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History of Psychology Cpt 13 vocab
Chapter 13 vocab
37
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
05/31/2011

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Term
abreaction
Definition
In psychoanalysis, the cathartic expression of emotionally charged memories.
Term
alienist
Definition
Early name for a physician engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of the mentally disturbed
Term
dementia praecox
Definition
Early name for disorder later characterized as schizophrenia, so-called because of its early onset and rapid progression
Term
client-centered therapy
Definition
Form of psychotherapy based upon acknowledgement of the intrinsic worth of people, in contrast to more detached scientific approaches.
Term
countertransference
Definition
Emotional attachment that a therapist develops for a patient in the course of psychoanalysis
Term
ego
Definition
In psychoanalytic theory, aspect of personality that identifies and pursues the real-world objects of instinctual drive and desire
Term
electroconvulsive treatment (ECT)
Definition
Controversial treatment of schizophrenia and depression in which convulsions are induced by passing an electrical current through the brain.
Term
Emmanuel Movement
Definition
Christian ministry devoted to the treatment of nervous disorders.
Term
free association
Definition
In psychoanalysis, method of identifying pathogenic ideas by having the patient relax and describe whatever comes into his or her mind, no matter how apparently trivial or potentially embarrassing it might be.
Term
Freudian slip
Definition
Symbolic wish fulfillment expressed in everyday accidents and errors.
Term
humanistic psychology
Definition
An approach to psychological disorders and their treatment that emphasized the autonomy, potential, and personal feelings of individuals, in contrast to objective scientific approaches.
Term
hypnosis
Definition
Term coined by the Scottish surgeon James Brain to describe the state of "nervous sleep" induced by mesmeric treatments.
Term
id
Definition
Instinctual core of personality, comprising basic drives and desires (such as hunger, thirst, and sexual desire).
Term
latent content
Definition
Repressed content (of dreams)
Term
manifest content
Definition
Apparent content (of dreams)
Term
mental alienation
Definition
Early term used to describe the troubled condition of those suffering from psychological disorders.
Term
mental hygiene movement
Definition
Early-20th-century movement that aimed to increase public awareness of mental illness and promote its effective treatment.
Term
mesmerism
Definition
form of treatment developed by Franz Mesmer, supposedly based upon the manipulation of magnetic forces in the body
Term
moral management
Definition
Form of 19th century psychological treatment directed to the transformation of character through personal counseling and religious training.
Term
Nancy school
Definition
The theoretical position developed by Nancy physicians Ambroise-Auguste Liebault and Hippolyte Bernheim, who claimed that suggestion is the primary vehicle of hypnotism and that suggestibility is a normal and universal psychological trait.
Term
neuroses
Definition
Term first used by the Edinburgh physician William Cullen to characterize physical or psychological disorders caused by damage to or disease of the nervous system.
Term
neurasthenia
Definition
nervous exhaustion
Term
Oedipus complex
Definition
In psychoanalytic theory, emotional conflict generated by the male child's sexual desire for his mother and fear of his father, resolved through identification with his father.
Term
paranoia
Definition
term employed by Johann Christian Heinroth to describe a variety of disorders based upon intellectual and emotional disturbance.
Term
pleasure principle
Definition
In psychoanalytic theory, principle directed to the gratification of basic drives and desires.
Term
prefrontal lobotomy
Definition
Surgical operation producing lesion of the nerve fibers in the frontal lobes, employed as a treatment of schizophrenia and other disorders.
Term
psychiatry
Definition
Term introduced by Johann Christian Reil to describe the study and treatment of mental disorder.
Term
rational-emotive therapy
Definition
Form of therapy based upon the rational control of emotion
Term
reality principle
Definition
In psychoanalytic theory, principle directed to the identification and pursuit of real-world objects of instinctual drive and desire.
Term
schizophrenia
Definition
Term introduced by Eugene Bleuler to describe the disorder formerly classified as dementia praecox, which he believed was based upon the dissociation of thought and emotion.
Term
scientist-practitioner model
Definition
The model of clinical training combining academic research and practical training that was endorsed at the APA conference on clinical training in psychology in Boulder, Colorado, in 1949
Term
seduction theory
Definition
Freud's early theory that neurotic symptoms are the product of repressed memories of childhood sexual abuse.
Term
self-actualization
Definition
In Maslow's personality theory, the capacity every individual has to reach his or her highest potential.
Term
super-ego
Definition
In psychoanalytic theory, the aspect of personality based upon the internalization of the moral principles of the parent of the opposite sex, which restricts the objects of drive and desire pursued to those that are socially approved.
Term
tally argument
Definition
Theoretical justification of psychoanalysis attributed to Freud by Adof Grunbaum, based upon the claim that correct insight is necessary for the cure of neuroses.
Term
transference
Definition
Redirection of patient feelings for parents to the therapist in the course of psychoanalysis.
Term
wish fulfillment
Definition
Symbolic expression of repressed memories and desires.
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