Protestors against social and economic inequality, high unemployment, greed, corruption, and the undue influence of major corporations. 

SLOGAN: "We are the 99%" --reffering to the growing difference in wealth in the United States between the wealthiest 1% and the rest of the population. 

quaker

female anti-slavery society

"the holy cause of human rights" 

appointed to the business commitee of the anti-slavery society

*most precious legacy: free country.

T-taxed

E-enough

A-already

Supports reduced government spending, opposition to taxing in various degrees, reduction in the national debt and federal budget defecit, and adherence to an originalist interpretation of the United States Constitution. 

female abolitionists: maria stewart, sarah and angelina grimke, sojourner truth, abby kelley, lucy stone, and elizabeth cady stanton.

cult of true womanhood-

1. women's rights: right to love whom others scorn, right to comfort and to mourn, right to shed new joy on earth.

2. four pillars: pious, domestic, submissive, pure.

seneca falls conference- 1848, NY

1. declaration of setiments, "all ___ are created equal."

worcester convention- 1850, MA

1. elizabeth cady stanton: beginning of movement for women's rights.

2. first national convention

**nominated Pauline W Davis as President

3. Sojourner Truth gave a famous speech

4. Abby Kelley, most controversial speaker

NEGATIVE SOCIETY REACTION. 

Second Great Awakening: Time of Social Improvement

1820-1840

• Unitarians believed in a god of love.
• religious revivalism: social reforms and redefining ideals of equality: temperance, asylum and penal reform, abolition, women's rights, education.
• saved by christianity: good works, grace, immortality has no way out. 
• *using religion as a base to change society 

• Liberation from understanding and the cultivation of reasoning
• Ralph Waldo Emerson- Nature, Self Reliance, American Scholar
• Henry David Thoreau- Walden, Resistance to Civil Disobedience

Age of Reform 

1820-1860

• pursuit of perfection in Antebellum America
• areas of reform: slavery, industrialization, women's rights, public school, temperance, prison reform, male domination, and war. 

War with Mexico

1846-1848

Three major campaigns: Two went south from Texas to seize Northern Monterey; One went north to Monterey and Louisiana.

Ended by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

>Manifest Destiny: "from sea to shining sea"

>Acquired five states: Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, California, and Utah. Only $15 million dollars. 

• Martin Van Buren nominated to run for the Free Soil Party.
• Democrats nominated Lewis Cass from Michigan.
• Whig Candidate, Zachary Taylor, won the election.
• Van Buren was a former president and his running mate was JQA's son. 

• California would enter as a free state.
• Slave trade would be abolished in the nation's capitol. 
• Southerners could reclaim runaway slaves.
• Status of slavery in remaining territories acquired from Mexico would be up to the white inhabitants. 
• Proposed by Henry Clay
• Temporarily restored sectional peace and party unity

Harriet Tubman: born in Maryland in 1820; escaped to Philadephia in 1849; made twenty plus trips back to Maryland to help other slaves escape. 

Fugitive Slave Law: Slave is property, a slave must be returned to their owner. 

Chickamaugua:

Braxton Braggs (CS) defeated William Rosecrans (US) 

Confederate Victory

20,000 casualties on each side.

Gettysburg: 

Hooker & Meade (US) defeated Lee (CS) 

Union Victory 

23,000 casualties on each side.

Anteitam:

McClellan (US) defeated Lee (CS) 

Union victory

bloodiest single-day battle

***led to the emancipation proclamation

Shiloh:

Grant (US) defeated Beauregaurd (CS) 

Union Victory

11,000 casualties on each side.

Fort Sumter:

Anderson (US) vs. Beauregaurd (CS)

2 union casualties

VA, AR, NC, and TN seceded.

2nd Battle of Bull Run:

Lee (CS) defeated Pope (US)

Confederate Victory

CC-1,300 UC-10,000 

Vicksburg: 

Grant (US) defeated Pemberton (CS) 

Union Victory

4,000 casualties on each side

Appomatox:

Lee (CS) surrendered to Grant (US) 

Lee offered his sword, Grant refused to take it. 

Whig Party

1834-1854

*Created by Henry Clay

-Fiscal Conservatives

-More Southern State's Right's 

-Protective Tariffs

-Federally financed internal programs

1840-William Henry Harrison, first Whig Pres

1848- Zachary Taylor, last Whig Pres

1852-Winfield Scott

< Southern, Democrat.

> Northern, Republican. 

Free Soil Party

1848-1854

*Opposed slavery in new territories

*Began in 1790 as the Republican Party by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison

   1828>Democratic Republican Party by A.J.

1st convention: 1834

1860, SPLIT:

northern democrats: wanted supreme court in charge of slavery.

southern democrats: wanted federal protection of slavery.

1865, JOINED TOGETHER.

1890's- Democrats consisted of Catholics, immigrants, and poor workers.

1948- National Democratic Convention took a strong pro-civil rights stance and pushed southern democrats to Republican Side. 

*1790, Federalist Party, Alexander Hamilton

  > 1828, National Republican Party, John Quincy Adams

  > 1834, Whig Party, Henry Clay

  >Free Soil and Whig Party joined to form Republican Party in 1854. 

1865, SPLIT: conservatives, radicals, and moderates.

1890's- wanted to restrict immigration and supported temperance. 

1932- "social conservatives" 

1948- southerners, republicans.

Anti-Mason Party

1832-1838

*Anti-Jackson

-First Third Party

Know Nothing Party

1852-1860

Populist Party

1892-1908

*Poor, southern, white cotton farmers who were anti-elitists.

*fought against banks

Progressive Party

(Bull Moose Party)

1912-1955

*Created by Teddy Roosevelt

Reform Party

1992

*Ross Perot

*Power to the People

Dred Scott vs. Sanford

1857

*Chief Justice Robert B. Taney

-first instance of a major federal law being unconstitutional

-relative to MO Compromise

-Scott denied freedom

Three Major Issues:

1. Scott was not a US citizen and therefore, was not entitled to sue in a federal court.

2. Scott had not gained freedom by moving into free territory.

3. Concerning the MO Compromise setting at the 36'30' parallel, Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territory and make the prohibition a condition of admission.

**Justine Benjamin R. Curtis held that any African American who was a citizen of a US state, was also a citizen of the US.

Abraham Lincoln won.

>Republican

>Illinois

>Platform: domestic policy other than slavery

>Running mate: Hannibal Hamilton

Democrats had two candidates: 

1. Breckenridge 

2. Douglass

Lincoln received no votes from ten southern states.

Douglass was aleinated because he was the first candidate to give campaign speechees.

First Seven- November 6, 1860-March 4, 1861

1. South Carolina

2. Mississippi

3. Louisiana

4. Texas

5. Georgia

6. Florida

7. Alabama

After Ft. Sumter: 

1. Virginia

2. Arkansas

3. North Carolina

4. Tennessee