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| time of ignorance preceding the rise of Islam; for some modern revivalists, any culture or civilization which is in rebellion against God, refers to pre-Islamic Arabia. |
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| Abrahamic monotheists, practiced original religion of Abraham; didn’t believe in idols; also lived in a dessert like Christian hermits. It was not a tribe, they were individuals. |
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| belief in many Gods/one God |
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| accepting the existence of many gods, but only worshipping one |
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| city, birthplace of new religion and civilization due to: Ka’ba, an annual pilgrimage connected with the shrine, and tribal ruling elite, the QUraysh, who adroitly leveraged control over shrine and pilgrimage to political and economic advantage.Where the Prophet lived and worked. |
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| important religion shrine in Mecca, as old as creation itself, according to the qura’an; Adam built the original. Abraham and his son Ismail, rebuilt the shrine after Noah;’s flood. After Ismail, the Ka’ba fell into pagan use for centuries until Muhammad cleansed it of idols. Now covered in black cloth, traditional pilgrimage site for pre-Islamic polytheists, pilgrimage site for Muslims, historically important—control of Mecca=control of Kaba=control of pilgrimage and dominance of religion |
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| way of looking at the religion; gnosis – salvational knowledge that allows you to escape the prison of the earthly world and reconnect with the Divine. |
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| religion of the Sasanian (Persian) empire. Helped bring about the circle of justice theory which was echoed in later Islamic scholarship. |
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| the tribe of Muhammad and the dominant tribe of Mecca |
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