civil rights movement and later in the movement against the Vietnam War. In a sit-in, demonstrators occupy a place open to the public, such as a racially segregated WHEN- During the civil rights Movement and during the Vietnam War WHERE- United States SIGNIFICANCE- showed African Americans to stand up for themselves and caught on all around America and showed a powerful, message towards the whites.

Term
Cuban Missile Crisis
Definition

WHO- John F. Kennedy, (Soviet Union) Khrushchev, Fidel Castro WHAT- in a tense, 13-day political and military standoff over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles on Cuba, just 90 miles from U.S. shores. WHEN- OCTOBER 1962 WHERE-  Caribbean Sea, by Cuba SIGNIFICANCE- was the closes America came into a Nuclear war

Term
Betty Friedan
Definition

WHO- Betty Friedan WHAT- was an American writer, activist, and feminist. A leading figure in the women's movement in the United States, her book The Feminine Mystique is often credited with sparking the second wave of American feminism in the WHEN- February 4, 1921 – February 4, 2006 WHERE- SIGNIFICNCE- broke new ground by exploring the idea of women finding personal fulfillment outside of their traditional roles. She also helped advance the women's rights movement as one of the founders of the National Organization for Women (NOW

Term
National Organization for Women
Definition

; WHO- Muriel Fox, Betty Friedan, and Shirley Chischlom WHAT-. Fifteen women who were in Washington to promote this resolution met at the suggestion of the feminist author and activist Betty Friedan to discuss founding a new feminist civil rights organization. On 29 October that year, 300 women met in Washington, D.C., as the founding convention of (NOW) WHEN- June 30, 1966 WHERE- Washington D.C SIGNIFICANCE-   [image]equality were part of an international human rights movement and challenged the United States to pay attention to women's grievances and demands.

Term
Watergate
Definition

WHO- President Richard Nixon WHAT- was a major political scandal that occurred in the United States in the 1970s, following a break-in at the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C. and President Richard Nixon's administration's attempted cover-up of its involvement WHERE- United States WHEN- June 17, 1972 SIGNIFICANE- lead to president Nixon to resign from office.

Term
Television
Definition

WHO- Philo Farnsworth, & Charles Francis Jenkins WHAT- made to entertain the family and only had a very few channels WHERE- United States WHEN- September 7, 1972 SIGNIFICANE- lead to people being entertained and was a big tool for politics.

Term
Tet Offensive
Definition

WHO- United States & North Vietnamese WHAT- A series of major attacks by communist forces in the Vietnam War. Early in 1968, Vietnamese communist troops seized and briefly held some major cities at the time of the lunar new year, WHERE- Vietnam WHEN- Phase 1: January 30, 1968- September 23, 1968 SIGNIFICANCE-Tet Offensive weakened American support of the Vietnam War and triggered the slow process of withdrawal of American military forces. It marked the turning point in the Vietnam War.

Term
American Dream 1900-1910
Definition
From 1900-1910 America was the promise land. Immigrants were coming to the country to find work, better lives and of course the american dream. During this time people were moving from farms to cities to work in factories. The dream was to find a job in which you could provide for your family, both here and overseas.
1908 ford introduced the model-t. 1909 plastic was invented. 1901 first trans-atlantic radio signal. 1902 U.S. passes the chinese exclusion act.
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