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History of the New Testament
N/A
118
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 1
09/06/2014

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Canon
Definition
List of authoritative books.
Term
TaNaKH
Definition
The Torah, Prophets, and Writings
Term
Codex
Definition
Book
Term
What are the four Gospels?
Definition
Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John
Term
Homolegoumena
Definition
"Same said". All agreed these books should be in the Bible(Romans, 1&2 Corinthians, Galations, Ephesians, Philipians, Colassians, 1&2 Thessalonians, and Philemon).
Term
Antilegoumena
Definition
"Spoken against". Not everyone agreed these books should be in the Bible. Some were accepted (Hebrews, James, Jude, 2 Peter, 2&3 John, and Revelation) and some were rejected (Acts of Paul, Shephard of Hermas, Epistle of Barnabas, and Didache).
Term
What are the three criteria for canons?
Definition

1. Doctrine: Does it agree with the rule of faith?

2. Use: Is it read in churches?

3. Apostolicity: Is it written by an apostle or an               associate of an apostle?

 

Term
Pseudopigrapha
Definition
False writing
Term
Is the New Testament canon closed or open?
Definition
Closed
Term
Lectionaries
Definition
Readings for a given Sunday in the church
Term
Citations
Definition
New Testament scripture founded by early church fathers
Term
How many texts of the New Testament do we have?
Definition
Over 5,700
Term
Variant
Definition
Change in text
Term
Parablepsis
Definition
Eye skip
Term
Uncial
Definition
Text written in CAPITAL letters
Term
Miniscule
Definition
Text written generally in all lower case letters
Term
Scriptio Continua
Definition
Continuous writing with no punctuation
Term
Yahweh
Definition
God
Term
Monotheism
Definition
Belief in one God
Term
Polytheism
Definition
Belief in many Gods
Term
Grades of Deities
Definition
Gods, Demi Gods, Daimonia
Term
Diaspora
Definition
Dispersion
Term
Septuagint (LXX)
Definition
Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible
Term
What was given to the Israelites on Mt. Sinai?
Definition
The Ten Commandments
Term
How many laws are there in the Old Testament?
Definition
613
Term
Gentiles
Definition
Non-Jew
Term
Meaning of Torah
Definition
Guidance, Direction, or Instruction
Term
The purpose of the laws of the Old Testament
Definition
Set Israel apart from all people
Term
What happened in 587/6 BCE?
Definition
The destruction of the Jewish temple
Term
Who was the King during the time of Jesus' birth?
Definition
King Herod
Term
What is "The Exile"?
Definition
When the Babylonians conquered Israel in 587/6 BCE
Term
Hellenization
Definition
To be made Greek
Term
Antiochus Epihares
Definition
Was the Syrian ruler who decided to force Greek culture upon the Jews
Term
Messiah
Definition
Anointed one
Term
Day of Atonement
Definition
The day of sacrifice of sins for all people (Yom Kippur)
Term
Jewish Sects
Definition
Pharisees, Essenes, and Sadducees
Term
Jewish-Christian Adoptionists believed that Jesus was "adopted" by God at his
Definition
Baptism
Term
Who established the first canon?
Definition
Marcion
Term
When did scribes begin to make chapter-like divisions in the books of the New Testament?
Definition
The Fourth century
Term
The Marcionites liked which particular Apostle?
Definition
Paul
Term
Which of the following thought Jesus' body was a phantasm?
Definition
Marcionites
Term
According to Jewish-Christian Adoptionists, Jesus was
Definition
A man
Term
What did Gnostics believe happened at Jesus' baptism?
Definition
The divine Christ entered Jesus' body
Term
How many original copies of the New Testament do we have?
Definition
None
Term
Heresy
Definition
To choose
Term
Most copies of the New Testament manuscripts come from what time period?
Definition
The Middle Ages
Term
The book of Revelation in written in what genre?
Definition

