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history of rock
history of rock ohio university
62
Music
Undergraduate 1
03/17/2014

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Term
Rhythm
Definition
the
interrelaAonship
between
music
and
Ame
Term
form
Definition
I,
IV,
V
chords
– AAB
Term
Improvisa9on
Definition
A
spontaneous
musical
performance
that
is
created
by
a
performer
without
being
composed
in
advance
Term
blues
Definition
a
musical
form
that
uses
three
basic
chords,
usually
in
a
standard
12-­‐bar
format
Term
melody
Definition
a sequence of single notes that is musically satisfying.
Term
harmony
Definition
the combination of simultaneously sounded musical notes to produce chords and chord progressions having a pleasing effect.
Term
texture
Definition
is the way the melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic materials are combined in a composition
Term
timbre
Definition
is what makes a particular musical sound different from another,
Term
chord
Definition
three or more notes that sound simultaneously
Term
Bar/measure
Definition
a notational device that allows for grouping of beats
Term
coda/tag
Definition
closing section of a musical form
Term
bridge
Definition
is a contrasting section that prepares for the return of the original material section
Term
riff
Definition
a repeated chord progression, pattern, or melody, often played by rhythmic instruments
Term
crooner
Definition
singer in the pop stycle characterized by a rich resonant voice, wide range , and perfect enunciation/ inotation. traditionally male balad singers
Term
folk song
Definition
a song that originates in traditional popular culture or that is written in such a style.
Term
sun records
Definition
is an American independent record label founded in Memphis, Tennessee, starting operations on March 27, 1952.[1]
Founded by Sam Phillips, Sun Records was notable for discovering and first recording such influential musicians as Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Roy Orbison, Jerry Lee Lewis and Johnny Cash.
Term
a side b side
Definition
. The A-side usually featured the recording that the artist or the record producer or the record company intended to receive the initial promotional effort and then receive radio airplay, hopefully, to become a "hit" record. The B-side (or "flip-side") is a secondary recording that has a history of its own: some artists, notably Elvis Presley, The Beatles and Oasis, released B-sides that were considered as strong as the A-side and became hits in their own right.
Term
urban folk revival
Definition
?
Term
Rhythm & Blues
Definition
strong insistent rhythm, personally expressive lyrics, distinct vocal performance style

based on the blues, rarely nottated, improv allowed freeddom, predominant rhythm
Term
Country & Western
Definition
yodeling, nasal timbre
steel guitar
deemphasized subdivisions
not notated
simple solos
instrumentation

from wartime migration to northern industrial sites
Term
tin pan alley
Definition
NYC West 28th st (late 1800's to 1950s)
puiblishers offered contracts to songwriters that coveraed all of their output
multiple pianos playing at the same time resembled a busy kitchen
strict separtion of songwriter and performer
Term
how was music experience before 1950
Definition
1920 first radio broadcast so live perfomance mostly, family piano, pop refelccected this lifestyle
Term
sheet music
Definition
resemebed mass distribution of other print material

publishing companies buy sheet music

result: industry favors songwriter and publishing company instaead of perfomer
Term
pop style
Definition
sentimental and lighthearted, society is settling down and buying homes and starting families
Term
muddy waters
Definition
R&B, hoochie choochie man
Term
jump band
Definition
handfulof perfomers that come from a sympahny
Term
Ray Charles
Definition
Msuical style - roots in r&b and jazz, blues and gospel influence, active in the 1950s, no major crossovers til 1959

vocals- gritty unrestraine, emotional, puding rock accompaniment

Efect- wide range of talents, blending of styles, pionerring soul artist, influenced many later artists
Term
sam cooke
Definition
influence: soul icon, belending of gneres, extremely political (uncommon), managed himslef(uncommon), smooth version of ray charles
Term
kingston trio
Definition
folk band in CA, launched the urban folk revival
Term
surf music
Definition
FUN
Term
beach boys
Definition
phase 1: inital noterity
phase 2 more sophistication
pahse 3 post 2000
Term
beatles
Definition
John Lennon – Rhythm Guitar,
Vocals
! Paul McCartney – Bass, Vocals


! George Martin – Producer
! Brian Epstein – Manager
! Neil Aspinall – Roadie
! Mal Evans - Roadie
! George Harrison – Lead Guitar,
Vocals
! Ringo Starr – Drums, Vocals
Term
Please please me
Definition
1st beatels album, recorded in 1 day
Term
alan freed
Definition
top 40
Term
Song: Misery
Definition
by john lennon for helen shapiro
Term
song: love me do
Definition
written by paul, first single, first use of harmonica, "simplicity"
Term
song: within you without you
Definition
indian instuments, hindi inspired, writeen by george (only player of indian instruments)
Term
song: lucy in the sky with diamonds
Definition
by john, drug reference, unique recording requests
Term
SGT Pepper album
Definition
"loose concept album", cultural revolution bleeds into musical revolution" , recorded over five months
Term
song: a little help from my friends
Definition
writeen by paul and john for ringo, rich bass line, recoded after a long session
Term
sam philips
Definition
founder of sun records (found elvis)
Term
Louis Jordan
Definition
tmpahny 5, influence on chuck berry and james brown
Term
chuck berry
Definition
st louis, blues and r&B, very influential,

hits
roll over beethoven, johnny b goode
Term
fats dom;ino
Definition
piano! jazz and boogie woogie in new orleans

tunes
aint it a shame, bluberry hill
Term
little richard
Definition
piano, 1st hit = tutti frutti, flamboyant wild perfomance
Term
jerry lee lewis
Definition
boogie woogie stle, flamboyant, rock n roll vs religion

great balls of fire
whole lotta shakin goin on
Term
bill haley
Definition
C&W artist, hybrid, the commets

tunes
rocka around the clock, shake rattle and roll

influence on elvis
Term
buddy holly
Definition
C&W background
wrote own songs
atypical appearacne and lifestyle
no biracial influences
texas

style "hiccub with varying timbre with guitar solos"


hits
thatll be the day
peffy sue
maybe baby
Term
wanda jackson
Definition
collaborated with elvis, c&W background, no hits

style
powerful energetic rockabilly style
Term
3 1950s trends
Definition
mainstream, rockabilly, soft rock
Term
mainstrem rock
Definition
connection to r&B, 12 bar blues, not notated, backbeat
Term
rockabilly
Definition
white perfomrers with c&w background with r&b style

bill haley, carl perkins, jerry leee lewis, johnny cash
Term
soft rock- doo wop
Definition
black artists, talented lead singer with backup ensemble, backups sang nonsense syllables to add rhythmic activity
Term
soft rock - not dooopp?
Definition
elvis
Term
brian epstein
Definition
beatles manager
Term
george martin
Definition
beatles producer
Term
John Lennon
Definition
Rhythm guitar beatles
Term
paul mccartney
Definition
bass beatles
Term
george harrison
Definition
lead guitar beatles
Term
ringo starr
Definition
drums beatles
Term
beatles timing
Definition
post WWII
advent of rock n roll
new youth market
working class
Term
peter paul and mary
Definition
folk, set tones for folk music
new frontier, new generation audience
folk subculture
social awareness
music to "think about"


Puff the magic dragon
if i had a hammer
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