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| the top part of the middle class |
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when the government spends more than it take in
helped fuel the French Revolution |
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| system of government in which officials are chosen by the people |
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| People of Paris stormed the Bastille for weapons- it was seen as a symbol of the Revolution and as a blow to tyranny |
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| The National Assembly vowed to meet wherever and whenever to create a constitution for France |
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| Declaration of the Rights of Man |
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Modeled after the Decalration of Independence, says all men are born with free and equal rights such as:
liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression |
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a person in Spain's colonies in the Americas who was an American-born descendant of Spainish settlers.
They had an advantage because they would have some education and were influenced by enlightenment ideas |
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| policy allowing buisnesses to operate with little or no government interference |
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| right that belong to all humans from birth |
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| rules/laws that govern human nature |
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| an agreement where people give up their freedom to a powerful government to avoid chaos |
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wrote The Encyclopedia
He wanted to change how people thought by explaining the new enlightenment ideas |
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thought people were naturally creul, greedy, and selfish;
thought without laws we would be a chaotic society
he wanted a monarchy to control the people |
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thought pople were naturally good but were corupted by the government
thought that the good of the community should come before the good of the individual |
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| wanted equal education for boys and girls so the women could interact with the men and/or participate in things outside of the home |
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| believed strongly in free speech and was put in jail for expressing his beliefs |
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| Believed in separtaion of power and checks and balances |
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supported laissez- faire
his policies would help shape the economy in the 1800s and 1900s |
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His ideas helped write the Declaration of Independence
Believed that people were basically moral
That they had natrual rights
Thought govt. has an obligation to the people it serves- if the people weren't satisifed they had the right to overthrow it
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| places where workers and machines are brought together to prouce large quantities of goods |
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| privately built road that charges a fee to travelers who use it |
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| extract metal from its ore by a process involving heating and melting |
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| the process of taking over and fencing off peasant farmers' land |
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| imporved on Newcomen's coal-powered steam-engine |
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| developed steam powered locomotive |
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| made the spinning jenny- it spun multiple threads a once |
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| made the seed drill- helped spread seeds more efficiently |
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| Reasons Britian took the lead in the Industrial Revolution |
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| Economic conditions, natural resources, new technology, political and social conditions |
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| From what industry did the factories come from? |
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| When the textile industry became industrialized, what kind of effect did it have? |
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| Creation of factories, less home-made things, more output from factories |
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| New sources of energy that were used during the Industrial Revolution were...? |
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| Steam engine, wind, coal, fire, water |
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| founded the first nursing school, wanted better sanitiation in the battlefield hospitals |
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invented dynamite
money he raised now funds the Nobel Peace Prize |
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found out that using heat on microbes kills them
created a pricess to kill the microbes in milk (pasturized milk) |
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| Used the Bessemer process to get steel out of iron |
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| workers add parts to a product that moves along a belf from one work station to another |
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| an association to fix prices, set production quotes, or control markets |
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| movement of people from rural areas to cities |
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| buisnesses that are owned by many investors who buy hares of stock |
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| identical components that could be used in place of one another |
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| A typical working class woman worked how many hours outside the house during the Industrial Revolution? |
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| What two countries were the leaders if industry by 1900 |
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the theory that certain microbes could cause specific diseases
lead to better sanitiation |
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| multistory building divided into crowded appartments |
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supported utilitarianism- the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest amout of people
Supported some govt. interference |
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| English writer who wrote about what a hard life was like in the 1800s |
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Thought of "scientific socialism"
saw the struggle of communism |
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set up a NICE MILL to prove that the environment the workers were in changed how they worked, and being nice would benefit both parties
**Most likely to support cooperation not competition** |
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| movement of the 1800s that urged Christians to do community service |
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| the idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness to the greatest number of people |
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| campaign to limit or ban the use of alcoholic beverages |
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| system in which the people as a shole rather than private individuals own all property and operate all buisnesses |
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| form of socialism advocated by Karl Marx; he thought that the class struggle would lead to a classless society, community would own everything as a whole |
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| where Darwin's theories are applied to humans and certain groups are said to be more 'fit' or 'better' than others |
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| What class grew fastest during the 1800s |
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| What was the most important trait that all middle and upper classes wanted to have? |
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| Why does Darwin's Theory of Evolution cause such controversy? |
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| It goes against the churchs' way of develpoment- God is supposed to have created everything, but Darwin's theory suggests that God didn't make the world. It also encouraged racism. |
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