Term
|
Definition
- an Army officer, lawyer, Founding Father, American politician, leading statesman, financier and political theorist. One of America's first constitutional lawyers, he was a leader in calling the
U.S. Constitutional Convention in 1787; he was one of the two chief authors of the Federalist Papers, the most cited contemporary interpretation of intent for the United States Constitution.
- deal with Jefferson - capital moved and federal gov. assumes state debts - New York becomes center of finance not politics
- Hamilton had wide-reaching influence over the direction of policy during the formative years of the government. Hamilton believed in the importance of a strong central government, and convinced Congress to use an elastic interpretation of the Constitution to pass far-reaching laws. They included: the funding of the national debt; federal assumption of the state debts; creation of a national bank; and a system of taxes through a tariff on imports and a tax on whiskey that would help pay for it.
- Hamilton retired from the Treasury in 1795 to practice law in New York City. In 1784, he founded the Bank of New York, now the oldest ongoing banking organization in the United States.
- Hamilton was one of the men who restored King's College as Columbia College, which had been suspended since the Battle of Long Island in 1776 and severely crippled by the Revolutionary War.
- In 1801, Hamilton founded his own newspaper, the New-York Evening Post, edited by William Coleman. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- was an early American politician who served as United States Senator and Governor of New York. In this last capacity he was largely responsible for the construction of the Erie Canal.
- was educated at what is now Columbia University
- While serving as Mayor, he organized the Historical Society of New York in 1804 and was its president
- In 1811, defeating the Federalist Nicholas Fish and the Tammany Hall candidate Marinus Willett, he won a special election for Lieutenant Governor of New York
- On July 1, 1817, Clinton became the governor of New York
- was largely responsible for the construction of the Erie Canal. He imagined a Canal from Buffalo, New York on the Eastern Shore of Lake Erie to Albany, New York on the upper Hudson River, a distance of almost 400 miles. So, in 1817 he persuaded the state lawmakers to provide 7 million dollars for the construction of a canal 363 miles long, 40 feet wide, and four feet deep. In 1825, when the Erie Canal was finished, Governor Clinton opened it, sailing in the packet boat Seneca Chief along the Canal into Buffalo. After sailing from the mouth of Lake Erie to New York City he emptied two casks of water from Lake Erie into New York Harbor, celebrating the first connection of waters from East to West. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- the first lawyer in the Dutch colony, he was a leader in the political life of New Amsterdam (modern New York City), and an activist for Dutch-style republican government in the Dutch West India Company-run trading post.
- "peoples champion"
- Hero of Island at the Center of the World
- Despite a booming Dutch economy, upon becoming a jurist in 1641, Van der Donck decided to go to the New World. To this end, he approached the patroon Kiliaen van Rensselaer, securing a post as schout, a combination of sheriff and prosecutor, for his large, semi-independent estate, Rensselaerwyck, located near modern Albany
- In New Amsterdam, disgruntled colonists had been sending ineffective complaints to the Dutch West India Company about the Director-General of New Netherland, Willem Kieft, who had begun a bloody war with the Indians against the advice of the council of twelve men. In 1645, Kieft tried to mend relations with the Indians and asked Van der Donck to assist as a guide and interpreter. Kieft granted Van der Donck 24,000 acres (97 km²) on the mainland north of Manhattan in 1646
- successfully secured a liberal government for the colony without the restrictions of the Dutch West India Company and national support for emigrating colonists from the Netherlands to the colonies. in 1652: the Dutch West India Company was forced to order Stuyvesant to set up a municipal government. A municipal charter was enacted in New Amsterdam on February 2, 1653 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| - served as the last Dutch Director-General of the colony of New Netherland from 1647 until it was ceded provisionally to the English in 1664. He was a major figure in the early history of New York City. - Stuyvesant's accomplishments as director-general included a great expansion for the settlement of New Amsterdam (later renamed New York) beyond the southern tip of Manhattan. Among the projects built by Stuyvesant's administration were the protective wall on Wall Street, the canal that became Broad Street, and Broadway.
- In May of 1645 he was selected by the Dutch West India Company to replace Willem Kieft as Director-General of New Netherland. He arrived in New Amsterdam on May 11, 1647
- Administrative success - speed limits, war on pigs/goats, no garbage in streets, banned thached roofs/wood chimneys, first hospital and post office, regulated weights and measures
- Intolerance toward Jews/Quackers (Flushing Remonstrance 1657) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| - Pierrepont is a town in St. Lawrence County, New York, in the United States. As of the 2000 census, the town population was 2,674. The name is derived from Hezekiah Pierrepont, the early owner of much of the town's territory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- was an architect and landscape designer. He is best remembered as the co-designer (with Frederick Law Olmsted), of New York's Central Park.
