Term
| Causes for "The Red Scare" |
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Definition
1. Bolshevik revolution in Russia
2. Numerous public bombings around New York (Wall St.)
3. Labor Strikes |
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Term
| Effects for "The Red Scare" |
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Definition
1. Palmer Raids - Government felt that they had to search for weaponry and arrest people who carried weapons (suspected radicals and anarchist)
2. Deportation of immigrants
3. J. Edgar Hoover becomes head of F.B.I. |
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Term
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Definition
1. African American move from South to North
- Causes: Jim Crow Laws/segregation, racial unrest
- Effects: Marchus Garvey (wanted African Americans to settle back in Africa), culture (jazz) |
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Term
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Definition
- A political attitude favoring or advocating changes or reform through governmental action. Progressivism is often viewed in opposition to conservative or reactionary ideologies.
- Decline: Constant conflict between supreme court and congress which made it hard for laws to pass, people shocked by violent strikes and fearful of radical ideas thus began sympathizing with big business |
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Term
| Prohibition (Progressive Movement) |
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Definition
| - Ban on manufacturing, transporting, importing, exporting, and sale of alcohol |
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Term
| Women's Suffrage Act(Progressive Movement) |
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Definition
- Women's right to vote
- Progressives supported this act because they believed women's votes could help pass reforms that would protect women and children. |
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Term
| The Sheppard Towner Act (Progressive Movement) |
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Definition
- Provided federal funds for maternity and childcare
- Provided funds for states to employ public health nurses, hold child care conferences, and educate new mothers |
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Term
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Definition
- Friendly, down to earth, and handsome
- After hearing the news of "Teapot Dome Scandal", contracted and died (during presidency)
- Created "normalcy" in the white house |
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Term
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Definition
- Secretary of the interior (responsible for the management and conservation of most federal land and natural resources), Albert Fall, leased government oil fields (one in Teapot Dome WY) to wealthy friends in exchange for $100,000's worth of bribes
- Made history by being the first cabinet member to go to prison |
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Term
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Definition
- Republican VP to Harding
- Believed that government should not promote progressivism
- Became president when Harding died
- Coolidge was loved by the majority of Americans |
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Term
| Coolidge and Big Business |
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Definition
Coolidge promoted big business in 3 ways
1. Appointed business people to commissions that were supposed to regulate business
2. Selected supreme court justices who ruled against progressive legislation
3. Named conservatives to powerful cabinet positions |
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Term
| Andrew Mellons (R) Influence on Business |
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Definition
- Reduced Taxes (Thanks to Mellon's efforts a person making a $1,000,000 in 1926 payed half the taxes millionaire payed in 1921)
- 3rd wealthiest man in the US
- Appointed Secretary of Treasury |
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Term
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Definition
- Secretary of Commerce (head of business and industry) under both Harding and Coolidge
- Hoover expanded the commerce department to control and regulate airlines, radio, and other new industries
- Helped organize trade associations, which are groups of firms in the same line of business
- Hoover also pushed bureau standards to standardize everything manufactured in the nation
- eventually became president |
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Term
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Definition
- In the 1920's the government encouraged US business firms to dramatically expand international business
- American businesses came to dominate world markets in cars, tractors, electrical equipment, and farm machinery |
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Term
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Definition
- Charles Dawes (wealthy banker) negotiated loans from private American banks to Germany and set up a new payment schedule
- Showed how US influenced European economics without government intervention |
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Term
| The Washington Conference |
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Definition
- In November, 1921 Charles E Hughes (secretary of state) adressed the nine nations to discuss disarmament ( the limitation or reduction of weapons)
- 3 major treaties emerged, making this the first successful disarmament conference in modern history
- The US, Great Britain, Japan, France, and Italy limited of their largest ships and stopped constructing new ships |
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Term
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Definition
| Outlawed war and insured Frances security |
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Term
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Definition
- Introduced moving production line (assembly line)
- Working for Ford
1. Good: Better pay, work better with boring simple jobs, employed anybody, cut hours a week
2. Bad: Repetitive, robots for workers, strict |
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Term
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Definition
| When a few major producers influence an entire industry |
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Term
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Definition
- Made up of variety of activities companies used to demoralize and destroy unions
- Companies employed spies
- "Yellow dog" contracts: Employee had to agree not to become a member of the union or organize fellow employees |
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Term
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Definition
- Closed Shop: Form of union security agreement under which the employer agrees to only hire union members
- Open Shop: place of employment at which one is not required to join or financially support a union as a condition of hiring or continued employment. |
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Term
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Definition
- The practice of businesses providing welfare-like services to employees
- Made employers life style better and healthier |
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Term
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Definition
- Usually did service work
- Worked in office
- Didn't have to get dirty |
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Term
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Definition
| - Manually labor such as construction and farming |
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Term
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Definition
- In the 1920's, middle class standard of living improved
- necessities and luxuries were more accessible and available and affordable |
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Term
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Definition
-identical vacuum cleaners-
- irons
-toasters
- washing machines
- refrigerators |
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Term
| Poverty in the midst of plenty |
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Definition
- low wages and unemployement drove american families in poverty
- farmers and other workers suffered when the goods they produced dropped in price
- coal miners and textile workers also suffered
- Americans were buying less cotton |
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Term
| culture of the automobile |
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Definition
- people wanted to make their cars a fashion statement by changing the color
- dating habits of young people
- sunday outings for families
- places people lived and vacationed
- the ways people shopped |
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Term
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Definition
| - putting money down and paying the balance in installments |
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Term
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Definition
-Grocery stores and department stores
- JC Penney, Sears, Roebuck, Wrigley, Safeway
- Became popular due to the existence of the car |
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Term
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Definition
- revolutionized because of the idea to create consumer demand
- mass media gave advertisers huge audience |
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Term
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Definition
- due to the lose of so many young men in world war 1
- adults tried to act like the youth |
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Term
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Definition
- The flapper bound her chest to flatten it
- loosened her blouse and dropped her waist
- dropped her hemline |
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Term
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Definition
| - women had more liberties |
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Term
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Definition
| - many americans sent their kids to school because they did not depend on their children for making money |
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Term
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Definition
- The first person to fly solo across the atlantic
- largest hero of the 1920's |
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Term
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Definition
- jazz began in New Orleans and moved north when the african americans migrated during the great migration
- The dance, the charleston was one of the more popular dances for young people and everyone
- African americans expressed their own identity and anger at northern racism |
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Term
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Definition
| - chains of newspapers under one centralized direction |
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Term
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Definition
| -soceity placed more importance on material goods than it did on intellectual, spiritual, and artistic concerns |
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Term
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Definition
- presidential candidate
- believed in big city america
- New york governor running for president
-democrat |
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Term
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Definition
| - a movement that affirmed the literal truth of the bible |
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Term
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Definition
| - reduced the number of immigrants from southern and eastern europe and excluded asians altogether |
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Term
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Definition
| - a set number of immigrants from any country in a year |
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Term
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Definition
| - which have advocated extremist reactionary currents such as white supremacy, white nationalism, and anti-immigration |
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Term
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Definition
| - fundamentalist sect of religion |
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Term
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Definition
| - clubs where liquor was sold in violation of the law (prohibition) |
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Term
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Definition
| - People who made,transported, or sold liquor |
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Term
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Definition
- was an American legal case in 1925 in which a high school biology teacher John Scopes was accused of violating the state's Butler Act which made it unlawful to teach evolution.
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Term
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Definition
| a. The united states sent troops to Nicaragua to protect their business affairs |
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