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PARC DES BUTTE CHAUMONT
1867 Paris, France
designer: Alphand (engineer)
patron: Emperor Napoléan III, City of Paris
factoid:
- developed as part of the plan to remodel Paris, directed by Baron Haussman
- site of former gypsum quarry mined for construction purposes
in France and the USA
- opened as part of the festivities of the Universal Exhibition in
1867
- has a grotto (w/ fabricated geology- stalactites)
- rustic (see in se of faux bois- reinforced concrete molded to
look like tree branches/ roots)
precedents:
- English Landscapes (picturesque and public parks)
- expositions (for the engineering and modern materials)
- Greek/Roman (temple typology- referring to the Belvedere or
tempietto a top the central island
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CENTRAL PARK
1858-1863/ 1865-1868 New York City, NY
designers: Frederick Law Olmsted (landscape architect) and Calvert
Vaux (architect)
patron: New York City Park Commission
factoids:
- "Greensward Plan"
- expresses concepts of art and social conscience (represented
in the ideals of democracy/ social justice)
- had "social expressions" like a dairy and ice skating rink
-1 of over 30 designs in the contest
precedents:
- rustic aesthetics (via A.J. Downing)
- European public parks (especially 2nd Empire Parks and
Birkenhead Park) |
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UNION COLLEGE
1813 Schenectady, NY
designer: ?
patron: Joseph-Jacques Ramée
factoids:
- tempietto (building resembling a temple)
- inspired by French landscape design (forecourt, etc.)
- first planned American college campus |
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UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
1819 Charolettesville, VA.
designer: Thomas Jefferson
patron: Jefferson and State of Virginia
factoid:
- Rotunda (library) located at the north end of lawn
- a half scale replica of the Pantheon
- railings show chinoiserie style
- has a quad
- serpentine wall (a single brick, sine curve, wall)
precedent:
- Plato's Academy
-monastic precursor of idealize plan of Monastery at St. Gall
-Villa Rotunda/ Pantheon
- French Gardens |
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YUAN MING YUAN
1707 Bejing, China
designer: Castiglione (Jesuit Missionary)
patron: Emperor Qian Long (17th century)
factoid:
- example of European (Italian) influence on Asia
- building resembles Renaissance structures, in form, w/
Chinese deatiling |
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NAUMKEAG
1926-35 Stockbridge, MA.
designer: Fletcher Steele
patron: Mabel Choate
factoids:
- Steele worked to integrate many European influences (Paris
1925 exposition)
- sleek, machine-age industrail design
- crossing of different artistic mediums:
- patterns from textile and graphic design
- spatial proportions from architecture
- movement/ framing from photography/ film
- the "Blue Stair" plays with optical perspective and color |
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TEA HOUSE AT SANS SOUCI
1754-56 Potsdam, Germany
designer: of the tea house - Johann Gottfried Büring
of the landscape - Peter Joseph Lenne
patron: Freidrich 1st
factoid:
- "lost in translation"
- a pavilion in the chinoiserie style
precedent:
- scholar gardens of China
- Baroque architecture
- European Pleasure Gardens (especially of Le Notre- Versailles) |
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THE GREAT PAGODA AT KEW GARDENS
1762 Kew (SW London), England
designer: William Chambers
patron: Augusta, Dowager Princess of Wales
factoid:
- chinoiserie
- has 10 octagonal stories
precedents:
- Chinease/ Japanese scholar gardens |
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ROSE RESIDENCE
1953 Ridgewood, NJ.
designer: James Rose
patron: Rose, his mother, and his sister
factoid:
- inside/outside relationship through transparency (literal and
phenomenological
- good use of space on a small lot
- 3 buildings: main house (for mom), guest house (for sister), and
studio (for himself)
- Japanoiserie (from being station in Okinawa)
- has zen (from studying zen buddhism) |
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COMMUNITY CENTER
1939 Weslaco, TX.
designer: Garret Eckbo
patron: United States Farm Security Administration
factoid:
- Modernist: exemplifies Eckbo's social agenda and functional
design
- landscape example of phenomenal transparency
- overlapping spaces
- analyzed in layers |
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MILLER RESIDENCE
1955 Columbus, IN.
designer: Eero Saarinen (architect)
Dan Kiley (landscape architect)
patron: Irwin and Xenia Miller
factoid:
- modernist example of phenomenal transparency
- overlapping spaces and hierarchy
- organization system (grid and shifting axial lines- pin wheel)
- garden has 3 parts:
- formal/ complex gardens (near the house)
- the grassy meadow
- "forest" by the river |
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DONNELL GARDEN
1948 Sonoma, CA.
designers: Thomas Church and Lawrence Halprin
patron: Dewey and Linda Donnell
factoid:
- represents the modern indoor/ outdoor style of California living
- iconic kidney bean shape pool (w/ Adaline Kent sculpture)
- overlooks San Francisco Bay
- reflects Church's traditional training organizational sweep of hedge
- forms the base for the view and connects the pool to the
house
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HESTERCOMBE (EDWARDIAN GARDEN)
1904-1908 Somerset, England
designers: Sir Edwin Lutyens (architect)
Gertrude Jekyll (landscape architect)
patrons:
factoids:
- monochromatic plantings of silver-grey slate
- painterly approach to drift plantings
- Jekyll's painterly use of plants with seasonal variation
- Perennial borders
precedents:
- influenced by impressionist paintings
- knew Monet |
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UNESCO PEACE GARDEN
1956-1958 Paris, France
designer: Isamu Noguchi
patron: UNESCO
factoid:
- variety and views in a small area
- a "Japanese" garden
- details with various scales (i.e. pavers)
precedents:
- Japanese gardens
- sculpture and the arts |
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SUTTON PLACE
1980's Guildford, Surrey, England
designers: Sir Geoffrey and Susan Jellicoe
patron: Stanley Seeger
factoids:
- 4 gardens:
- paradise garden
- moss garden
- music garden
- surrealist garden
- Nicholson Wall sculpture
precendents:
- allegory
- the psyche: Jung and the study of the subconscious becoming
conscious |
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SOROS RESIDENCE
1980 South Hampton, NY.
designers: A. E. Bye
patron: George Soros
factoids:
- designed according to Bye's idea of "mood", and with respect
for the inherent "nature" of the site
- landscape shaped/ molded direct on site with the designer
- uses light as design elements- here as shadows
precedents:
- contemporary art
- sense of place |
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TORONTO MUSIC GARDEN
1999 Toronto, Canada
designers: Julie Moir Messervy w/ cellist Yo Yo Ma
patrons: City of Toronto, Canada
factoid:
- located between Marina and high rise housing
- part of the cities 40-acre Harbourfront park system
precedents:
- designed as an interpretation of Bach's "Suite for
unaccompanied Cello No. 1 in G Major"
- 6 movements/ 6 parts of the garden:
1. prelude (riverscape with curves and bends)
2. Allemande (forest grove of wandering trails)
3. Courante (swirling path through a wildflower meadow)
4. Sarabande (conifer grove in shape of arc)
5. Menuette (a formal lower parterre)
6. Gigue (giant grass steps) |
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