- Their plan was named “Greensward,”
- designed Prospect Park and Fort Greene Park in Brooklyn, and Morningside Park in Manhattan.
- He introduced new ideas about the significance of public parks in America during a hectic time of urbanization. This industrialization of the cityscape inspired him to focus on an integration of buildings, bridges and other forms of architecture into their natural surroundings
- Other famous New York City buildings Vaux designed are the Jefferson Market Courthouse, the Samuel J. Tilden House, and the original Ruskinian Gothic buildings, now largely invisible from exterior view, of the American Museum of Natural History and the Metropolitan Museum of Art. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- was a noted educator, renowned for her forthright opinions on women’s education as well as her vehement support of the many benefits of the incorporation of a kindergarten into children’s education.- born in East Hampton, New York, was the daughter, of outspoken religious leader Lyman Beecher. Her numerous other well-known family members include her sister Harriet Beecher Stowe, the 19th century abolitionist and writer most famous for her groundbreaking novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, and two brothers who were both renowned Congregationalist ministers, Henry Ward Beecher and Charles Beecher - Beecher founded The American Woman’s Educational Association in 1852 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- an American landscape designer and writer, a prominent advocate of the Gothic Revival style in the United States, and editor of The Horticulturist magazine (1846-52)
- influenced Vaux and Olmsted - the two men met at Downing's house
- made Vaux a partner. Together they designed many significant projects, including the grounds in the White House and the Smithsonian Institute in Washington D.C
- Olmsted and Vaux proposed that a bust of Downing be placed in the new park as an "appropriate acknowledgment of the public indebtedness to the labors of the late A. J. Downing, of which we feel the Park itself is one of the direct results." The monument was never built in the park |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- constructed from October 25, 1880 to October 27, 1884,[3] is an apartment building located on the northwest corner of 72nd Street and Central Park West in New York City
- one of first luxury apt buildings
- major subway stops located near the significant aptment buildings
- Stuyvesant building, which was built in 1869, a mere ten years earlier, and which is considered New York's first apartment building
- For the high society of New York, it became fashionable to live in such a building, or to rent at least an apartment as a secondary city residence, and the Dakota's success prompted the construction of many other luxury apartment buildings in New York City.
- The building is best known as the home of former Beatle John Lennon and his wife, Yoko Ono, starting in 1973, and as the location of his assassination in 1980. Housed many musicians - thick walls? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- a street located in Lower Manhattan; during the late 1800s, it was nicknamed Newspaper Row as most of New York City's newspapers located on the street to be close to the action at New York City Hall.
- in 1890 17 daily papers printed on Park Row
- New York Times moved from Park Row in 1904 - away from other papers and became very successful - moves to Longrace (now Times Square)
- important buildings on Park Row include:
New York City Hall; the New York World Building, also known as the Pulitzer Building (with the spherical top) which housed the New York World newspaper (now the site of one of the Brooklyn Bridge entrance ramps); The New York Tribune building with the spire top (today the site of the Pace Plaza complex of Pace University); The New York Times Building (the 19th Century home of The New York Times, today one of the buildings of Pace University); the Potter Building
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Latin omnibus, means "transport for everyone."
- new voiture omnibus ("carriage for all") combined the functions of the hired hackney carriage with the stagecoach
- In New York, omnibus service began in 1829, when Abraham Brower, an entrepreneur who had organized volunteer fire companies, established a route along Broadway starting at Bowling Green.
- In most cases, the city governments granted a private company—generally a small stableman already in the livery or freight-hauling business—an exclusive franchise to operate public coaches along a specified route.
- it encouraged urbanization
- Within a very few years, the New York omnibus had a rival in the streetcar: the first streetcar ran along The Bowery, which offered the excellent improvement in amenity of riding on smooth iron rails rather than clattering over granite setts, called "Belgian blocks". The new streetcars were financed by John Mason, a wealthy banker, and built by an Irish contractor, John Stephenson. The streetcars would become even more centrally important than the omnibus in the future of urbanization.
- When motorized transport proved successful after c. 1905, a motorized omnibus was for a time sometimes called an autobus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- fraternal bond, local groupings of men, located in working class neighborhoods close to volunteers homes
- place to party and escape family
- race/competition element to fire fighting
- as city grows need to relocate fire stations near wealthy living and need to stop fights - desire to make fire fighting professional
- professional fire fighting organization decreses #s from 4,000 - 600 fire fighters...possible because of hourse driven steam engines |
|
|
