Term
| Darwin's Theory of Evolution |
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Definition
Evolution is 100% random
-Constant Variation
-Competition for Resources and Mates
-Survival of the fittest |
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Term
| Problem with Darwinian Evolution? |
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Definition
| -Swamping - Doesn't account for new characteristics. The idea that a drop of paint gets lost in a vat of paint. |
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Term
| Lamarck's Theory of Evolution |
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Definition
-Species use and then disuse parts
-Species adapt to an environment
-The Agent of Change - the organism |
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Term
| Problem with Lamarck's Evolution |
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Definition
| -The Mouse Experiment: Cutting off tails never resulted in mice over a continuos period in time |
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Term
| Discord at the University of Vienna |
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Definition
| -Fight between Ernest Mach and Ludwig Boltzman over experimental physics and theoretical physics |
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Term
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Definition
-Theoretical Physics: Atomic theory based on statistical equations
-Atoms and molecules are real even if they can't be observed |
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Term
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Definition
-Experimental Physics: Simple, economical expressions of fact
-More influential then Boltzman |
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Term
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Definition
-Discover the induction of electricity
-Developed the induction coil used in many turn of the century experiments |
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Term
| Geissler Tube/Crooks Tube |
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Definition
-Allowed for the knowledge of the Cathode Rays
-Emitted from Geissler Tube using Cathode
-Rays moved in a straight line
-Rays carried a negative charge
-Rays could be deflected by a magnet |
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Term
| William Runtgen(Roentgen) Rays |
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Definition
-Noticed Flourensence outside of Tube using Barium-platnid-cyanide
-This is an X-Ray
-X-ray penetrated some objects better than others
-Allowed for the revival of the medicine world |
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Term
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Definition
-Rene Blondlor stated he found the N-Ray
-N-Ray could penetrate through certain objects better than others
-120 scientists confirmed and 300 articles written
-Fake
-R.W Wood and experimental sabotage |
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Term
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Definition
-Created the "Plumb Pudding Atom"
-Wondered if the rays in cathode tube traveled like light; but knew mass to charge ratio is smaller than known atom
-Tiny, negative "corpuscles" swam in a positively charged pudding |
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Term
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Definition
| -Something that can be proven with factual and visible data |
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Term
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Definition
-Believed Pitchblend absorbed heat from the Sun and resonated this
-Natural radiation
-Wrapped in Potassium Uranium Sulfate and placed in drawer: realized that the rays appeared regardless of sun or external stimulation |
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Term
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Definition
-Found that other elements such as Polonium and Radium emitted radiation
-Langevin Affair / taught at Sorbanne
-Nobel Prize in Physics and Chemistry (only person to win two) |
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Term
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Definition
-Good 'Breeding' led to Eugenics
-Only thing that mattered was the average
-Alter average values not individual ones |
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Term
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Definition
-Attractive smart people not breeding
-Eugenics ignores recessive traits |
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Term
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Definition
-Statistical mathematics to show how stats on a lg population to show how improvements can be made
-Problem of swamping solved by averages |
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Term
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Definition
-Founded Biometrics
-Strong advocate of Eugenic laws
-Statistician
-Why waste money helping inferior people |
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Term
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Definition
-Hybrid experiments
-3 to 1 ratio
- SS x TT = ST/ST/ST/ST
- ST x ST = SS/ST/ST/TT |
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Term
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Definition
-Came back to Mendell's theory
-Came up with 'mutation theory' = inheritance AND new charcteristics |
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Term
| Saltation vs Continuation |
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Definition
| Saltation is a sudden change (mutation) while continuity is a nice constant from one generation to another |
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Term
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Definition
-Against Biometrics of science
-Dislike the connection of Darwinism and Eugenics
-Felt they ignored the traits of the recessive gene
-Baetson Genetics refer to mathematical laws of inheritance |
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Term
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Definition
-Followed Baetson's and Mendell's theory of inheritance.
-Drosphilia fly
-Believed Darwinism evolution ignored inheritance and recessive traits |
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Term
| The Mechanism of Mendel Heredity |
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Definition
-Book written by Thomas Hunt Morgan
-Demonstrates Mendellian inheritance
-Observed mutations (white eye)
-Investigated chromosomes and natural selection |
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Term
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Definition
-Against Eugenics
-humans were designed to be fruitful; eat, sleep and multiply
-worried about race suicide |
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Term
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Definition
-believed war is a biological necessity
-European powers must clash and struggle |
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Term
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Definition
-Created immigration laws
-white race groups would be extinct by the Asians |
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Term
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Definition
-Studied the Kallikak family
-idea that generations could pass down anti-social behavior
-Led to Eugenic Laws and forced sterilization
-the idea of 'degenerates' |
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Term
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Definition
-Forced sterilization of Carry Buck by the supreme court in 1927
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