Apocalypse

Term
The New Testament is written in what language?
Definition
Greek
Term
The Old Testament is written in what language?
Definition
Hebrew
Term
Harmonization
Definition
When a scribe "corrects" one passage to agree with another
Term
The Marcionites believed that Jesus came to save people from
Definition
The Jewish God
Term
Gospel
Definition
Good news
Term
What Christian group lived in Palestine and taught that Christians should keep the law?
Definition
Jewish-Christian Adoptionists
Term
Our earliest manuscripts of Paul's letters and full copies of the Gospels date back to
Definition
200 CE
Term
Who is the earliest New Testament writer?
Definition
Paul
Term
Who were the authors of the New Testament gospels?
Definition
We don't know. They are anonymous,
Term
How were the stories of the Gospels passed down?
Definition
Oral traditions
Term
When was Mark written?
Definition
Between 65-70 CE
Term
When was Matthew and Luke written?
Definition
80-85 CE
Term
When was John written?
Definition
90 CE
Term
Were there any references to Jesus in Pagan literature during the first century of the Common Era?
Definition
No
Term
According to the Gospels, how many followers of Jesus were there after his crucificion?
Definition
Eleven men and several women.
Term
What evidence did Christian believers most likely use in order to convert them?
Definition
Examples of missionary sermons in the Book of Acts and some imitations of Paul's letters.
Term
How was the majority of Christian missionary taught?
Definition
Public speaking
Term
How could converts join the Christian community?
Definition
By being baptized and receiving some rudimentary instruction.
Term
When did the spread of Christianity began to take notice?
Definition
The second century
Term
What language did Jesus speak?
Definition
Aramaic
Term
What language were Jesus' stories told in?
Definition
Greek
Term
Could any of the gospels have been taught by eyewitnesses?
Definition
No, impossible.
Term
Around what region did Christianity first start to appear?
Definition
The Mediterranean
Term
Were stories about Jesus changed or made up?
Definition
Most likely
Term
During what we?ek was Jesus crucified
Definition
Passover week
Term
Who was the Roman governor during the time of Jesus' crucifixion?
Definition
Pontius Pilate
Term
How many plagues did God bring upon the land of Egypt?
Definition
Ten
Term
What was the tenth-plague God ordered on Egypt?
Definition
The death of every first-born human and animal in the land.
Term
What did God order to be painted or spread across the doorpost of each house in Egypt during the tenth-plague?
Definition
The blood of a sacrificed lamb
Term
What were the Children of Israel told to do on the night of "passover"?
Definition
Eat a quick meal in preparation for their escape.
Term
Who was sent to kill all of the first-born humans and animals throughout the land during the tenth-plague?
Definition
The Angel of Death
Term
Where was Passover celebrated?
Definition
The Temple
Term
What animal was sacrificed in the Temple in celebration of the Passover?
Definition
A lamb
Term
Which week-long celebration followed the Passover feast?
Definition
Feast of Unleavened Bread
Term
What day begins the Jewish Sabbath?
Definition
Friday Evening
Term
Which Disciple betrayed Jesus?
Definition
Judas Iscariot
Term
Where is Jesus arrested?
Definition
The Garden of Gethsemane
Term
Sanhedrin
Definition
The Jewish Council
Term
Who condemns Jesus to death?
Definition
Pilate
Term
How did Jesus die?
Definition
He was crucified
Term
In the Gospel of Mark, what time was Jesus crucified?
Definition
9:00 am
Term
In the Gospel of John, what time is Jesus crucified?
Definition
12:00 noon
Term
In John's Gospel, where was Jesus at the time of the Passover feast?
Definition
In His Tomb
Term
In the Gospel John, on which day was Jesus executed?
Definition
The day in which preparations were being made to eat the passover meal.
Term
In the Gospel Mark, which day is Jesus executed?
Definition
On the morning after the passover meal had been eaten.
Term
Which Gospel do scholars argue is more accurate with regards to the crucifixion of Jesus?
Definition
The Gospel of John
Term
Who identifies Jesus as "the lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world?"
Definition
John the Baptist
Term
When did the Syrians conquer the Jews?
Definition
721 BCE
Term
Where was the majority of the Jews located after the Diaspora?
Definition
The Holy Land
Term
Which Jewish sect did Jesus fight with most often?
Definition
The Pharisees
Term
What was the intent of the Pharisees?
Definition
To keep the will of God
Term
Who gave definition to actual laws?
Definition
The Pharisees
Term
What do most Christians think of the Pharisees?
Definition
They are legalistic hypocrites
Term
Where was the most of the Pharisees' attention focused?
Definition
Within the people and community
Term
What day is the Jewish Sabbath?
Definition
Saturday
Term
Who were the Sadducees?
Definition
Members of Jewish Aristocracy
Term
Sanhedrin
Definition
Jewish Council who decided local affairs
Term
Could the Sadducees condemn execution?
Definition
No
Term
Who were the Sadducees affiliated with?
Definition
The Romans
Term
Why did the Sadducees get along with the Romans?
Definition
The Roman Empire gave the Sadducees power
Term
Which Jewish sect ran the Temple?
Definition
The Sadducees
Term
What biblical authority did the Sadducees except?
Definition
Only the Torah
Term
According to the Essenes, what did you have to do to become a true Jew?
Definition
Live in a pure community
Term
Which Jewish sect do we identify with the Dead Sea Scrolls?
Definition
The Essenes
Term
How many Messiahs did the Essenes hope would come?
Definition
Two
Term
Who expected a 40 yr battle betweent he children of light and the children of darkness?
Definition
The Essenes
Term
The Jewish sects consisted of Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes. Who is last Jewish Sect?
Definition
Fourth Philosophy
Term
Which Jewish sect carried out assassinations?
Definition
Fourth Philosphy
Term
Sicarii
Definition
Dagger
Term
What do many Jews blame the Fourth Philosophy for?
Definition
Destruction of the Temple
Term
Which divine being led God's people out of Egypt?
Definition
Moses
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