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| leader in hereditary studies in the late 1800s; "Mendelian ratios" |
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| "The Descent of Man" made clear that humans were the product of evolution |
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| started research lab called Eugenics Record Office which collected data on family pedigrees |
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| attempted to determine caases of feeble-mindedness' studied the Kalikak family; worked at a trianing school for the feeble-minded |
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| studied the Jukes family; discovered family cost taxpayers $1.3 million in 1915 |
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| Alfred Binet & Theodore Simon |
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| tested children and classified them according to their "mental age" |
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| president of APA; wanted psychologists to examine army recruits through testing |
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| "founder of eugenics"; wanted to control the forces steering human evolution and eliminate undesirables; believed you could study heredity through statistical analysis |
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| leader against immigration; saw strong correlation between test results and length of US residency |
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| developed IQ test which was designed to identify bright students; believed intelligence and ethnicity were directed related |
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| campaigned to have French Canadians in VT sterilized |
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| worked in poorly kept prisons and began sterilization for treatment of onanism (masturbation) |
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| plaintiff in Supreme Court case Buck v. Bell; teenage girl sterilized at the age of 18 |
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| opposed Buck in Supreme Court Case; Superintendent of State Colony for Epileptics and Feeble-Minded (VA) |
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| worked in Eugenics Record Office; studied foreigners in US prisons and asylums; argued immigrants were mentally inferior; also campaigned for mandatory sterilization laws |
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| the study of agencies under social control which could improve or impair the racial qualities of future generations, either physically or mentally |
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| 3 things influenced by the eugenics movement |
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1)marriage regulations
2)sterilization of the unfit
3)immigration |
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| 1889 book that tried to establish how many people were geniuses and how many were stupid |
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| "Revenge of the Nerds" by: Stephen Lagerfield |
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| intelligence is highly regarded in American society' we admire smart political leaders; people should be more well-rounded rather than focusing on one area |
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| "Schools & the G factor" by: Linda Gottfredson |
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| quality of general intelligence can be measured by a number; best predictor of success/intelligence later in life; advocates tracking in classroom; attacks Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences |
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| founded by Charles Davenport; located in Cold Springs Harbor, NY |
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| our body explains who we are and what we do (exhibited in anthropometry & craniometry) |
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Idiots (1-2)
Imbeciles (3-7)
Morons (8-12) *term "moron", meaning dull, was coined by Henry Goddard |
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| army wanted to test young adults to see what they would be best suited for and to weed out the mentally defective; created the Army Alpha Test |
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| reading & writing test for English illiterates |
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| effect of Army tests on society |
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| it was believed that intelligence testing could improve efficiency in the workplace; it was a hereditarian explanation for class differences; testing became part of American political debate |
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| from Northern & Western Europe (England, Ireland, Germany, Scandinavia); mostly Protestants |
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| from Southern & Eastern Europe (Italy, Greece, Spain, Poland, Russia); mostly Catholics, Jews, and Eastern Orthodox |
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| "The Passing of the Great Race" |
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| 1916 Madison Grant book that said new racial stock in the US was bad; he thought the gene pool would change if immigrants weren't kept out |
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| lifted all ethnic and racial restrictions on immigration; new arrivals included Mexicans, Asians, and Africans |
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| 28% of Americans claim minority status |
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| was a means of contraception for those over the age of 35 |
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| adopted by the eugenics movement in the 1920s and 30s; seen as a solution to social problems |
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| state could require some prisoners to undergo compulsory sterilization |
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| 1927 Supreme Court Case; 18-yr-old Carrie Buck was sterilized under Virginia law |
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| approved sterilization of mentally defective for better of society |
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| institution for feeble-minded that sterilized children & teenagers |
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| Why many eugenicists were anti-immigration |
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| they wanted to prevent the breeding of criminals and feeble-minded; they didn't want to lower the average of US intelligence; many economic reasons |
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