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| Psychoanalytic Theory Founder and Key People |
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| Alderian Therapy Founder and Key People |
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Definition
Alfred Adler
Rudolf Dreikurs popularized in the US |
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| Existential Therapy Founder and Key People |
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Definition
None
Victor Frankl, Rollo May and Irvin Yalom |
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| Person - Centered Therapy Founder and Key People |
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Definition
Carl Rogers
Natalie Rogers |
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| Gestalt Therapy Founder and Key People |
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Definition
Fritz and Laura Perls
Miriam and Erving Polster |
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| Behavior Therapy Founder and Key People |
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Definition
None
BF Skinner, Arnold Lazarus, Albert Bandura |
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| CBT Founder and Key People |
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Definition
AT Beck
Judith Beck, Donald Meichenbaum |
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| REBT Founder and Key People |
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| Reality Therapy Founder and Key People |
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Definition
William Glasser
Robert Wubbolding |
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| Feminist Therapy Key People |
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Definition
| Jean Baker Miller, Caroyln Zerbe Enns, Olivia Espin, Laura Brown |
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| Post Modern Approaches Key People |
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Definition
Steve de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg --> solution focused brief therapy
Micheal White, David Epston --> narrative therapy |
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| Family Systems Therapy Key People |
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Definition
| Alfred Adler, Murray Bowen, Virginia Satir, Carl Whitaker, Salvador Minuchin, Jay Haley and Cloe Madanes |
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Term
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Definition
| Freud - Started as just sexual energy but grew to encompass life instincts. Directed towards survival of individual and human race, oriented towards growth, development and creativity. |
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Definition
| Freud - aggressive drive, unconscious wish to die or harm others |
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Term
| Id, Ego, Superego (General Concept) |
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Definition
| Three systems found in the personality operating as a whole. Id is untamed urges, drives (likened to biological component), Ego is mediating between the desires of the Id and dangers that might be experienced. Superego is the internalized social component, the moral code, largely rooted in what the person thinks are the expectations of parental figures. |
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Term
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Definition
| Id is untamed urges, drives (likened to biological component). Operates on the pleasure principle, reduce tension, avoid pain and increase pleasure. Largely unconscious. |
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Definition
| Ego is mediating between the desires of the Id and dangers that might be experienced. Ruled by the reality principle, creates plans of action to satisfy needs, checks and controls the Id. |
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Definition
| Superego is the internalized social component, the moral code, largely rooted in what the person thinks are the expectations of parental figures. Strives for perfection. Inhibits impulses from the Id and tries to replace the Ego's realistic goals with moral ones. |
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Term
| Ways of studying the unconscious |
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Definition
| Can't be studied directly, can instead use dreams (symbolic needs of unconscious needs, desires or conflicts), slips of the tongue or forgetting (Freudian slips), posthypnotic suggestions, material derived from free association, the symbolic content of psychotic symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| Feeling of dread resulting from repressed feelings, experiences and desires coming to the surface of awareness. A conflict between the id, ego and superego for available psychic energy. Serves to warn of danger. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Reality anxiety - fear of danger from the real world
2. Neurotic Anxiety - fear that instincts will get out of control and you'll do something you'll be punished for
3. Moral Anxiety - fear of ones own conscience, guilt from doing something contrary to your moral code |
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Term
| Different kinds of ego defense mechanisms |
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Definition
1. Repression - involuntary removal of something from consciousness so we don't have to deal with it
2. Denial - distorting how you experience a traumatic situation, like repression but generally conscious.
3. Reaction formation - Actively presenting the opposite impulse when confronted with a threatening impulse (responding to feelings of hate by displaying love etc)
4.Projection - Attributing to others your own bad desires or impulses
5. Displacement - directing energy towards another (safer) object or person when the original object or person isn't available (eg. meek man who hates his boss takes it out on children)
6. Rationalization - making up "good" reasons justify specific behaviors and soften disappointments
7. Sublimation - Diverting sexual or aggressive energy to different channels (eg. aggression into sports)
8. Regression - going back to an earlier stage in life where there were fewer demands, in the face of stress
9. Introjection - Taking on the values and standards of others
10. Identification - Identifying with people, causes or groups you see as successful in the hope that you in turn will be seen as worthwhile
11. Compensation - masking perceived weaknesses or developing certain positive traits to make up for short comings |
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Term
| Freud on the first year of life. |
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Definition
| Oral stage, gratification through sucking, need basic nurturing during this time or feelings of greediness/aquisitiveness will develop. With lack of oral gratification can develop mistrust of others, reject others, and have a fear or inability to form intimate relationships |
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Term
| Erikson on the first year of life. |
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Definition
| Significant others provide for basic needs, for the infant to develop a sense of trust (especially regarding interpersonal relationships) |
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Definition
| Anal stage, learn independence, accept personal power, learning to express rage and aggression. Parental discipline has a big influence in this stage. |
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| When autonomy begins to develop, struggle between self reliance and self doubt. Testing limits, exploring and making mistakes, can become bad at dealing with the world if parents encourage dependence during this time. |
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Definition
| Phallic stage, odeipus complex and electra complex |
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Definition
| Preschool age, try to achieve a sense of competence and initiative. Freedom of initiative important in determining if child will be active or passive in their life later on. |
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Definition
| Latency stage, interested in skill building and socializing, sexual interests sort of die down |
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Definition
| School age - Focus on goal setting, learning gender role (gross), expand understanding of world. |
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Definition
| Genital stage - phallic stage revisited, channel sexual energy into things deemed appropriate by society |
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Definition
| Test limits, develop independence, create identity. Failure to create identity can lead to role confusion. |
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Definition
| Genital stage, freedom from parental influence and capacity to care for others |
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Definition
| Form intimate relationships, avoid alienation and isolation |
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Definition
| Help next generation, adjust to differences between dreams and what you've accomplished, need to feel productive |
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Definition
| Look back on life and feel satisfied, few regrets = ego integrity |
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Term
| Stance therapists take in classical psychoanalysis |
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Definition
| Blank screen approach, very little self disclosure, maintain neutrality to foster a transference relationship (client transfers feelings from an early relationship onto the therapist) |
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Term
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Definition
Say what comes to mind without censorship
being on a couch encourages deep though without censorship, therapist sitting behind prevents client from "reading" a response in their expression/body language, so they don't have to monitor it |
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Term
| Basic differences in Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic approach |
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Definition
| Psychodynamic tries to make the process shorter and simpler. Still focus on transferance, dreams, past as well as present, and the unconscious |
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Term
| 6 basic techniques of psychanalytic therapy |
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Definition
1. maintaining and analytic framework - basic procedural stuff like outlining the relationship, regular meetings, neutrality etc.
2. free association- say whatever comes to mind, look for patterns, history, resistances
3. interpretation - allow ego to assimilate new material and speed up uncovering more material
4. dream analysis
5. analysis of resistance
6. analysis of transference |
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